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Stochastic gradient descent (SGD) is a premium optimization method for training neural networks, especially for learning objectively defined labels such as image objects and events. When a neural network is instead faced with subjectively…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2022-04-15 Kosmas Pinitas , Konstantinos Makantasis , Antonios Liapis , Georgios N. Yannakakis

The performance of gradient-based optimization methods, such as standard gradient descent (GD), greatly depends on the choice of learning rate. However, it can require a non-trivial amount of user tuning effort to select an appropriate…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-14 Nikola Surjanovic , Alexandre Bouchard-Côté , Trevor Campbell

This paper studies distributed nonconvex optimization problems with stochastic gradients for a multi-agent system, in which each agent aims to minimize the sum of all agents' cost functions by using local compressed information exchange. We…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-03-05 Antai Xie , Xinlei Yi , Xiaofan Wang , Ming Cao , Xiaoqiang Ren

Stochastic Gradient Descent (SGD) and its variants underpin modern machine learning by enabling efficient optimization of large-scale models. However, their local search nature limits exploration in complex landscapes. In this paper, we…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-07-22 Sirui Peng , Shengminjie Chen , Xiaoming Sun , Hongyi Zhou

Convergence detection of iterative stochastic optimization methods is of great practical interest. This paper considers stochastic gradient descent (SGD) with a constant learning rate and momentum. We show that there exists a transient…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-08-28 Jerry Chee , Ping Li

We present a theoretical analysis of some popular adaptive Stochastic Gradient Descent (SGD) methods in the small learning rate regime. Using the stochastic modified equations framework introduced by Li et al., we derive effective…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-09-29 Luca Callisti , Marco Romito , Francesco Triggiano

Stochastic Gradient Descent (SGD) is one of the most popular algorithms in statistical and machine learning due to its computational and memory efficiency. Various averaging schemes have been proposed to accelerate the convergence of SGD in…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-04-08 Ziyang Wei , Wanrong Zhu , Wei Biao Wu

Stochastic gradient descent (SGD) is one of the most widely used optimization methods for solving various machine learning problems. SGD solves an optimization problem by iteratively sampling a few data points from the input data, computing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-11-18 Aditya Devarakonda , James Demmel

Stochastic gradient descent (SGD) is a key ingredient in the training of deep neural networks and yet its geometrical significance appears elusive. We study a deterministic model in which the trajectories of our dynamical systems are…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-02-19 R. Fioresi , P. Chaudhari , S. Soatto

The representation of functions by artificial neural networks depends on a large number of parameters in a non-linear fashion. Suitable parameters of these are found by minimizing a 'loss functional', typically by stochastic gradient…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-09-16 Stephan Wojtowytsch

The convergence of policy gradient algorithms hinges on the optimization landscape of the underlying optimal control problem. Theoretical insights into these algorithms can often be acquired from analyzing those of linear quadratic control.…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2023-11-02 Jingliang Duan , Wenhan Cao , Yang Zheng , Lin Zhao

Understanding the algorithmic bias of \emph{stochastic gradient descent} (SGD) is one of the key challenges in modern machine learning and deep learning theory. Most of the existing works, however, focus on \emph{very small or even…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-03-30 Jingfeng Wu , Difan Zou , Vladimir Braverman , Quanquan Gu

Deep learning models are dominating almost all artificial intelligence tasks such as vision, text, and speech processing. Stochastic Gradient Descent (SGD) is the main tool for training such models, where the computations are usually…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-01-10 Matteo Cacciola , Antonio Frangioni , Masoud Asgharian , Alireza Ghaffari , Vahid Partovi Nia

This paper considers the decision-dependent optimization problem, where the data distributions react in response to decisions affecting both the objective function and linear constraints. We propose a new method termed repeated projected…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-08-13 Zifan Wang , Changxin Liu , Thomas Parisini , Michael M. Zavlanos , Karl H. Johansson

Modern proximal and stochastic gradient descent (SGD) methods are believed to efficiently minimize large composite objective functions, but such methods have two algorithmic challenges: (1) a lack of fast or justified stop conditions, and…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2017-01-05 Vivak Patel

This paper addresses stochastic optimization in a streaming setting with time-dependent and biased gradient estimates. We analyze several first-order methods, including Stochastic Gradient Descent (SGD), mini-batch SGD, and time-varying…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-07-20 Antoine Godichon-Baggioni , Nicklas Werge , Olivier Wintenberger

In this paper, we focus on the task of optimizing the parameters in Parametrized Quantum Circuits (PQCs). While popular algorithms, such as Simultaneous Perturbation Stochastic Approximation (SPSA), limit the number of circuit-execution to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-11-18 Sayantan Pramanik , M Girish Chandra

Stochastic gradient descent (SGD) is a cornerstone algorithm for high-dimensional optimization, renowned for its empirical successes. Recent theoretical advances have provided a deep understanding of how SGD enables feature learning in…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-02-23 Nived Rajaraman , Yanjun Han

Compressed Stochastic Gradient Descent (SGD) algorithms have been recently proposed to address the communication bottleneck in distributed and decentralized optimization problems, such as those that arise in federated machine learning.…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2022-07-21 Adarsh M. Subramaniam , Akshayaa Magesh , Venugopal V. Veeravalli

Neural networks are usually trained by some form of stochastic gradient descent (SGD)). A number of strategies are in common use intended to improve SGD optimization, such as learning rate schedules, momentum, and batching. These are…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2015-08-13 Thomas M. Breuel