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Federated learning (FL) enables multiple clients to collaboratively train machine learning models under the coordination of a central server, while maintaining privacy. However, the server cannot directly monitor the local training…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-23 Binbin Ding , Penghui Yang , Sheng-Jun Huang

Federated Learning is an important emerging distributed training paradigm that keeps data private on clients. It is now well understood that by controlling only a small subset of FL clients, it is possible to introduce a backdoor to a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-14 Joseph Rance , Filip Svoboda

Research on backdoor attacks in Federated Learning (FL) has accelerated in recent years, with new attacks and defenses continually proposed in an escalating arms race. However, the evaluation of these methods remains neither standardized…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-11-26 Thinh Dao , Dung Thuy Nguyen , Khoa D Doan , Kok-Seng Wong

The rapid development of the Internet and smart devices trigger surge in network traffic making its infrastructure more complex and heterogeneous. The predominated usage of mobile phones, wearable devices and autonomous vehicles are…

The rapid proliferation of Internet of Things (IoT) devices across domains such as smart homes, industrial control systems, and healthcare networks has significantly expanded the attack surface for cyber threats, including botnet-driven…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-01-13 Imtiaz Ali Soomro , Hamood Ur Rehman , S. Jawad Hussain ID , Adeel Iqbal , Waqas Khalid , Heejung Yu ID

In a federated learning (FL) system, malicious participants can easily embed backdoors into the aggregated model while maintaining the model's performance on the main task. To this end, various defenses, including training stage…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-30 Henger Li , Chen Wu , Sencun Zhu , Zizhan Zheng

Federated learning (FL) is widely used in Internet-of-Things (IoT) systems, but its distributed training process also exposes it to backdoor attacks. Existing studies mainly consider single-target or centralized multi-target settings, while…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-05 Tao Liu , Dapeng Man , Jiguang Lv , Chen Xu , Weiye Xi , Huanran Wang , Yuhang Zhang , Tianming Zhao , Wu Yang

Backdoor attack has emerged as a major security threat to deep neural networks (DNNs). While existing defense methods have demonstrated promising results on detecting or erasing backdoors, it is still not clear whether robust training…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-12-02 Yige Li , Xixiang Lyu , Nodens Koren , Lingjuan Lyu , Bo Li , Xingjun Ma

Federated Learning (FL) is a popular paradigm enabling clients to jointly train a global model without sharing raw data. However, FL is known to be vulnerable towards backdoor attacks due to its distributed nature. As participants,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-04-01 Xingyu Lyu , Ning Wang , Yang Xiao , Shixiong Li , Tao Li , Danjue Chen , Yimin Chen

Deep neural networks have been demonstrated to be vulnerable to backdoor attacks. Specifically, by injecting a small number of maliciously constructed inputs into the training set, an adversary is able to plant a backdoor into the trained…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2019-12-10 Alexander Turner , Dimitris Tsipras , Aleksander Madry

Inserting a backdoor into the joint model in federated learning (FL) is a recent threat raising concerns. Existing studies mostly focus on developing effective countermeasures against this threat, assuming that backdoored local models, if…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-11-30 Zeki Bilgin

Federated Learning (FL) is a promising approach for multiparty collaboration as a privacy-preserving technique in hardware assurance, but its security against adversaries with domain-specific knowledge is underexplored. This paper…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-04-23 Gijung Lee , Wavid Bowman , Olivia P. Dizon-Paradis , Reiner N. Dizon-Paradis , Ronald Wilson , Damon L. Woodard , Domenic Forte

Decentralized Federated Learning (DFL) remains highly vulnerable to adaptive backdoor attacks designed to bypass traditional passive defense metrics. To address this limitation, we shift the defensive paradigm toward a novel active,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-20 Sheng Pan , Niansheng Tang

Deep neural networks (DNN), despite their remarkable performance, are highly vulnerable to backdoor attacks. Existing defenses mainly rely on activation anomaly analysis or trigger reverse engineering and often require clean samples or…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-20 Yinbo Yu , Jing Fang , Xuewen Zhang , Chunwei Tian , Qi Zhu , Daoqiang Zhang , Jiajia Liu

Federated learning (FL) is a decentralized machine learning technique that allows multiple entities to jointly train a model while preserving dataset privacy. However, its distributed nature has raised various security concerns, which have…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-01-06 Nuno Neves

Federated Learning (FL) enables collaborative model training across distributed devices while preserving local data privacy, making it ideal for mobile and embedded systems. However, the decentralized nature of FL also opens vulnerabilities…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-08 Kichang Lee , Yujin Shin , Jonghyuk Yun , Songkuk Kim , Jun Han , JeongGil Ko

Federated Learning (FL) has emerged as a machine learning approach able to preserve the privacy of user's data. Applying FL, clients train machine learning models on a local dataset and a central server aggregates the learned parameters…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-09-27 Luiz Leite , Yuri Santo , Bruno L. Dalmazo , André Riker

Deep learning has shown incredible potential across a wide array of tasks, and accompanied by this growth has been an insatiable appetite for data. However, a large amount of data needed for enabling deep learning is stored on personal…

Cyberattacks are a major issues and it causes organizations great financial, and reputation harm. However, due to various factors, the current network intrusion detection systems (NIDS) seem to be insufficent. Predominant NIDS identifies…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-07-05 Geet Shingi , Harsh Saglani , Preeti Jain

This work explores an emerging security threat against deep neural networks (DNNs) based image classification, i.e., backdoor attack. In this scenario, the attacker aims to inject a backdoor into the model by manipulating training data,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-12-03 Zhengyao Song , Yongqiang Li , Danni Yuan , Li Liu , Shaokui Wei , Baoyuan Wu
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