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Recent years have witnessed the fast development of large-scale pre-training frameworks that can extract multi-modal representations in a unified form and achieve promising performances when transferred to downstream tasks. Nevertheless,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-10-18 Xuran Pan , Tianzhu Ye , Dongchen Han , Shiji Song , Gao Huang

Contrastive Language-Image Pre-training (CLIP) has drawn increasing attention recently for its transferable visual representation learning. However, due to the semantic gap within datasets, CLIP's pre-trained image-text alignment becomes…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-08-11 Longtian Qiu , Renrui Zhang , Ziyu Guo , Ziyao Zeng , Zilu Guo , Yafeng Li , Guangnan Zhang

Multimodal representation learning harmonizes distinct modalities by aligning them into a unified latent space. Recent research generalizes traditional cross-modal alignment to produce enhanced multimodal synergy but requires all modalities…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-13 Xiaohao Liu , Xiaobo Xia , Jiaheng Wei , Shuo Yang , Xiu Su , See-Kiong Ng , Tat-Seng Chua

There are a thousand ways to caption an image. Contrastive Language Pretraining (CLIP) on the other hand, works by mapping an image and its caption to a single vector -- limiting how well CLIP-like models can represent the diverse ways to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-01 Samuel Lavoie , Polina Kirichenko , Mark Ibrahim , Mahmoud Assran , Andrew Gordon Wilson , Aaron Courville , Nicolas Ballas

Contrastive vision-language models (VLMs), like CLIP, have gained popularity for their versatile applicability to various downstream tasks. Despite their successes in some tasks, like zero-shot object recognition, they perform surprisingly…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-17 Simon Schrodi , David T. Hoffmann , Max Argus , Volker Fischer , Thomas Brox

Contrastive Language-Image Pretraining (CLIP) enables zero-shot inference in downstream tasks such as image-text retrieval and classification. However, recent works extending CLIP suffer from the issue of modality gap, which arises when the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-20 Na Min An , Eunki Kim , James Thorne , Hyunjung Shim

Recently, vision-language models like CLIP have advanced the state of the art in a variety of multi-modal tasks including image captioning and caption evaluation. Many approaches leverage CLIP for cross-modal retrieval to condition…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-02-11 Fabian Paischer , Markus Hofmarcher , Sepp Hochreiter , Thomas Adler

Recent advancements in foundation models, such as the Segment Anything Model (SAM), have significantly impacted medical image segmentation, especially in retinal imaging, where precise segmentation is vital for diagnosis. Despite this…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-11 Zhihao Zhao , Yinzheng Zhao , Junjie Yang , Xiangtong Yao , Quanmin Liang , Shahrooz Faghihroohi , Kai Huang , Nassir Navab , M. Ali Nasseri

CLIP (Contrastive Language-Image Pretraining) has become a popular choice for various downstream tasks. However, recent studies have questioned its ability to represent compositional concepts effectively. These works suggest that CLIP often…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Darina Koishigarina , Arnas Uselis , Seong Joon Oh

Photo search, the task of retrieving images based on textual queries, has witnessed significant advancements with the introduction of CLIP (Contrastive Language-Image Pretraining) model. CLIP leverages a vision-language pre training…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-01-25 Naresh Kumar Lahajal , Harini S

Contrastive Language-Image Pre-training (CLIP) has become a cornerstone in vision-language representation learning, powering diverse downstream tasks and serving as the default vision backbone in multimodal large language models (MLLMs).…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-29 Chuan Qin , Constantin Venhoff , Sonia Joseph , Fanyi Xiao , Stefan Scherer

Contrastive Language-Image Pre-training (CLIP) has been a celebrated method for training vision encoders to generate image/text representations facilitating various applications. Recently, CLIP has been widely adopted as the vision backbone…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-02-20 Hong-You Chen , Zhengfeng Lai , Haotian Zhang , Xinze Wang , Marcin Eichner , Keen You , Meng Cao , Bowen Zhang , Yinfei Yang , Zhe Gan

An innovative few-shot anomaly detection approach is presented, leveraging the pre-trained CLIP model for medical data, and adapting it for both image-level anomaly classification (AC) and pixel-level anomaly segmentation (AS). A…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-01 Mahshid Shiri , Cigdem Beyan , Vittorio Murino

Contrastive Language-Image Pretraining (CLIP) achieves strong generalization in vision-language tasks by aligning images and texts in a shared embedding space. However, recent findings show that CLIP-like models still underutilize…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-17 Weiheng Zhao , Zilong Huang , Jiashi Feng , Xinggang Wang

Medical image understanding plays a crucial role in enabling automated diagnosis and data-driven clinical decision support. However, its progress is impeded by two primary challenges: the limited availability of high-quality annotated…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-22 Tianchen Fang , Guiru Liu

Contrastive learning has become a standard approach for unsupervised learning from paired data, as demonstrated by CLIP for image-text matching. However, many domains involve more than two modalities and require objectives that capture…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-08 Tillmann Rheude , Stefan Hegselmann , Roland Eils , Benjamin Wild

Medical anomaly detection (MAD) and segmentation play a critical role in assisting clinical diagnosis by identifying abnormal regions in medical images and localizing pathological regions. Recent CLIP-based studies are promising for anomaly…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-19 Thuy Truong Tran , Minh Kha Do , Phuc Nguyen Duy , Min Hun Lee

Large-scale multi-modal contrastive learning frameworks like CLIP typically require a large amount of image-text samples for training. However, these samples are always collected continuously in real scenarios. This paper discusses the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-02 Zixuan Ni , Longhui Wei , Siliang Tang , Yueting Zhuang , Qi Tian

Contrastive learning has emerged as an efficient framework to learn multimodal representations. CLIP, a seminal work in this area, achieved impressive results by training on paired image-text data using the contrastive loss. Recent work…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-11-07 Enrico Fini , Pietro Astolfi , Adriana Romero-Soriano , Jakob Verbeek , Michal Drozdzal

Contrastive vision-language models like CLIP have achieved impressive results in image-text retrieval by aligning image and text representations in a shared embedding space. However, these models often treat text as flat sequences, limiting…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-11 Ruijia Wu , Ping Chen , Fei Shen , Shaoan Zhao , Qiang Hui , Huanlin Gao , Ting Lu , Zhaoxiang Liu , Fang Zhao , Kai Wang , Shiguo Lian