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Vision Language Models (VLMs) demonstrate promising chart comprehension capabilities. Yet, prior explorations of their visualization literacy have been limited to assessing their response correctness and fail to explore their internal…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-04-09 Lianghan Dong , Anamaria Crisan

The growing demand for dynamic, user-centric data analysis and visualization is evident across domains like healthcare, finance, and research. Traditional visualization tools often fail to meet individual user needs due to their static and…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-12-30 Pradeep Sain

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have shown impressive capabilities in image understanding and generation. However, current benchmarks fail to accurately evaluate the chart comprehension of MLLMs due to limited chart types and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-06-21 Zhengzhuo Xu , Sinan Du , Yiyan Qi , Chengjin Xu , Chun Yuan , Jian Guo

Visualization's design knowledge-effectiveness rankings, encoding guidelines, color models, preattentive processing rules -- derives from six decades of psychophysical studies of human vision. Yet vision-language models (VLMs) increasingly…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Brian Keith-Norambuena

While Large Vision-Language Models (LVLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities for reasoning and self-correction at the textual level, these strengths provide minimal benefits for complex tasks centered on visual perception, such as…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-19 Jinsong Li , Xiaoyi Dong , Yuhang Zang , Yuhang Cao , Jiaqi Wang , Dahua Lin

Recent advances in vision-language models (VLMs) have improved image captioning for cultural heritage. However, inferring structured cultural metadata (e.g., creator, origin, period) from visual input remains underexplored. We introduce a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-09 Yuechen Jiang , Enze Zhang , Md Mohsinul Kabir , Qianqian Xie , Stavroula Golfomitsou , Konstantinos Arvanitis , Sophia Ananiadou

Vision-Language Models (VLMs) have shown promise in generating plotting code from chart images, yet achieving structural fidelity remains challenging. Existing approaches largely rely on supervised fine-tuning, encouraging surface-level…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-12 Minggui He , Mingchen Dai , Jian Zhang , Yilun Liu , Shimin Tao , Pufan Zeng , Osamu Yoshie , Yuya Ieiri

Misleading visualizations are a potent driver of misinformation on social media and the web. By violating chart design principles, they distort data and lead readers to draw inaccurate conclusions. Prior work has shown that both humans and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-20 Jonathan Tonglet , Jan Zimny , Tinne Tuytelaars , Iryna Gurevych

Charts are very popular for analyzing data, visualizing key insights and answering complex reasoning questions about data. To facilitate chart-based data analysis using natural language, several downstream tasks have been introduced…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-12 Ahmed Masry , Parsa Kavehzadeh , Xuan Long Do , Enamul Hoque , Shafiq Joty

Charts play a critical role in conveying numerical data insights through structured visual representations. However, semantic visual understanding and numerical reasoning requirements hinder the accurate description of charts, interpreting…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-29 Yutong Qu , Wei Zhang

Complex chart understanding tasks demand advanced visual recognition and reasoning capabilities from multimodal large language models (MLLMs). However, current research provides limited coverage of complex chart scenarios and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-05 Duo Xu , Hao Cheng , Xin Lin , Zhen Xie , Hao Wang

Chart summarization, which focuses on extracting key information from charts and interpreting it in natural language, is crucial for generating and delivering insights through effective and accessible data analysis. Traditional methods for…

Multimedia · Computer Science 2024-12-31 Peixin Xu , Yujuan Ding , Wenqi Fan

Human reasoning relies on constructing and manipulating mental models -- simplified internal representations of situations used to understand and solve problems. Conceptual diagrams (e.g., a sketch drawn to aid reasoning) externalize these…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Nasim Borazjanizadeh , Roei Herzig , Eduard Oks , Trevor Darrell , Rogerio Feris , Leonid Karlinsky

Large language models (LLMs) have recently enabled coding agents capable of generating, executing, and revising visualization code. However, existing models often fail in practical workflows due to limited language coverage, unreliable…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-04-09 Yuansheng Ni , Songcheng Cai , Xiangchao Chen , Jiarong Liang , Zhiheng Lyu , Jiaqi Deng , Kai Zou , Ping Nie , Fei Yuan , Xiang Yue , Wenhu Chen

Chart question answering (ChartQA) tasks play a critical role in interpreting and extracting insights from visualization charts. While recent advancements in multimodal large language models (MLLMs) like GPT-4o have shown promise in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-07 Yifan Wu , Lutao Yan , Leixian Shen , Yunhai Wang , Nan Tang , Yuyu Luo

The Natural Language to Visualization (NL2Vis) task aims to transform natural-language descriptions into visual representations for a grounded table, enabling users to gain insights from vast amounts of data. Recently, many deep…

Databases · Computer Science 2024-04-29 Yang Wu , Yao Wan , Hongyu Zhang , Yulei Sui , Wucai Wei , Wei Zhao , Guandong Xu , Hai Jin

Charts play an important role in visualization, reasoning, data analysis, and the exchange of ideas among humans. However, existing vision-language models (VLMs) still lack accurate perception of details and struggle to extract fine-grained…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-04 Aniruddh Bansal , Davit Soselia , Dang Nguyen , Tianyi Zhou

As knowledge and semantics on the web grow increasingly complex, enhancing Large Language Models (LLMs)' comprehension and reasoning capabilities has become particularly important. Chain-of-Thought (CoT) prompting has been shown to enhance…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Ke Chen , Jiandian Zeng , Zihao Peng , Guo Li , Guangxue Zhang , Tian Wang

We introduce VL2NL, a Large Language Model (LLM) framework that generates rich and diverse NL datasets using only Vega-Lite specifications as input, thereby streamlining the development of Natural Language Interfaces (NLIs) for data…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-01-23 Hyung-Kwon Ko , Hyeon Jeon , Gwanmo Park , Dae Hyun Kim , Nam Wook Kim , Juho Kim , Jinwook Seo

Large language models (LLMs) show strong reasoning via chain-of-thought (CoT) prompting, but the process is opaque, which makes verification, debugging, and control difficult in high-stakes settings. We present Vis-CoT, a human-in-the-loop…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-30 Kaviraj Pather , Elena Hadjigeorgiou , Arben Krasniqi , Claire Schmit , Irina Rusu , Marc Pons , Kabir Khan