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Radio pulses emitted in the atmosphere during the air shower development of high-energy primary cosmic rays were measured during the late 1960ies in the frequency range from 2 MHz to 520 MHz. Mainly due to difficulties with radio…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 LOPES Collaboration , A. Horneffer

Radio detection of inclined air showers currently receives special attention. It can be performed with very sparse antenna arrays and yields a pure measurement of the electromagnetic air-shower component, thus delivering information that is…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2019-09-02 Tim Huege , Felix Schlueter , Lukas Brenk

Data from radio interferometers provide a substantial challenge for statisticians. It is incomplete, noise-dominated and originates from a non-trivial measurement process. The signal is not only corrupted by imperfect measurement devices…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2020-11-11 Philipp Arras , Jakob Knollmüller , Henrik Junklewitz , Torsten A. Enßlin

Radio emission from air showers enables measurements of cosmic particle kinematics and identity. The radio signals are detected in broadband Megahertz antennas among continuous background noise. We present two deep learning concepts and…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2019-05-22 M. Erdmann , F. Schlueter , R. Smida

The LOw-Frequency ARray (LOFAR) is used to make precise measurements of radio emission from extensive air showers, yielding information about the primary cosmic ray. Interpreting the measured data requires an absolute and…

High-energy cosmic rays impinging onto the atmosphere of the Earth initiate extensive air showers. With the LOFAR radio telescope and the Auger Engineering Radio Array (AERA) at the Pierre Auger Observatory radio emission from air showers…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2019-08-15 Jörg R. Hörandel

The composition of ultra-high energy cosmic rays is still poorly known and constitutes a very important topic in the field of high-energy astrophysics. Detection of ultra-high energy cosmic rays is carried out via the extensive air showers…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2018-08-23 F. Gaté , B. Revenu , D. García-Fernández , V. Marin , R. Dallier , A. Escudié , L. Martin

The surface detector of the Pierre Auger Observatory has recently been upgraded with the addition of radio antennas, forming the radio detector (RD). This contribution outlines the standard methods for reconstructing extensive air showers…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2025-07-22 Simon Strähnz

LOFAR is a new form of radio telescope which can detect radio emission from air showers induced by very high-energy cosmic rays. It can also look for radio emission from particle cascades on the Moon induced by ultra high-energy cosmic rays…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-27 S. Thoudam , G. v. Aar , M. v. d. Akker , L. Bähren , A. Corstanje , H. Falcke , J. R. Hörandel , A. Horneffer , C. James , M. Mevius , O. Scholten , K. Singh , S. ter Veen

Radio detection of extensive air showers enables near-continuous observation and precise measurements of the shower geometry and the depth of shower maximum, $X_{\rm max}$. Beyond $X_{\rm max}$, the longitudinal shower development follows a…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2026-05-18 J. Alvarez-Muñiz , W. R. Carvalho , R. Conceição , D. Dias

Interferometric measurements with arrays of radio antennas are a powerful and widely used technique in astronomy. Recently, this technique has been revisited for the reconstruction of extensive air showers [1]. This radio-interferometric…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2022-12-16 Felix Schlüter , Tim Huege

Bayesian statistical inference is a powerful tool for model-data comparisons and extractions of physical parameters that are often unknown functions of system variables. Existing Bayesian analyses often rely on explicit parametrizations of…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2023-08-09 Man Xie , Weiyao Ke , Hanzhong Zhang , Xin-Nian Wang

Radio detection of inclined air showers is currently receiving great attention. To exploit the potential, a suitable event reconstruction needs to be developed. The first step in this direction is the development of a model for the lateral…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2019-10-23 Tim Huege , Lukas Brenk , Felix Schlüter

The LOFAR radio telescope is able to measure the radio emission from cosmic ray induced air showers with hundreds of individual antennas. This allows for precision testing of the emission mechanisms for the radio signal as well as…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2019-05-22 T Winchen , A Bonardi , S Buitink , A Corstanje , H Falcke , B M Hare , J R Hörandel , P Mitra , K Mulrey , A Nelles , J P Rachen , L Rossetto , P Schellart , O Scholten , S ter Veen , S Thoudam , T N G Trinh

Modern radio interferometers deliver large volumes of data containing high-sensitivity sky maps over wide fields-of-view. These large area observations can contain various and superposed structures such as point sources, extended objects,…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2025-12-05 Richard Fuchs , Jakob Knollmüller , Jakob Roth , Vincent Eberle , Philipp Frank , Torsten A. Enßlin , Lukas Heinrich

Detection of the mostly geomagnetically generated radio emission of cosmic-ray air showers provides an alternative to air-Cherenkov and air-fluorescence detection, since it is not limited to clear nights. Like these established methods, the…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2017-01-20 Frank G. Schröder

LOPES is a digital antenna array at the Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Germany, for cosmic-ray air-shower measurements. Triggered by the co-located KASCADE-Grande air-shower array, LOPES detects the radio emission of air showers via…

The preparation of the next-generation of large-scale radio experiments requires running a large number of simulations to explore multiple detector configurations over vast areas and develop novel methods for the reconstruction of air…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2026-03-19 Simon Chiche , Olivier Martineau-Huynh , Matias Tueros , Krijn D. de Vries

We present a novel Bayesian method for the joint reconstruction of cosmological matter density fields, peculiar velocities and power-spectra in the quasi-nonlinear regime. We study its applicability to the Ly-alpha forest based on multiple…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-20 Francisco-Shu Kitaura , Simona Gallerani , Andrea Ferrara