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Diffusion Bridge and Flow Matching have both demonstrated compelling empirical performance in transformation between arbitrary distributions. However, there remains confusion about which approach is generally preferable, and the substantial…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Kaizhen Zhu , Mokai Pan , Zhechuan Yu , Jingya Wang , Jingyi Yu , Ye Shi

The control-affine Schr\"odinger bridge concerns with a stochastic optimal control problem. Its solution is a controlled evolution of joint state probability density subject to a control-affine It\^o diffusion with a given deadline…

The classical Schrodinger bridge seeks the most likely probability law for a diffusion process, in path space, that matches marginals at two end points in time; the likelihood is quantified by the relative entropy between the sought law and…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2015-06-19 Tryphon T. Georgiou , Michele Pavon

Diffusion models are powerful generative models that map noise to data using stochastic processes. However, for many applications such as image editing, the model input comes from a distribution that is not random noise. As such, diffusion…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-12-06 Linqi Zhou , Aaron Lou , Samar Khanna , Stefano Ermon

Diffusion models (DMs) have become the dominant paradigm of generative modeling in a variety of domains by learning stochastic processes from noise to data. Recently, diffusion denoising bridge models (DDBMs), a new formulation of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-01 Guande He , Kaiwen Zheng , Jianfei Chen , Fan Bao , Jun Zhu

Diffusion models have shown great promise in data generation, yet generating time series data remains challenging due to the need to capture complex temporal dependencies and structural patterns. In this paper, we present \textit{TSGDiff},…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-18 Lifeng Shen , Xuyang Li , Lele Long

Switching dynamical systems provide a powerful, interpretable modeling framework for inference in time-series data in, e.g., the natural sciences or engineering applications. Since many areas, such as biology or discrete-event systems, are…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-09-30 Lukas Köhs , Bastian Alt , Heinz Koeppl

Spatio-temporal processes often exhibit highly heterogeneous and non-intuitive responses to localized disruptions, limiting the effectiveness of conventional message passing approaches in modeling local heterogeneity. We reformulate…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Abeer Mostafa , Raneen Younis , Zahra Ahmadi

Diffusion-based generative models have achieved promising results recently, but raise an array of open questions in terms of conceptual understanding, theoretical analysis, algorithm improvement and extensions to discrete, structured,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-09-01 Xingchao Liu , Lemeng Wu , Mao Ye , Qiang Liu

Time series generation focuses on modeling the underlying data distribution and resampling to produce authentic time series data. Key components, such as trend and seasonality, drive temporal fluctuations, yet many existing approaches fail…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-04 Zixuan Ma , Chenfeng Huang

Recent innovations in diffusion probabilistic models have paved the way for significant progress in image, text and audio generation, leading to their applications in generative time series forecasting. However, leveraging such abilities to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-07 Yuansan Liu , Sudanthi Wijewickrema , Dongting Hu , Christofer Bester , Stephen O'Leary , James Bailey

Understanding the continuous evolution of populations from discrete temporal snapshots is a critical research challenge, particularly in fields like developmental biology and systems medicine where longitudinal tracking of individual…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-10-21 Byoungwoo Park , Juho Lee

Modeling the dynamics from sparsely time-resolved snapshot data is crucial for understanding complex cellular processes and behavior. Existing methods leverage optimal transport, Schr\"odinger bridge theory, or their variants to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-28 Zhenyi Zhang , Zihan Wang , Yuhao Sun , Tiejun Li , Peijie Zhou

In 1931/32, Schroedinger studied a hot gas Gedankenexperiment, an instance of large deviations of the empirical distribution and an early example of the so-called maximum entropy inference method. This so-called Schroedinger bridge problem…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2020-11-30 Yongxin Chen , Tryphon T. Georgiou , Michele Pavon

Long-range human movement generation remains a central challenge in computer vision and graphics. Generating coherent transitions across semantically distinct motion domains remains largely unexplored. This capability is particularly…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-07 Haichao Wang , Alexander Okupnik , Yuxing Han , Gene Wen , Johannes Schneider , Kyriakos Flouris

The problem of reconciling a prior probability law on paths with data was introduced by E. Schr\"odinger in 1931/32. It represents an early formulation of a maximum likelihood problem. This specific formulation can also be seen as the…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-12-13 Asmaa Eldesoukey , Tryphon T. Georgiou

This short paper announces the main results of \cite{SBB2026}, where the Schr\"odinger--Bass Bridge (SBB) problem is introduced and studied in full generality. Here we provide a direct PDE derivation of the SBB system in dimension one,…

The Schr\"odinger bridge problem (SBP) finds the most likely stochastic evolution between two probability distributions given a prior stochastic evolution. As well as applications in the natural sciences, problems of this kind have…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2022-05-31 Francisco Vargas , Pierre Thodoroff , Neil D. Lawrence , Austen Lamacraft

We propose a novel diffusion-based generative framework for financial time series that incorporates geometric Brownian motion (GBM), the foundation of the Black--Scholes theory, into the forward noising process. Unlike standard score-based…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-28 Gihun Kim , Sun-Yong Choi , Yeoneung Kim

We take a new look at the relation between the optimal transport problem and the Schr\"{o}dinger bridge problem from the stochastic control perspective. We show that the connections are richer and deeper than described in existing…

Systems and Control · Computer Science 2014-12-16 Yongxin Chen , Tryphon Georgiou , Michele Pavon