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Related papers: Red Teaming LLMs as Socio-Technical Practice: From…

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Large language models (LLMs) can often be made to behave in undesirable ways that they are explicitly fine-tuned not to. For example, the LLM red-teaming literature has produced a wide variety of 'jailbreaking' techniques to elicit harmful…

Agentic AI systems -- Large Language Models (LLMs) augmented with planning, tool use, memory, and long-horizon interactions -- can execute complex tasks autonomously, but their multi-step trajectories introduce new failure modes that…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Jinhu Qi , Muzhi Li , Jiahong Liu , Yuqin Shu , Dianzhi Yu , Shicheng Ma , Wenqian Cui , Yiyang Zhao , Yiyi Chen , Ruoxi Jiang , Irwin King , Zenglin Xu

Code agents have gained widespread adoption due to their strong code generation capabilities and integration with code interpreters, enabling dynamic execution, debugging, and interactive programming capabilities. While these advancements…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-11-12 Chengquan Guo , Chulin Xie , Yu Yang , Zhaorun Chen , Zinan Lin , Xander Davies , Yarin Gal , Dawn Song , Bo Li

Recent developments in AI governance and safety research have called for red-teaming methods that can effectively surface potential risks posed by AI models. Many of these calls have emphasized how the identities and backgrounds of…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-28 Wesley Hanwen Deng , Sunnie S. Y. Kim , Akshita Jha , Ken Holstein , Motahhare Eslami , Lauren Wilcox , Leon A Gatys

Despite their staggering capabilities as assistant tools, often exceeding human performances, Large Language Models (LLMs) are still prone to jailbreak attempts from malevolent users. Although red teaming practices have already identified…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Barbara Puccio , Federico Castagna , Allan Tucker , Pierangelo Veltri

Artificial intelligence (AI) promises immense benefits across sectors, yet also poses risks from dual-use potentials, biases, and unintended behaviors. This paper reviews emerging issues with opaque and uncontrollable AI systems and…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-08-29 Alexander J. Titus , Adam H. Russell

Large language models are increasingly applied in real-world scenarios, including research and education. These models, however, come with well-known ethical issues, which may manifest in unexpected ways in human-computer interaction…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-04-01 Shivani Kapania , Ruiyi Wang , Toby Jia-Jun Li , Tianshi Li , Hong Shen

As Large Language Models (LLMs) and multi-agent AI systems are demonstrating increasing potential in cybersecurity operations, organizations, policymakers, model providers, and researchers in the AI and cybersecurity communities are…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-04-01 Yicheng Cai , Mitchell John DeStefano , Guodong Dong , Pulkit Handa , Peng Liu , Tejas Singhal , Peiyu Tseng , Winston Jen White

This study investigates whether large language models (LLMs) can function as intelligent collaborators to bridge expertise gaps in cybersecurity decision-making. We examine two representative tasks-phishing email detection and intrusion…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-05-07 Shahroz Tariq , Ronal Singh , Mohan Baruwal Chhetri , Surya Nepal , Cecile Paris

Large Language Models (LLMs) have increasingly been utilized in social simulations, where they are often guided by carefully crafted instructions to stably exhibit human-like behaviors during simulations. Nevertheless, we doubt the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-10-29 Zengqing Wu , Run Peng , Shuyuan Zheng , Qianying Liu , Xu Han , Brian Inhyuk Kwon , Makoto Onizuka , Shaojie Tang , Chuan Xiao

Pretrained large language models (LLMs) are becoming increasingly powerful and ubiquitous in mainstream applications such as being a personal assistant, a dialogue model, etc. As these models become proficient in deducing user preferences…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-02-22 Varshini Subhash

Large Language Models (LLMs) have gained increasing attention for their remarkable capacity, alongside concerns about safety arising from their potential to produce harmful content. Red teaming aims to find prompts that could elicit harmful…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-25 Rui Li , Peiyi Wang , Jingyuan Ma , Di Zhang , Lei Sha , Zhifang Sui

Human-centered computing research has been increasingly applied to address important challenges in the health domain. Conducting research in cross-disciplinary teams can come with a lot of challenges in integrating knowledge across fields.…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2022-09-02 Elena Agapie , Shefali Haldar , Sharmaine Galvez Poblete

The recent development of generative large language models (LLMs) poses new challenges for model evaluation that the research community and industry have been grappling with. While the versatile capabilities of these models ignite much…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-02-03 Q. Vera Liao , Ziang Xiao

The remarkable capability of large language models (LLMs) has led to the wide application of LLM-based agents in various domains. To standardize interactions between LLM-based agents and their environments, model context protocol (MCP)…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-09-26 Ping He , Changjiang Li , Binbin Zhao , Tianyu Du , Shouling Ji

Developing high-stakes autonomous systems that include Artificial Intelligence (AI) components is complex; the consequences of errors can be catastrophic, yet it is challenging to plan for all operational cases. In stressful scenarios for…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-12-04 Ben Larwood , Oliver J. Sutton , Callum Cockburn

Feature transformation enhances data representation by deriving new features from the original data. Generative AI offers potential for this task, but faces challenges in stable generation (consistent outputs) and valid generation…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-12 Xinyuan Wang , Haoyue Bai , Nanxu Gong , Wangyang Ying , Sixun Dong , Xiquan Cui , Yanjie Fu

The ability of LLM agents to plan and invoke tools exposes them to new safety risks, making a comprehensive red-teaming system crucial for discovering vulnerabilities and ensuring their safe deployment. We present SIRAJ: a generic…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-10-31 Kaiwen Zhou , Ahmed Elgohary , A S M Iftekhar , Amin Saied

This work was completed in May 2022. For safe and reliable deployment of language models in the real world, testing needs to be robust. This robustness can be characterized by the difficulty and diversity of the test cases we evaluate these…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-03 Anugya Srivastava , Rahul Ahuja , Rohith Mukku

Many studies have demonstrated that large language models (LLMs) can produce harmful responses, exposing users to unexpected risks when LLMs are deployed. Previous studies have proposed comprehensive taxonomies of the risks posed by LLMs,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-08-06 Yuxia Wang , Zenan Zhai , Haonan Li , Xudong Han , Lizhi Lin , Zhenxuan Zhang , Jingru Zhao , Preslav Nakov , Timothy Baldwin