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As autonomous vehicles and advanced driving assistance systems have entered wider deployment, there is an increased interest in building robust perception systems using radars. Radar-based systems are lower cost and more robust to adverse…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-12-14 Bo Yang , Ishan Khatri , Michael Happold , Chulong Chen

LiDAR sensors are used in autonomous driving applications to accurately perceive the environment. However, they are affected by adverse weather conditions such as snow, fog, and rain. These everyday phenomena introduce unwanted noise into…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-10-06 Aldi Piroli , Vinzenz Dallabetta , Johannes Kopp , Marc Walessa , Daniel Meissner , Klaus Dietmayer

Object detection using automotive radars has not been explored with deep learning models in comparison to the camera based approaches. This can be attributed to the lack of public radar datasets. In this paper, we collect a novel radar…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-05-04 Ao Zhang , Farzan Erlik Nowruzi , Robert Laganiere

In the realm of deploying Machine Learning-based Advanced Driver Assistance Systems (ML-ADAS) into real-world scenarios, adverse weather conditions pose a significant challenge. Conventional ML models trained on clear weather data falter…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-04 Muhammad Zaeem Shahzad , Muhammad Abdullah Hanif , Muhammad Shafique

Adverse conditions like snow, rain, nighttime, and fog, pose challenges for autonomous driving perception systems. Existing methods have limited effectiveness in improving essential computer vision tasks, such as semantic segmentation, and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-17 Chenghao Qian , Mahdi Rezaei , Saeed Anwar , Wenjing Li , Tanveer Hussain , Mohsen Azarmi , Wei Wang

4D radar-based object detection has garnered great attention for its robustness in adverse weather conditions and capacity to deliver rich spatial information across diverse driving scenarios. Nevertheless, the sparse and noisy nature of 4D…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-20 Fuyang Liu , Jilin Mei , Fangyuan Mao , Chen Min , Yan Xing , Yu Hu

Reliable and weather-robust perception systems are essential for safe autonomous driving and typically employ multi-modal sensor configurations to achieve comprehensive environmental awareness. While recent automotive FMCW Radar-based…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-10 Christof Leitgeb , Thomas Puchleitner , Max Peter Ronecker , Daniel Watzenig

Object detection in camera images, using deep learning has been proven successfully in recent years. Rising detection rates and computationally efficient network structures are pushing this technique towards application in production…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-05-18 Felix Nobis , Maximilian Geisslinger , Markus Weber , Johannes Betz , Markus Lienkamp

4D mmWave radar provides weather-robust, velocity-aware measurements and is more cost-effective than LiDAR. However, radar-only 3D detection still trails LiDAR-based systems because radar point clouds are sparse, irregular, and often…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-02-17 Yichun Xiao , Runwei Guan , Fangqiang Ding

Pervasive sensing in industrial and underground environments is severely constrained by airborne dust, smoke, confined geometry, and metallic structures, which rapidly degrade optical and LiDAR based perception. Elevation resolved 4D mmWave…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Zhenan Liu , Amir Khajepour , George Shaker

Depth estimation, essential for autonomous driving, seeks to interpret the 3D environment surrounding vehicles. The development of radar sensors, known for their cost-efficiency and robustness, has spurred interest in radar-camera…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-19 Huawei Sun , Zixu Wang , Hao Feng , Julius Ott , Lorenzo Servadei , Robert Wille

4D radar measurements offer an affordable and weather-robust solution for 3D perception. However, the inherent sparsity and noise of radar point clouds present significant challenges for accurate 3D object detection, underscoring the need…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-25 Xiaokai Bai , Jiahao Cheng , Songkai Wang , Yixuan Luo , Lianqing Zheng , Xiaohan Zhang , Si-Yuan Cao , Hui-Liang Shen

Deep neural networks offer an alternative paradigm for modeling weather conditions. The ability of neural models to make a prediction in less than a second once the data is available and to do so with very high temporal and spatial…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2023-07-07 Marcin Andrychowicz , Lasse Espeholt , Di Li , Samier Merchant , Alexander Merose , Fred Zyda , Shreya Agrawal , Nal Kalchbrenner

Robust 3D object detection is critical for safe autonomous driving. Camera and radar sensors are synergistic as they capture complementary information and work well under different environmental conditions. Fusing camera and radar data is…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-10-19 Jyh-Jing Hwang , Henrik Kretzschmar , Joshua Manela , Sean Rafferty , Nicholas Armstrong-Crews , Tiffany Chen , Dragomir Anguelov

RT-DETRs have shown strong performance across various computer vision tasks but are known to degrade under challenging weather conditions such as fog. In this work, we investigate three novel approaches to enhance RT-DETR robustness in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-16 Soheil Gharatappeh , Salimeh Sekeh , Vikas Dhiman

Automotive radar systems have evolved to provide not only range, azimuth and Doppler velocity, but also elevation data. This additional dimension allows for the representation of 4D radar as a 3D point cloud. As a result, existing deep…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-08-12 Alexander Musiat , Laurenz Reichardt , Michael Schulze , Oliver Wasenmüller

Accurate 3D object detection is vital for automated driving. While lidar sensors are well suited for this task, they are expensive and have limitations in adverse weather conditions. 3+1D imaging radar sensors offer a cost-effective, robust…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-09-10 Patrick Palmer , Martin Krüger , Stefan Schütte , Richard Altendorfer , Ganesh Adam , Torsten Bertram

Climate models (CM) are used to evaluate the impact of climate change on the risk of floods and strong precipitation events. However, these numerical simulators have difficulties representing precipitation events accurately, mainly due to…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2021-02-15 Rilwan Adewoyin , Peter Dueben , Peter Watson , Yulan He , Ritabrata Dutta

We present RoarNet, a new approach for 3D object detection from a 2D image and 3D Lidar point clouds. Based on two-stage object detection framework with PointNet as our backbone network, we suggest several novel ideas to improve 3D object…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-11-12 Kiwoo Shin , Youngwook Paul Kwon , Masayoshi Tomizuka

LiDAR-based 3D object detection models have traditionally struggled under rainy conditions due to the degraded and noisy scanning signals. Previous research has attempted to address this by simulating the noise from rain to improve the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-02-29 Xun Huang , Hai Wu , Xin Li , Xiaoliang Fan , Chenglu Wen , Cheng Wang