English
Related papers

Related papers: The Truthfulness Spectrum Hypothesis

200 papers

The growing demand for large language models (LLMs) with tunable reasoning capabilities in many real-world applications highlights a critical need for methods that can efficiently produce a spectrum of models balancing reasoning depth and…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Xiaochong Lan , Yu Zheng , Shiteng Cao , Yong Li

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly used as proxies for human judgment in computational social science, yet their ability to reproduce patterns of susceptibility to misinformation remains unclear. We test whether LLM-simulated…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2026-04-13 Eun Cheol Choi , Lindsay E. Young , Emilio Ferrara

Large language models (LLMs) produce outputs with varying levels of uncertainty, and, just as often, varying levels of correctness; making their practical reliability far from guaranteed. To quantify this uncertainty, we systematically…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-24 Christian Hobelsberger , Theresa Winner , Andreas Nawroth , Oliver Mitevski , Anna-Carolina Haensch

Research on Large Language Models (LLMs) increasingly focuses on identifying mechanistic explanations for their behaviors, yet the field lacks clear principles for determining when (and how) findings from one model instance generalize to…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Sean Trott

Large language models (LLMs) have been shown to possess impressive capabilities, while also raising crucial concerns about the faithfulness of their responses. A primary issue arising in this context is the management of (un)answerable…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-11-14 Aviv Slobodkin , Omer Goldman , Avi Caciularu , Ido Dagan , Shauli Ravfogel

Large language models (LLMs) are susceptible to generating inaccurate or false information, often referred to as "hallucinations" or "confabulations." While several technical advancements have been made to detect hallucinated content by…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-08-12 Hyo Jin Do , Rachel Ostrand , Werner Geyer , Keerthiram Murugesan , Dennis Wei , Justin Weisz

Large Language Models (LLMs) offer natural language explanations as an alternative to feature attribution methods for model interpretability. However, despite their plausibility, they may not reflect the model's true reasoning faithfully.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-29 Kerem Zaman , Shashank Srivastava

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated promising capabilities to generate responses that simulate consistent personality traits. Despite the major attempts to analyze personality expression through output-based evaluations, little…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-30 Tianjie Ju , Zhenyu Shao , Bowen Wang , Yujia Chen , Zhuosheng Zhang , Hao Fei , Mong-Li Lee , Wynne Hsu , Sufeng Duan , Gongshen Liu

We study whether Large Language Models (LLMs) inherently capture domain-specific nuances in natural language. Our experiments probe the domain sensitivity of LLMs by examining their ability to distinguish queries from different domains…

In recent years, fake news detection has received increasing attention in public debate and scientific research. Despite advances in detection techniques, the production and spread of false information have become more sophisticated, driven…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-27 Pietro Dell'Oglio , Alessandro Bondielli , Francesco Marcelloni , Lucia C. Passaro

Equipping a conversational search engine with strategies regarding when to ask clarification questions is becoming increasingly important across various domains. Attributing to the context understanding capability of LLMs and their access…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-04 Yue Chen , Chen Huang , Yang Deng , Wenqiang Lei , Dingnan Jin , Jia Liu , Tat-Seng Chua

Large Language Models (LLMs) have revolutionized natural language processing, yet concerns persist regarding their tendency to reflect or amplify social biases. This study introduces a novel evaluation framework to uncover gender biases in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Evan Chen , Run-Jun Zhan , Yan-Bai Lin , Hung-Hsuan Chen

Despite their impressive capabilities, large language models (LLMs) are prone to hallucinations, i.e., generating content that deviates from facts seen during pretraining. We propose a simple decoding strategy for reducing hallucinations…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-03-12 Yung-Sung Chuang , Yujia Xie , Hongyin Luo , Yoon Kim , James Glass , Pengcheng He

Do large language models (LLMs) anticipate when they will answer correctly? To study this, we extract activations after a question is read but before any tokens are generated, and train linear probes to predict whether the model's…

Large Language Models (LLMs) tend to prioritize adherence to user prompts over providing veracious responses, leading to the sycophancy issue. When challenged by users, LLMs tend to admit mistakes and provide inaccurate responses even if…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-06 Wei Chen , Zhen Huang , Liang Xie , Binbin Lin , Houqiang Li , Le Lu , Xinmei Tian , Deng Cai , Yonggang Zhang , Wenxiao Wang , Xu Shen , Jieping Ye

We posit that large language models (LLMs) should be capable of expressing their intrinsic uncertainty in natural language. For example, if the LLM is equally likely to output two contradicting answers to the same question, then its…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-09-27 Gal Yona , Roee Aharoni , Mor Geva

We study 15 large language models (LLMs) fine-tuned for chat and find that their maximum softmax probabilities (MSPs) are consistently miscalibrated on multiple-choice Q&A. However, those MSPs might still encode useful uncertainty…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-08 Benjamin Plaut , Nguyen X. Khanh , Tu Trinh

Large Language Models (LLM) have taken the front seat in most of the news since November 2022, when ChatGPT was introduced. After more than one year, one of the major reasons companies are resistant to adopting them is the limited…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-03-13 Carlo Lipizzi

Large language models (LLMs) have transformed natural language processing, achieving remarkable performance across diverse tasks. However, their impressive fluency often comes at the cost of producing false or fabricated information, a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-20 Aisha Alansari , Hamzah Luqman

There has been recent interest in whether large language models (LLMs) can introspect about their own internal states. Such abilities would make LLMs more interpretable, and also validate the use of standard introspective methods in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-25 Siyuan Song , Jennifer Hu , Kyle Mahowald