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Refactoring is the process of changing a software system in such a way that it does not alter the external behavior of the code yet improves its internal structure. Not only researchers, but also practitioners, need to know about past…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2018-08-08 Eunjong Choi , Kenji Fujiwara , Norihiro Yoshida , Shinpei Hayashi

Test Impact Analysis is an approach to obtain a subset of tests impacted by code changes. This approach is mainly applied to unit testing where the link between the code and its associated tests is easy to obtain. On the integration level,…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2022-11-16 Muzammil Shahbaz

Although Extract Method is a key refactoring for improving program comprehension, refactoring tools for such purpose are often underused. To address this shortcoming, we present JExtract, a recommendation system based on structural…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2015-06-22 Danilo Silva , Ricardo Terra , Marco Tulio Valente

Reading code is an essential activity in software maintenance and evolution. Several studies with human subjects have investigated how different factors, such as the employed programming constructs and naming conventions, can impact code…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2021-10-05 Delano Oliveira , Reydne Bruno , Fernanda Madeiral , Fernando Castor

Context: Application Programming Interface (API) code examples are an essential knowledge resource for learning APIs. However, a few user studies have explored how the structural characteristics of the source code in code examples impact…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-04-04 Seham Alharbi , Dimitris Kolovos

Objectives: This study aims to investigate the readability and understandability of bitwise operators in programming, with the main hypothesis that there will be a difference in the performance metrics (response time and error rate) between…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-10-28 Shubham Joshi

One of the major challenges for evaluating the effectiveness of data visualizations and visual analytics tools arises from the fact that different users may be using these tools for different tasks. In this paper, we present a simple…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2020-10-01 Laura Matzen , Kristin Divis , Deborah Cronin , Michael Haass

Several applications of slicing require a program to be sliced with respect to more than one slicing criterion. Program specialization, parallelization and cohesion measurement are examples of such applications. These applications can…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2017-09-26 Prasanna Kumar K. , Amitabha Sanyal , Amey Karkare

Refactoring is the process of improving the design of existing code by changing its internal structure without affecting its external behaviour, with the main aims of improving the quality of software product. Therefore, there is a belief…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2015-02-13 S. H. Kannangara , W. M. J. I. Wijayanayake

Unit tests are widely used to check source code quality, but they can be too coarse-grained or ill-suited for testing individual program statements. We introduce inline tests to make it easier to check for faults in statements. We motivate…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2022-09-15 Yu Liu , Pengyu Nie , Owolabi Legunsen , Milos Gligoric

Long methods that encapsulate multiple responsibilities within a single method are challenging to maintain. Choosing which statements to extract into new methods has been the target of many research tools. Despite steady improvements, these…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-04-26 Dorin Pomian , Abhiram Bellur , Malinda Dilhara , Zarina Kurbatova , Egor Bogomolov , Timofey Bryksin , Danny Dig

Context. Refactoring has been widely investigated in the past in relation to production code quality, yet still little is known on how developers apply refactoring on test code. Specifically, there is still a lack of investigation into how…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-08-21 Luana Martins , Valeria Pontillo , Heitor Costa , Filomena Ferrucci , Fabio Palomba , Ivan Machado

Program comprehension concerns the ability of an individual to make an understanding of an existing software system to extend or transform it. Software systems comprise of data that are noisy and missing, which makes program understanding…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2019-02-05 Amir Saeidi , Jurriaan Hage , Ravi Khadka , Slinger Jansen

Commits often involve refactorings -- behavior-preserving code modifications aiming at software design improvements. Refactoring operations pose a challenge to code reviewers, as distinguishing them from behavior-altering changes is often…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-02-26 Benjamin Ritz , Aleksandar Karakaš , Denis Helic

Gaze event detection is fundamental to vision science, human-computer interaction, and applied analytics. However, current workflows often require specialized programming knowledge and careful handling of heterogeneous raw data formats.…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-04-16 Dongyang Guo , Yasmeen Abdrabou , Enkelejda Kasneci

Refactoring aims at improving code non-functional attributes without modifying its external behavior. Previous studies investigated the motivations behind refactoring by surveying developers. With the aim of generalizing and complementing…

Intelligent agents should have the ability to leverage knowledge from previously learned tasks in order to learn new ones quickly and efficiently. Meta-learning approaches have emerged as a popular solution to achieve this. However,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-02-17 Zhao Mandi , Pieter Abbeel , Stephen James

Program understanding is an important aspect in Software Maintenance and Reengineering. Understanding the program is related to execution behaviour and relationship of variable involved in the program. The task of finding all statements in…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2011-08-08 N. Sasirekha , A. Edwin Robert , Dr. M. Hemalatha

This work presents insights about the long-term effects and retention rates of knowledge acquired within MOOCs. In 2015 and 2017, we conducted two introductory MOOCs on object-oriented programming in Java with each over 10,000 registered…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2019-03-22 Ralf Teusner , Christoph Matthies , Thomas Staubitz

Context : Software comprehension and maintenance activities, such as refactoring, are said to be negatively impacted by software complexity. The methods used to measure software product and processes complexity have been thoroughly debated…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-03-07 João Caldeira , Fernando Brito e Abreu , Jorge Cardoso , José Reis