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We introduce Probe Pruning (PP), a novel framework for online, dynamic, structured pruning of Large Language Models (LLMs) applied in a batch-wise manner. PP leverages the insight that not all samples and tokens contribute equally to the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-24 Qi Le , Enmao Diao , Ziyan Wang , Xinran Wang , Jie Ding , Li Yang , Ali Anwar

Post-training quantization (PTQ) has emerged as a prevailing technique for deploying large language models (LLMs) efficiently in terms of both memory and computation, across edge devices and server platforms. Existing PTQ methods primarily…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Yeonsik Park , Hyeonseong Kim , Seungkyu Choi

DNN accelerators, significantly advanced by model compression and specialized dataflow techniques, have marked considerable progress. However, the frequent access of high-precision partial sums (PSUMs) leads to excessive memory demands in…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-05-08 Yonghao Tan , Pingcheng Dong , Yongkun Wu , Yu Liu , Xuejiao Liu , Peng Luo , Shih-Yang Liu , Xijie Huang , Dong Zhang , Luhong Liang , Kwang-Ting Cheng

The rapid advancement of large language models (LLMs) has intensified the need for effective mechanisms to transform continuous multimodal data into discrete representations suitable for language-based processing. Discrete tokenization,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-01 Jindong Li , Yali Fu , Jiahong Liu , Linxiao Cao , Wei Ji , Menglin Yang , Irwin King , Ming-Hsuan Yang

As Large Language Models (LLMs) scale to support context windows exceeding one million tokens, the linear growth of Key-Value (KV) cache imposes severe memory capacity and bandwidth bottlenecks, constraining the efficiency of long-context…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-09 Zhirui Chen , Peiyang Liu , Ling Shao

Under modern test-time compute and agentic paradigms, language models process ever-longer sequences. Efficient text generation with transformer architectures is increasingly constrained by the Key-Value cache memory footprint and bandwidth.…

Vision-Language Models (VLMs) have revolutionized multi-modal learning by jointly processing visual and textual information. Yet, they face significant challenges due to the high computational and memory demands of processing long sequences…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-21 Yvon Apedo , Martyna Poreba , Michal Szczepanski , Samia Bouchafa

The components underpinning PLMs -- large weight matrices -- were shown to bear considerable redundancy. Matrix factorization, a well-established technique from matrix theory, has been utilized to reduce the number of parameters in PLM.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-06-27 Siyu Ren , Kenny Q. Zhu

This paper explores network binarization, a radical form of quantization, compressing model weights to a single bit, specifically for Large Language Models (LLMs) compression. Due to previous binarization methods collapsing LLMs, we propose…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-09 Yuzhang Shang , Zhihang Yuan , Qiang Wu , Zhen Dong

Recent works on compression of large language models (LLM) using quantization considered reparameterizing the architecture such that weights are distributed on the sphere. This demonstratively improves the ability to quantize by increasing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-05 Tycho F. A. van der Ouderaa , Maximilian L. Croci , Agrin Hilmkil , James Hensman

There has been significant interest in "extreme" compression of large language models (LLMs), i.e., to 1-2 bits per parameter, which allows such models to be executed efficiently on resource-constrained devices. Existing work focused on…

Network quantization is an effective solution to compress deep neural networks for practical usage. Existing network quantization methods cannot sufficiently exploit the depth information to generate low-bit compressed network. In this…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-12-18 Yuhui Xu , Yongzhuang Wang , Aojun Zhou , Weiyao Lin , Hongkai Xiong

In spite of the great potential of large language models (LLMs) across various tasks, their deployment on resource-constrained devices remains challenging due to their excessive computational and memory demands. Quantization has emerged as…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-28 Hao Mark Chen , Fuwen Tan , Alexandros Kouris , Royson Lee , Hongxiang Fan , Stylianos I. Venieris

Post-Training Quantization (PTQ) is pivotal for deploying large language models (LLMs) within resource-limited settings by significantly reducing resource demands. However, existing PTQ strategies underperform at low bit levels < 3 bits due…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-01-31 Wanlong Liu , Yichen Xiao , Dingyi Zeng , Hongyang Zhao , Wenyu Chen , Malu Zhang

Post-training model quantization is a widely adopted technique for reducing the memory and computational costs of large language models (LLMs). However, most existing methods rely on uniform or heuristic bitwidth assignments, failing to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-09 Chao Zhang , Li Wang , Samson Lasaulce , Merouane Debbah

Weight-only quantization has become a standard approach for efficiently serving large language models (LLMs). However, existing methods fail to efficiently compress models to binary (1-bit) levels, as they either require large amounts of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Hyochan Chong , Dongkyu Kim , Changdong Kim , Minseop Choi

Deploying Vision-Language Models (VLMs) under aggressive low-bit inference remains challenging because inference cost is dominated by the long visual-token prefix during prefill and the growing KV cache during autoregressive decoding. Token…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Xinqing Li , Xin He , Xindong Zhang , Ming-Ming Cheng , Lei Zhang , Yun Liu

The emergence of accurate open large language models (LLMs) has led to a race towards performant quantization techniques which can enable their execution on end-user devices. In this paper, we revisit the problem of "extreme" LLM…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-09-12 Vage Egiazarian , Andrei Panferov , Denis Kuznedelev , Elias Frantar , Artem Babenko , Dan Alistarh

Despite the growing interest in Small Language Models (SLMs) as resource-efficient alternatives to Large Language Models (LLMs), their deployment on edge devices remains challenging due to unresolved efficiency gaps in model compression.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-18 Jiacheng Wang , Yejun Zeng , Jinyang Guo , Yuqing Ma , Aishan Liu , Xianglong Liu

Large-scale language models (LLMs) have demonstrated impressive performance, but their deployment presents challenges due to their significant memory usage. This issue can be alleviated through quantization. In this paper, we identify that…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-18 Zhihang Yuan , Lin Niu , Jiawei Liu , Wenyu Liu , Xinggang Wang , Yuzhang Shang , Guangyu Sun , Qiang Wu , Jiaxiang Wu , Bingzhe Wu
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