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By integrating the perception capabilities of multimodal encoders with the generative power of Large Language Models (LLMs), Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs), exemplified by GPT-4V, have achieved great success in various multimodal…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-18 Wenbin An , Jiahao Nie , Yaqiang Wu , Feng Tian , Shijian Lu , Qinghua Zheng

Consider the scenario where a human cleans a table and a robot observing the scene is instructed with the task "Remove the cloth using which I wiped the table". Instruction following with temporal reasoning requires the robot to identify…

Multivariate time-series forecasting is vital in various domains, e.g., economic planning and weather prediction. Deep train-from-scratch models have exhibited effective performance yet require large amounts of data, which limits real-world…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-21 Ching Chang , Wei-Yao Wang , Wen-Chih Peng , Tien-Fu Chen

Everyday conversations require understanding everyday events, which in turn, requires understanding temporal commonsense concepts interwoven with those events. Despite recent progress with massive pre-trained language models (LMs) such as…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-06-09 Lianhui Qin , Aditya Gupta , Shyam Upadhyay , Luheng He , Yejin Choi , Manaal Faruqui

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have become increasingly important due to their state-of-the-art performance and ability to integrate multiple data modalities, such as text, images, and audio, to perform complex tasks with high…

Large Language Models (LLMs), such as LLaMA and T5, have shown exceptional performance across various tasks through fine-tuning. Although low-rank adaption (LoRA) has emerged to cheaply fine-tune these LLMs on downstream tasks, their…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-08-08 Mingyang Zhang , Hao Chen , Chunhua Shen , Zhen Yang , Linlin Ou , Xinyi Yu , Bohan Zhuang

Fine-tuned pre-trained language models (PLMs) have achieved awesome performance on almost all NLP tasks. By using additional prompts to fine-tune PLMs, we can further stimulate the rich knowledge distributed in PLMs to better serve…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-09-16 Xu Han , Weilin Zhao , Ning Ding , Zhiyuan Liu , Maosong Sun

We propose ControlMLLM++, a novel test-time adaptation framework that injects learnable visual prompts into frozen multimodal large language models (MLLMs) to enable fine-grained region-based visual reasoning without any model retraining or…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-24 Mingrui Wu , Hao Chen , Jiayi Ji , Xiaoshuai Sun , Zhiyuan Liu , Liujuan Cao , Ming-Ming Cheng , Rongrong Ji

While Video Large Language Models (Video-LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable performance across general video understanding benchmarks-particularly in video captioning and descriptive tasks-they consistently underperform on tasks that…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-07 Sameep Vani , Shreyas Jena , Maitreya Patel , Chitta Baral , Somak Aditya , Yezhou Yang

Traditional time series analysis has long relied on pattern recognition, trained on static and well-established benchmarks. However, in real-world settings -- where policies shift, human behavior adapts, and unexpected events unfold --…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-16 Xinlei Wang , Mingtian Tan , Jing Qiu , Junhua Zhao , Jinjin Gu

Recently, Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated great potential in various data mining tasks, such as knowledge question answering, mathematical reasoning, and commonsense reasoning. However, the reasoning capability of LLMs on…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-22 He Chang , Chenchen Ye , Zhulin Tao , Jie Wu , Zhengmao Yang , Yunshan Ma , Xianglin Huang , Tat-Seng Chua

In the field of Learning from Demonstration (LfD), enabling robots to generalize learned manipulation skills to novel scenarios for long-horizon tasks remains challenging. Specifically, it is still difficult for robots to adapt the learned…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-07-22 Zezhi Liu , Shizhen Wu , Hanqian Luo , Deyun Qin , Yongchun Fang

We introduce ToRL (Tool-Integrated Reinforcement Learning), a framework for training large language models (LLMs) to autonomously use computational tools via reinforcement learning. Unlike supervised fine-tuning, ToRL allows models to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-01 Xuefeng Li , Haoyang Zou , Pengfei Liu

Comprehensive understanding of time series remains a significant challenge for Large Language Models (LLMs). Current research is hindered by fragmented task definitions and benchmarks with inherent ambiguities, precluding rigorous…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Yueyang Ding , HaoPeng Zhang , Rui Dai , Yi Wang , Tianyu Zong , Kaikui Liu , Xiangxiang Chu

Large-scale, pre-trained language models (LMs) have achieved human-level performance on a breadth of language understanding tasks. However, evaluations only based on end task performance shed little light on machines' true ability in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-05-11 Shane Storks , Qiaozi Gao , Yichi Zhang , Joyce Chai

Recent years have seen the success of Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) in the domain of vision understanding. The success of these models can largely be attributed to the dominant scaling law, which states that larger parameter…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-23 Shukang Yin , Chaoyou Fu , Sirui Zhao , Chunjiang Ge , Yan Yang , Yuhan Dai , Yongdong Luo , Tong Xu , Caifeng Shan , Enhong Chen

Process Reward Models (PRMs) have recently emerged as a powerful framework for enhancing the reasoning capabilities of large reasoning models (LRMs), particularly in the context of test-time scaling (TTS). However, their potential for…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-08 Jiaru Zou , Soumya Roy , Vinay Kumar Verma , Ziyi Wang , David Wipf , Pan Lu , Sumit Negi , James Zou , Jingrui He

Large language models (LLMs) have shown promise in automating travel planning, yet they often fall short in addressing nuanced spatiotemporal rationality. While existing benchmarks focus on basic plan validity, they neglect critical aspects…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-12 Hang Ni , Fan Liu , Xinyu Ma , Lixin Su , Shuaiqiang Wang , Dawei Yin , Hui Xiong , Hao Liu

Traditional Large Language Model (LLM) pretraining relies on autoregressive language modeling with randomly sampled data from web-scale datasets. Inspired by human learning techniques like spaced repetition, we hypothesize that random…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-01-30 Neha Prakriya , Jui-Nan Yen , Cho-Jui Hsieh , Jason Cong

Recent advancements in Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have demonstrated significant potential in recommendation systems. However, the effective application of MLLMs to multimodal sequential recommendation remains unexplored: A)…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-12-25 Haoyu Wang , Yitong Wang , Jining Wang
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