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This paper introduces Tele-LLM-Hub, a user friendly low-code solution for rapid prototyping and deployment of context aware multi-agent (MA) Large Language Model (LLM) systems tailored for 5G and beyond. As telecom wireless networks become…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2025-11-19 Pranshav Gajjar , Cong Shen , Vijay K Shah

Large Language Models (LLMs) increasingly rely on external tools to perform complex, realistic tasks, yet their ability to utilize the rapidly expanding Model Contextual Protocol (MCP) ecosystem remains limited. Existing MCP research covers…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-17 Wenhao Wang , Peizhi Niu , Zhao Xu , Zhaoyu Chen , Jian Du , Yaxin Du , Xianghe Pang , Keduan Huang , Yanfeng Wang , Qiang Yan , Siheng Chen

The rapid development of large language models (LLMs) has led to the widespread deployment of LLM agents across diverse industries, including customer service, content generation, data analysis, and even healthcare. However, as more LLM…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-06-24 Yingxuan Yang , Huacan Chai , Yuanyi Song , Siyuan Qi , Muning Wen , Ning Li , Junwei Liao , Haoyi Hu , Jianghao Lin , Gaowei Chang , Weiwen Liu , Ying Wen , Yong Yu , Weinan Zhang

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable performance improvements and the ability to learn domain-specific languages (DSLs), including APIs and tool interfaces. This capability has enabled the creation of AI agents that can…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2026-01-22 Charles Fleming , Luca Muscariello , Vijoy Pandey , Ramana Kompella

The Model Context Protocol (MCP) standardizes how AI agents discover and invoke external tools, with over 10,000 active servers and 97 million monthly SDK downloads as of early 2026. Yet MCP does not yet standardize how agents safely…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-04-16 Vasundra Srinivasan

Collaborative perception (CP) is emerging as a promising solution to the inherent limitations of stand-alone intelligence. However, current wireless communication systems are unable to support feature-level and raw-level collaborative…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-01 Ruiqing Mao , Haotian Wu , Yukuan Jia , Zhaojun Nan , Yuxuan Sun , Sheng Zhou , Deniz Gündüz , Zhisheng Niu

Large Language Models (LLMs) have evolved into AI agents that interact with external tools and environments to perform complex tasks. The Model Context Protocol (MCP) has become the de facto standard for connecting agents with such…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-04-27 Christoph Bühler , Matteo Biagiola , Luca Di Grazia , Guido Salvaneschi

Large Language Model (LLM) agents increasingly interact with external systems through tool-calling protocols such as the Model Context Protocol (MCP). In prevailing architectures, the agent must reason about every tool invocation in every…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2026-05-05 Abhinav Singh Parmar

Human-AI collaboration faces growing challenges as AI systems increasingly outperform humans on complex tasks, while humans remain responsible for orchestration, validation, and decision oversight. To address this imbalance, we introduce…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-02-16 Yuanrong Tang , Huiling Peng , Bingxi Zhao , Hengyang Ding , Hanchao Song , Tianhong Wang , Chen Zhong , Jiangtao Gong

With the rapid advancement of Large Language Models (LLMs), significant progress has been made in multi-agent applications. However, the complexities in coordinating agents' cooperation and LLMs' erratic performance pose notable challenges…

Agent communication protocols are becoming critical infrastructure for large language model (LLM) systems that must use tools, coordinate with other agents, and operate across heterogeneous environments. This work presents a human-inspired…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Dun Yuan , Fuyuan Lyu , Ye Yuan , Weixu Zhang , Bowei He , Jiayi Geng , Linfeng Du , Zipeng Sun , Yankai Chen , Changjiang Han , Jikun Kang , Xi Chen , Haolun Wu , Xue Liu

Model Context Protocols (MCPs) provide a unified platform for agent systems to discover, select, and orchestrate tools across heterogeneous execution environments. As MCP-based systems scale to incorporate larger tool catalogs and multiple…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-02-19 Yuval Felendler , Parth A. Gandhi , Idan Habler , Yuval Elovici , Asaf Shabtai

The Model Context Protocol (MCP) aims to create a standard for how Large Language Models use tools. However, most current research focuses on selecting tools from an existing pool. A more fundamental, yet largely overlooked, problem is how…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-02-12 Chaoqian Ouyang , Ling Yue , Shimin Di , Libin Zheng , Linan Yue , Shaowu Pan , Jian Yin , Min-Ling Zhang

The rise of AI agents introduces a fundamental shift in Visual Analytics (VA), in which agents act as a new user group. Current agentic approaches - based on computer vision and raw DOM access - fail to perform VA tasks accurately and…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-04-01 Tobias Stähle , Péter Ferenc Gyarmati , Thilo Spinner , Rita Sevastjanova , Dominik Moritz , Mennatallah El-Assady

As AI agents increasingly operate in complex environments, ensuring reliable, context-aware privacy is critical for regulatory compliance. Traditional access controls are insufficient because privacy risks often arise after access is…

Autonomous agents powered by large language models (LLMs) perform complex tasks through long-horizon reasoning and tool interaction, where a fundamental trade-off arises between execution efficiency and reasoning robustness. Models at…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-30 Wenbo Gao , Renxi Liu , Xian Wang , Fang Guo , Shuai Yang , Xi Chen , Hui-Ling Zhen , Hanting Chen , Weizhe Lin , Xiaosong Li , Yaoyuan Wang

Artificial intelligence is rapidly evolving towards multi-agent systems where numerous AI agents collaborate and interact with external tools. Two key open standards, Google's Agent to Agent (A2A) protocol for inter-agent communication and…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2025-05-08 Qiaomu Li , Ying Xie

The Robot Context Protocol (RCP) is a lightweight, middleware-agnostic communication protocol designed to simplify the complexity of robotic systems and enable seamless interaction between robots, users, and autonomous agents. RCP provides…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-06-16 Lambert Lee , Joshua Lau

AI agents increasingly call tools via the Model Context Protocol (MCP) and delegate to other agents via Agent-to-Agent (A2A), yet neither protocol verifies agent identity. A scan of approximately 2,000 MCP servers found all lacked…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-03-27 Sunil Prakash

Large Language Model (LLM)-based agents have demonstrated remarkable capabilities in reasoning, planning, and tool usage. The recently proposed Model Context Protocol (MCP) has emerged as a unifying framework for integrating external tools…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-12-03 Yuanhe Zhang , Weiliu Wang , Zhenhong Zhou , Kun Wang , Jie Zhang , Li Sun , Yang Liu , Sen Su