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Vertical Federated Learning (VFL) is widely utilized in real-world applications to enable collaborative learning while protecting data privacy and safety. However, previous works show that parties without labels (passive parties) in VFL can…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-03-01 Tianyuan Zou , Yang Liu , Ya-Qin Zhang

Backdoor attack against deep neural networks is currently being profoundly investigated due to its severe security consequences. Current state-of-the-art backdoor attacks require the adversary to modify the input, usually by adding a…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-10-09 Ahmed Salem , Michael Backes , Yang Zhang

Prompt-based tuning has emerged as a lightweight alternative to full fine-tuning in large vision-language models, enabling efficient adaptation via learned contextual prompts. This paradigm has recently been extended to federated learning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-09 Maozhen Zhang , Mengnan Zhao , Wei Wang , Bo Wang

Federated learning (FL) is a decentralized machine learning technique that allows multiple entities to jointly train a model while preserving dataset privacy. However, its distributed nature has raised various security concerns, which have…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-01-06 Nuno Neves

Vertical federated learning (VFL) allows an active party with a top model, and multiple passive parties with bottom models to collaborate. In this scenario, passive parties possessing only features may attempt to infer active party's…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-20 Yige Liu , Dexuan Xu , Zimai Guo , Yongzhi Cao , Hanpin Wang

Backdoor attacks pose a significant threat to the integrity and reliability of Artificial Intelligence (AI) models, enabling adversaries to manipulate model behavior by injecting poisoned data with hidden triggers. These attacks can lead to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-31 Osama Wehbi , Sarhad Arisdakessian , Omar Abdel Wahab , Azzam Mourad , Hadi Otrok , Jamal Bentahar

Federated learning (FL) has increasingly been deployed, in its vertical form, among organizations to facilitate secure collaborative training over siloed data. In vertical FL (VFL), participants hold disjoint features of the same set of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-14 Peng Ye , Zhifeng Jiang , Wei Wang , Bo Li , Baochun Li

Vertical Federated Learning (VFL) has emerged as a critical approach in machine learning to address privacy concerns associated with centralized data storage and processing. VFL facilitates collaboration among multiple entities with…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-07 Yue Cui , Chung-ju Huang , Yuzhu Zhang , Leye Wang , Lixin Fan , Xiaofang Zhou , Qiang Yang

In recent years, the neural network backdoor hidden in the parameters of the federated learning model has been proved to have great security risks. Considering the characteristics of trigger generation, data poisoning and model training in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-04-23 Rong Wang , Guichen Zhou , Mingjun Gao , Yunpeng Xiao

Vertical Federated Learning (VFL) is an emergent distributed machine learning paradigm for collaborative learning between clients who have disjoint features of common entities. However, standard VFL lacks fault tolerance, with each…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-03 Avi Amalanshu , Yash Sirvi , David I. Inouye

Vertical Federated Learning (VFL) enables an orchestrating active party to perform a machine learning task by cooperating with passive parties that provide additional task-related features for the same training data entities. While prior…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-07-15 Weiyang He , Chip-Hong Chang

Existing research primarily focuses on backdoor attacks and defenses within the generic federated learning scenario, where all clients collaborate to train a single global model. A recent study conducted by Qin et al. (2023) marks the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-04-09 Tiandi Ye , Cen Chen , Yinggui Wang , Xiang Li , Ming Gao

Federated learning (FL) has been demonstrated to be susceptible to backdoor attacks. However, existing academic studies on FL backdoor attacks rely on a high proportion of real clients with main task-related data, which is impractical. In…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-05-07 Minghui Li , Wei Wan , Yuxuan Ning , Shengshan Hu , Lulu Xue , Leo Yu Zhang , Yichen Wang

Federated Learning (FL) is a privacy-preserving distributed machine learning technique that enables individual clients (e.g., user participants, edge devices, or organizations) to train a model on their local data in a secure environment…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-02-26 Waris Gill , Ali Anwar , Muhammad Ali Gulzar

Vertical Federated Learning (VFL) has emerged as one of the most predominant approaches for secure collaborative machine learning where the training data is partitioned by features among multiple parties. Most VFL algorithms primarily rely…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-06-29 Mingxuan Fan , Yilun Jin , Liu Yang , Zhenghang Ren , Kai Chen

Vertical federated learning (VFL) is a promising category of federated learning for the scenario where data is vertically partitioned and distributed among parties. VFL enriches the description of samples using features from different…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-04-05 Liu Yang , Di Chai , Junxue Zhang , Yilun Jin , Leye Wang , Hao Liu , Han Tian , Qian Xu , Kai Chen

A novel form of inference attack in vertical federated learning (VFL) is proposed, where two parties collaborate in training a machine learning (ML) model. Logistic regression is considered for the VFL model. One party, referred to as the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Morteza Varasteh

Federated learning (FL) is the most popular distributed machine learning technique. FL allows machine-learning models to be trained without acquiring raw data to a single point for processing. Instead, local models are trained with local…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-02-06 Qun Li , Chandra Thapa , Lawrence Ong , Yifeng Zheng , Hua Ma , Seyit A. Camtepe , Anmin Fu , Yansong Gao

Federated learning (FL) has attracted significant attention for enabling collaborative learning without exposing private data. Among the primary variants of FL, vertical federated learning (VFL) addresses feature-partitioned data held by…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-31 Kihun Hong , Sejun Park , Ganguk Hwang

Federated Learning (FL) is a distributed machine learning approach that maintains data privacy by training on decentralized data sources. Similar to centralized machine learning, FL is also susceptible to backdoor attacks, where an attacker…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-12 Son Nguyen , Thinh Nguyen , Khoa D Doan , Kok-Seng Wong