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One approach for improving sample efficiency in cooperative multi-agent learning is to decompose overall tasks into sub-tasks that can be assigned to individual agents. We study this problem in the context of reward machines: symbolic tasks…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2025-02-20 Ameesh Shah , Niklas Lauffer , Thomas Chen , Nikhil Pitta , Sanjit A. Seshia

We propose a new approach to solving dynamic decision problems with rewards that are unbounded below. The approach involves transforming the Bellman equation in order to convert an unbounded problem into a bounded one. The major advantage…

Theoretical Economics · Economics 2019-12-02 Qingyin Ma , John Stachurski

This paper considers optimal control of dynamical systems which are represented by nonlinear stochastic differential equations. It is well-known that the optimal control policy for this problem can be obtained as a function of a value…

Robotics · Computer Science 2014-05-30 Oktay Arslan , Evangelos Theodorou , Panagiotis Tsiotras

In real-world decision-making problems, for instance in the fields of finance, robotics or autonomous driving, keeping uncertainty under control is as important as maximizing expected returns. Risk aversion has been addressed in the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-12-09 Lorenzo Bisi , Luca Sabbioni , Edoardo Vittori , Matteo Papini , Marcello Restelli

Autonomous driving has attracted great interest due to its potential capability in full-unsupervised driving. Model-based and learning-based methods are widely used in autonomous driving. Model-based methods rely on pre-defined models of…

Generating time-optimal, collision-free trajectories for autonomous mobile robots involves a fundamental trade-off between guaranteeing safety and managing computational complexity. State-of-the-art approaches formulate spline-based motion…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-03-26 Dries Dirckx , Jan Swevers , Wilm Decré

Improving the multi-step reasoning ability of large language models (LLMs) with offline reinforcement learning (RL) is essential for quickly adapting them to complex tasks. While Direct Preference Optimization (DPO) has shown promise in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-30 Huaijie Wang , Shibo Hao , Hanze Dong , Shenao Zhang , Yilin Bao , Ziran Yang , Yi Wu

Representation learning is critical to the empirical and theoretical success of reinforcement learning. However, many existing methods are induced from model-learning aspects, misaligning them with the RL task in hand. This work introduces…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Ofir Nabati , Bo Dai , Shie Mannor , Guy Tennenholtz

In this paper, we present a novel maximum entropy formulation of the Differential Dynamic Programming algorithm and derive two variants using unimodal and multimodal value functions parameterizations. By combining the maximum entropy…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2022-03-01 Oswin So , Ziyi Wang , Evangelos A. Theodorou

Real-world autonomous systems operate under uncertainty about both their pose and dynamics. Autonomous control systems must simultaneously perform estimation and control tasks to maintain robustness to changing dynamics or modeling errors.…

Systems and Control · Computer Science 2018-08-03 Patrick Slade , Zachary N. Sunberg , Mykel J. Kochenderfer

Ensuring safety is important for the practical deployment of reinforcement learning (RL). Various challenges must be addressed, such as handling stochasticity in the environments, providing rigorous guarantees of persistent state-wise…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-09-26 Milan Ganai , Zheng Gong , Chenning Yu , Sylvia Herbert , Sicun Gao

We consider non-standard Markov Decision Processes (MDPs) where the target function is not only a simple expectation of the accumulated reward. Instead, we consider rather general functionals of the joint distribution of terminal state and…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-10-16 Nicole Bäuerle , Tamara Göll , Anna Jaśkiewicz

Safety is a critical component of autonomous systems and remains a challenge for learning-based policies to be utilized in the real world. In particular, policies learned using reinforcement learning often fail to generalize to novel…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-04-04 Kai-Chieh Hsu , Allen Z. Ren , Duy Phuong Nguyen , Anirudha Majumdar , Jaime F. Fisac

The ability to compose learned skills to solve new tasks is an important property of lifelong-learning agents. In this work, we formalise the logical composition of tasks as a Boolean algebra. This allows us to formulate new tasks in terms…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-10-16 Geraud Nangue Tasse , Steven James , Benjamin Rosman

Interaction effects are often economically central in environments where structural dynamic estimation becomes computationally infeasible. Under fixed group membership and sparse within-group interaction structure, the Bellman operator…

Econometrics · Economics 2026-05-07 L. Kaili Diamond , Ben Gilbert

Adjustable hyperparameters of machine learning models typically impact various key trade-offs such as accuracy, fairness, robustness, or inference cost. Our goal in this paper is to find a configuration that adheres to user-specified limits…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-05 Bracha Laufer-Goldshtein , Adam Fisch , Regina Barzilay , Tommi Jaakkola

Reinforcement learning (RL) algorithms assume that users specify tasks by manually writing down a reward function. However, this process can be laborious and demands considerable technical expertise. Can we devise RL algorithms that instead…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-01-03 Benjamin Eysenbach , Sergey Levine , Ruslan Salakhutdinov

Existing Bayesian Optimization (BO) methods typically balance exploration and exploitation to optimize costly objective functions. However, these methods often suffer from a significant one-step bias, which may lead to convergence towards…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-23 Ruiyao Miao , Junren Xiao , Shiya Tsang , Hui Xiong , Yingnian Wu

Many AI problems, in robotics and other domains, are goal-based, essentially seeking trajectories leading to various goal states. Reinforcement learning (RL), building on Bellman's optimality equation, naturally optimizes for a single goal,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2020-12-22 Tom Jurgenson , Or Avner , Edward Groshev , Aviv Tamar

Recent results in the study of the Hamilton Jacobi Bellman (HJB) equation have led to the discovery of a formulation of the value function as a linear Partial Differential Equation (PDE) for stochastic nonlinear systems with a mild…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2014-02-13 Matanya B. Horowitz , Joel W. Burdick