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ODRL's six set-based operators -- isA, isPartOf, hasPart, isAnyOf, isAllOf, isNoneOf -- depend on external domain knowledge that the W3C specification leaves unspecified. Without it, every cross-dataspace policy comparison defaults to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-24 Daham Mustafa , Diego Collarana , Yixin Peng , Rafiqul Haque , Christoph Lange-Bever , Christoph Quix , Stephan Decker

The ODRL language has become the standard for representing policies and regulations for digital rights. However its complexity is a barrier to its usage, which has caused many related theoretical and practical works to focus on different,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-16 Jaime Osvaldo Salas , Paolo Pareti , George Konstantinidis

We consider the problem of evaluating, and comparing computational policies in the Open Digital Rights Language (ODRL), which has become the de facto standard for governing the access and usage of digital resources. Although preliminary…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-09-09 Jaime Osvaldo Salas , Paolo Pareti , Semih Yumuşak , Soulmaz Gheisari , Luis-Daniel Ibáñez , George Konstantinidis

The Open Digital Rights Language (ODRL) is a pivotal standard for automating data rights management. However, the inherent logical complexity of authorization policies, combined with the scarcity of high-quality "Natural Language-to-ODRL"…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2025-12-02 Wanle Zhong , Keman Huang , Xiaoyong Du

From centralised platforms to decentralised ecosystems, like Data Spaces, sharing data has become a paramount challenge. For this reason, the definition of data usage policies has become crucial in these domains, highlighting the necessity…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-09-27 Andrea Cimmino , Juan Cano-Benito , Raúl García-Castro

Accurately aligning contextual representations in cross-lingual sentence embeddings is key for effective parallel data mining. A common strategy for achieving this alignment involves disentangling semantics and language in sentence…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-03 Dayeon Ki , Cheonbok Park , Hyunjoong Kim

Large language model (LLM) alignment faces a critical dilemma when addressing multiple human preferences: improvements in one dimension frequently come at the expense of others, creating unavoidable trade-offs between competing objectives…

The value alignment problem for artificial intelligence (AI) is often framed as a purely technical or normative challenge, sometimes focused on hypothetical future systems. I argue that the problem is better understood as a structural…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2026-04-23 Travis LaCroix

Conflict detection in policy languages is a solved problem -- as long as every rule condition is a crisp Boolean predicate. BDDs, SMT solvers, and NetKAT all exploit that assumption. But a growing class of routing and access-control systems…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-20 Xunzhuo Liu , Hao Wu , Huamin Chen , Bowei He , Xue Liu

ODRL is a popular XML-based language for stating the conditions under which resources can be accessed legitimately. The language is described in English and, as a result, agreements written in ODRL are open to interpretation. To address…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2007-05-23 Riccardo Pucella , Vicky Weissman

Deep Reinforcement Learning (DRL) is widely recognized as sample-inefficient, a limitation attributable in part to the high dimensionality and substantial functional redundancy inherent to the policy parameter space. A recent framework,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-03 Andrea Fraschini , Davide Tenedini , Riccardo Zamboni , Mirco Mutti , Marcello Restelli

This paper defines a constraint-based model dedicated to multidimensional databases. The model we define represents data through a constellation of facts (subjects of analyse) associated to dimensions (axis of analyse), which are possibly…

Databases · Computer Science 2010-05-20 Faiza Ghozzi , Franck Ravat , Olivier Teste , Gilles Zurfluh

Offline meta-reinforcement learning (OMRL) proficiently allows an agent to tackle novel tasks while solely relying on a static dataset. For precise and efficient task identification, existing OMRL research suggests learning separate task…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-13 Chengxing Jia , Fuxiang Zhang , Yi-Chen Li , Chen-Xiao Gao , Xu-Hui Liu , Lei Yuan , Zongzhang Zhang , Yang Yu

Many languages and algebras have been proposed in recent years for the specification of authorization policies. For some proposals, such as XACML, the main motivation is to address real-world requirements, typically by providing a complex…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2011-11-28 Jason Crampton , Charles Morisset

We consider off-dynamics reinforcement learning (RL) where one needs to transfer policies across different domains with dynamics mismatch. Despite the focus on developing dynamics-aware algorithms, this field is hindered due to the lack of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-29 Jiafei Lyu , Kang Xu , Jiacheng Xu , Mengbei Yan , Jingwen Yang , Zongzhang Zhang , Chenjia Bai , Zongqing Lu , Xiu Li

Ontologies are traditionally expressed in the Web Ontology Language (OWL), that provides a syntax for expressing taxonomies with axioms regulating class membership. The semantics of OWL, based on Description Logic (DL), allows for the use…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2023-09-07 Veronika Heimsbakk , Kristian Torkelsen

Comprehending natural language and following human instructions are critical capabilities for intelligent agents. However, the flexibility of linguistic instructions induces substantial ambiguity across language-conditioned tasks, severely…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-24 Runpeng Xie , Quanwei Wang , Hao Hu , Zherui Zhou , Ni Mu , Xiyun Li , Yiqin Yang , Shuang Xu , Qianchuan Zhao , Bo XU

Conditional representation learning aims to extract criterion-specific features for customized tasks. Recent studies project universal features onto the conditional feature subspace spanned by an LLM-generated text basis to obtain…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-06 Jiaquan Wang , Yan Lyu , Chen Li , Yuheng Jia

Authentication is a task aiming to confirm the truth between data instances and personal identities. Typical authentication applications include face recognition, person re-identification, authentication based on mobile devices and so on.…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2019-05-29 Jian Liang , Yuren Cao , Chenbin Zhang , Shiyu Chang , Kun Bai , Zenglin Xu

The Object Constraint Language (OCL) has been widely used in the modeling community to complement software models for precisely defining constraints and business rules for the modeled systems. There is a limited number of tools supporting…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-03-04 Fitash Ul Haq , Jordi Cabot
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