English
Related papers

Related papers: Markets are competitive if and only if P != NP

200 papers

The CAP theorem asserts a trilemma between consistency, availability, and partition tolerance. This paper introduces a rigorous automata-theoretic and economically grounded framework that reframes the CAP trade-off as a constraint…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2025-07-04 Craig S Wright

Sustainable financial markets play an important role in the functioning of human society. Still, the detection and prediction of risk in financial markets remain challenging and draw much attention from the scientific community. Here we…

Physics and Society · Physics 2018-11-27 Jingfang Fan , Keren Cohen , Louis M. Shekhtman , Sibo Liu , Jun Meng , Yoram Louzoun , Shlomo Havlin

Market equilibria of matching markets offer an intuitive and fair solution for matching problems without money with agents who have preferences over the items. Such a matching market can be viewed as a variation of Fisher market, albeit…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2017-04-03 Saeed Alaei , Pooya Jalaly , Eva Tardos

We study models of regulatory breakup, in the spirit of Strong and Fouque [Ann. Finance 7 (2011) 349-374] but with a fluctuating number of companies. An important class of market models is based on systems of competing Brownian particles:…

Probability · Mathematics 2016-06-23 Ioannis Karatzas , Andrey Sarantsev

Some of the most relevant future applications of multi-agent systems like autonomous driving or factories as a service display mixed-motive scenarios, where agents might have conflicting goals. In these settings agents are likely to learn…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2022-07-20 Kyrill Schmid , Lenz Belzner , Robert Müller , Johannes Tochtermann , Claudia Linnhoff-Popien

Several well-studied online resource allocation problems can be formulated in terms of infinite, increasing sequences of positive values, in which each element is associated with a corresponding allocation value. Examples include problems…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2021-11-10 Spyros Angelopoulos , Diogo Arsénio , Shahin Kamali

A general condition determining the optimal performance of a complex system has not yet been found and the possibility of its existence is unknown. To contribute in this direction, an optimization algorithm as a complex system is presented.…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2007-05-23 Victor Korotkikh , Galina Korotkikh , Darryl Bond

This paper studies Markov perfect equilibria in a repeated duopoly model where sellers choose algorithms. An algorithm is a mapping from the competitor's price to own price. Once set, algorithms respond quickly. Customers arrive randomly…

Theoretical Economics · Economics 2022-07-04 Rohit Lamba , Sergey Zhuk

We consider a multi-organizational system in which each organization contributes processors to the global pool but also jobs to be processed on the common resources. The fairness of the scheduling algorithm is essential for the stability…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2014-04-23 Piotr Skowron , Krzysztof Rzadca

Conformal prediction (CP) can convert any model's output into prediction sets guaranteed to include the true label with any user-specified probability. However, same as the model itself, CP is vulnerable to adversarial test examples…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-15 Soroush H. Zargarbashi , Mohammad Sadegh Akhondzadeh , Aleksandar Bojchevski

This paper presents a soundness and completeness proof for propositional intuitionistic calculus with respect to the semantics of computability logic. The latter interprets formulas as interactive computational problems, formalized as games…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2011-04-15 Giorgi Japaridze

Prediction problems often admit competing models that perform almost equally well. This effect challenges key assumptions in machine learning when competing models assign conflicting predictions. In this paper, we define predictive…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-09-17 Charles T. Marx , Flavio du Pin Calmon , Berk Ustun

We consider a model of oligopolistic competition in a market with search frictions, in which competing firms with products of unknown quality advertise how much information a consumer's visit will glean. In the unique symmetric equilibrium…

Probability · Mathematics 2022-05-27 Pak Hung Au , Mark Whitmeyer

Most finance studies are discussed on the basis of several hypotheses, for example, investors rationally optimize their investment strategies. However, the hypotheses themselves are sometimes criticized. Market impacts, where trades of…

Computational Finance · Quantitative Finance 2022-02-03 Takanobu Mizuta , Isao Yagi , Kosei Takashima

Cooperation and competition are fundamental forces shaping both natural and human systems, yet their interplay remains poorly understood. The Prisoner's Dilemma Game (PDG) has long served as a foundational framework in Game Theory for…

Physics and Society · Physics 2025-08-01 Alfonso de Miguel-Arribas , Chengbin Sun , Carlos Gracia-Lázaro , Yamir Moreno

Online learning algorithms are widely used in strategic multi-agent settings, including repeated auctions, contract design, and pricing competitions, where agents adapt their strategies over time. A key question in such environments is how…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2025-03-07 Angelos Assos , Yuval Dagan , Nived Rajaraman

The availability of vast amounts of data is changing how we can make medical discoveries, predict global market trends, save energy, and develop educational strategies. In some settings such as Genome Wide Association Studies or deep…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2016-01-12 Pablo Azar , Shafi Goldwasser , Sunoo Park

This paper is concerned with the problem of controlling a system of constrained dynamic subsystems in a way that balances the performance degradation of decentralized control with the practical cost of centralized control. We propose a…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-01-29 Pablo R Baldivieso-Monasterios , Paul A Trodden

In this chapter the complex systems are discussed in the context of economic and business policy and decision making. It will be showed and motivated that social systems are typically chaotic, non-linear and/or non-equilibrium and therefore…

General Finance · Quantitative Finance 2015-03-20 Robert Kitt

We present a methodology to robustly estimate the competitive equilibria (CE) of combinatorial markets under the assumption that buyers do not know their precise valuations for bundles of goods, but instead can only provide noisy estimates.…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2021-01-26 Enrique Areyan Viqueira , Cyrus Cousins , Amy Greenwald