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Approximate Bayesian computation (ABC) has gained popularity in recent years owing to its easy implementation, nice interpretation and good performance. Its advantages are more visible when one encounters complex models where maximum…

The generalized covariant entropy bound is the conjecture that the entropy of the matter present on any non-expanding null hypersurface L will not exceed the difference between the areas, in Planck units, of the initial and final spatial…

We provide optimal upper bounds on the growth of iterated sumsets $hA=A+\dots+A$ for finite subsets $A$ of abelian semigroups. More precisely, we show that the new upper bounds recently derived from Macaulay's theorem in commutative algebra…

Let $n$ be a natural number greater than $2$ and $q$ be the smallest prime dividing $n$. We show that a finite subset $A$ of rationals, of cardinality at most $q$, contains a $n^{th}$ power in $\mathbb{Q}_{p}$ for almost every prime $p$ if…

Let $A_{\pi}(n,1)$ be the $(n,1)$-th Fourier coefficient of the Hecke-Maass cusp form $\pi$ for $\rm SL_3(\mathbb{Z})$ and $ \omega(x)$ be a smooth compactly supported function. In this paper, we prove a nontrivial upper bound for the sum…

Domain walls in strongly coupled gauge theories are discussed. A general mechanism is suggested automatically leading to massless gauge bosons localized on the wall. In one of the models considered, outside the wall the theory is in the…

We provide a primal-dual framework for randomized approximation algorithms utilizing semidefinite programming (SDP) relaxations. Our framework pairs a continuum of APX-complete problems including MaxCut, Max2Sat, MaxDicut, and more…

We present a novel conjecture concerning the additive representation of natural numbers using prime powers. Based on extensive computational verification, we conjecture that every integer n > 23 can be expressed as a sum of at most five…

We show that $\mathsf{PFA}$ (Proper Forcing Axiom) implies that adding any number of Cohen subsets of $\omega$ will not add an $\omega_2$-Aronszajn tree or a weak $\omega_1$-Kurepa tree, and moreover no $\sigma$-centered forcing can add a…

Solutions to many partial differential equations satisfy certain bounds or constraints. For example, the density and pressure are positive for equations of fluid dynamics, and in the relativistic case the fluid velocity is upper bounded by…

Let $p$ and $q$ be arbitrary positive numbers. It is shown that if $q < p$, then all solutions to the difference equation \tag{E} x_{n+1} = \frac{p+q x_n}{1+x_{n-1}}, \quad n=0,1,2,..., \quad x_{-1}>0, x_0>0 converge to the positive…

We prove that for any prime $p>2$, $q=p^\nu$ a power of $p$, $n\ge p$ and $G=S_n$ or $G=A_n$ (symmetric or alternating group) there exists a Galois extension $K/\mathbb F_q(T)$ ramified only over $\infty$ with $\mathrm{Gal}(K/\mathbb…

Gerard and Washington proved that, for $k > -1$, the number of primes less than $x^{k+1}$ can be well approximated by summing the $k$-th powers of all primes up to $x$. We extend this result to primes in arithmetic progressions: we prove…

We consider a class of abstract second order evolution equations with a restoring force that is strictly superlinear at infinity with respect to the position, and a dissipation mechanism that is strictly superlinear at infinity with respect…

It was recently shown that charged AdS boson stars can reproduce the universal structure of the lowest scaling dimension in the subsector of a CFT with fixed large global $U(1)$ charge $Q$. Using the model consisting of Einstein-Maxwell…

We present two fast constructions of weak*-copies of $\ell ^\infty$ in $H^{\infty}$ and show that such copies are necessarily weak*-complemented. Moreover, via a Paley-Wiener type of stability theorem for bases, a connection can be made in…

We investigate the simplest quintessence dissipative dark matter attractor cosmology characterized by a constant quintessence baryotropic index and a power--law expansion. We show a class of accelerated coincidence--solving attractor…

Let $G$ be a finite abelian group, let $0 < \alpha < 1$, and let $A \subseteq G$ be a random set of size $|G|^\alpha$. We let $$ \mu(A) = \max_{B,C:|B|=|C|=|A|}|\{(a,b,c) \in A \times B \times C : a = b + c \}|. $$ The issue is to determine…

We introduce a condition on accretive matrix functions, called $p$-ellipticity, and discuss its applications to the $L^p$ theory of elliptic PDE with complex coefficients. Our examples are: (i) generalized convexity of power functions…

This article is devoted to the study of the following semilinear equation with measure data which originates in the gravitational Maxwell gauged $O(3)$ sigma model, $$-\Delta u + A_0(\prod^k_{j=1}|x-p_j|^{2n_j} )^{-a}…