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Masked pre-training removes random input dimensions and learns a model that can predict the missing values. Empirical results indicate that this intuitive form of self-supervised learning yields models that generalize very well to new…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-06-02 Pablo Moreno-Muñoz , Pol G. Recasens , Søren Hauberg

This report outlines an approach to learning generative models from data. We express models as probabilistic programs, which allows us to capture abstract patterns within the examples. By choosing our language for programs to be an…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2011-10-27 Irvin Hwang , Andreas Stuhlmüller , Noah D. Goodman

In order for reinforcement learning techniques to be useful in real-world decision making processes, they must be able to produce robust performance from limited data. Deep policy optimization methods have achieved impressive results on…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-12-22 James Queeney , Ioannis Ch. Paschalidis , Christos G. Cassandras

Unsupervised and self-supervised learning approaches have become a crucial tool to learn representations for downstream prediction tasks. While these approaches are widely used in practice and achieve impressive empirical gains, their…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-10-23 Siddhant Garg , Yingyu Liang

Masked language modeling is widely used for pretraining large language models for natural language understanding (NLU). However, random masking is suboptimal, allocating an equal masking rate for all tokens. In this paper, we propose…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-10-24 Nafis Sadeq , Canwen Xu , Julian McAuley

The lexical acquisition system presented in this paper incrementally updates linguistic properties of unknown words inferred from their surrounding context by parsing sentences with an HPSG grammar for German. We employ a gradual,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2007-05-23 Petra Barg , Markus Walther

In real-world scenarios, the observation data for reinforcement learning with continuous control is commonly noisy and part of it may be dynamically missing over time, which violates the assumption of many current methods developed for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-02-18 Yuhui Wang , Hao He , Xiaoyang Tan

The generalization gap in reinforcement learning (RL) has been a significant obstacle that prevents the RL agent from learning general skills and adapting to varying environments. Increasing the generalization capacity of the RL systems can…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-12-06 Hanping Zhang , Yuhong Guo

In this work we formulate and treat an extension of the Imitation from Observations problem. Imitation from Observations is a generalisation of the well-known Imitation Learning problem where state-only demonstrations are considered. In our…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-10-11 Tom Lefebvre

Learning generalizable skills in robotic manipulation has long been challenging due to real-world sized observation and action spaces. One method for addressing this problem is attention focus -- the robot learns where to attend its sensors…

Robotics · Computer Science 2020-03-05 Marcus Gualtieri , Robert Platt

Abstraction is the process of extracting the essential features from raw data while ignoring irrelevant details. It is well known that abstraction emerges with depth in neural networks, where deep layers capture abstract characteristics of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-04 Carlo Orientale Caputo , Elias Seiffert , Enrico Frausin , Matteo Marsili

Offline reinforcement learning enables learning from a fixed dataset, without further interactions with the environment. The lack of environmental interactions makes the policy training vulnerable to state-action pairs far from the training…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2022-10-11 Shentao Yang , Zhendong Wang , Huangjie Zheng , Yihao Feng , Mingyuan Zhou

In reinforcement learning algorithms, leveraging multiple views of the environment can improve the learning of complicated policies. In multi-view environments, due to the fact that the views may frequently suffer from partial…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-07-24 Elaheh Barati , Xuewen Chen

Most successful information extraction systems operate with access to a large collection of documents. In this work, we explore the task of acquiring and incorporating external evidence to improve extraction accuracy in domains where the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2016-09-29 Karthik Narasimhan , Adam Yala , Regina Barzilay

There has recently been significant interest in training reinforcement learning (RL) agents in vision-based environments. This poses many challenges, such as high dimensionality and the potential for observational overfitting through…

Covert planning refers to a class of constrained planning problems where an agent aims to accomplish a task with minimal information leaked to a passive observer to avoid detection. However, existing methods of covert planning often…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2023-11-02 Haoxiang Ma , Chongyang Shi , Shuo Han , Michael R. Dorothy , Jie Fu

Many manipulation tasks require memory beyond the current observation, yet most visuomotor policies rely on the Markov assumption and thus struggle with repeated states or long-horizon dependencies. Existing methods attempt to extend…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Jingjing Chen , Hongjie Fang , Chenxi Wang , Shiquan Wang , Cewu Lu

In applications of offline reinforcement learning to observational data, such as in healthcare or education, a general concern is that observed actions might be affected by unobserved factors, inducing confounding and biasing estimates…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-03-24 Andrew Bennett , Nathan Kallus

Model checking of multi-agent systems (MAS) is known to be hard, both theoretically and in practice. A smart abstraction of the state space may significantly reduce the model, and facilitate the verification. In this paper, we propose and…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2023-10-19 Wojciech Jamroga , Yan Kim

Natural language processing models tend to learn and encode social biases present in the data. One popular approach for addressing such biases is to eliminate encoded information from the model's representations. However, current methods…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-18 Shadi Iskander , Kira Radinsky , Yonatan Belinkov