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Large language models (LLMs) can often generate functionally correct code, but their ability to produce efficient implementations for performance-critical systems tasks remains limited. Existing code benchmarks mainly emphasize correctness…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-05-18 Huihao Jing , Wenbin Hu , Haochen Shi , Hanyu Yang , Sirui Zhang , Shaojin Chen , Haoran Li , Yangqiu Song

Large language models (LLMs) have shown growing potential in software engineering, yet few benchmarks evaluate their ability to repair software during migration across instruction set architectures (ISAs). Cross-ISA migration, such as…

Large language models (LLMs) have shown strong performance on mathematical reasoning under well-defined conditions. However, real-world engineering problems involve uncertainty, context, and open-ended settings that extend beyond symbolic…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-05 Xiyuan Zhou , Xinlei Wang , Yirui He , Yang Wu , Ruixi Zou , Yuheng Cheng , Yulu Xie , Wenxuan Liu , Huan Zhao , Yan Xu , Jinjin Gu , Junhua Zhao

Large language models (LLMs) have shown increasing competence in solving mathematical reasoning problems. However, many open-source LLMs still struggle with errors in calculation and semantic understanding during intermediate reasoning…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-18 Vernon Y. H. Toh , Deepanway Ghosal , Soujanya Poria

Logging statements are central to debugging, failure diagnosis, and production observability, yet writing them requires developers to decide where to place a logging statement, which API and severity level to use, and what runtime…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Renyi Zhong , Yichen Li , Yulun Wu , Jinxi Kuang , Yintong Huo , Michael R. Lyu

Evaluating Large Language Models (LLMs) with respect to real-world code complexity is essential. Otherwise, there is a risk of overestimating LLMs' programming abilities based on simplistic benchmarks, only to be disappointed when using…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-02-24 Yang Chen , Shuyang Liu , Reyhaneh Jabbarvand

Recent advances in large language models (LLMs) for mathematical reasoning have largely focused on tasks with easily verifiable final answers while generating and verifying natural language math proofs remains an open challenge. We identify…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Wenjie Ma , Andrei Cojocaru , Neel Kolhe , Bradley Louie , Robin Said Sharif , Haihan Zhang , Vincent Zhuang , Matei Zaharia , Sewon Min

Recent advances in Large Language Models (LLMs) have enabled researchers to focus on practical repository-level tasks in software engineering domain. In this work, we consider a cornerstone task for automating work with software…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-19 Aleksandra Eliseeva , Alexander Kovrigin , Ilia Kholkin , Egor Bogomolov , Yaroslav Zharov

Large language model (LLM)-based reasoning systems have recently achieved gold medal-level performance in the IMO 2025 competition, writing mathematical proofs where, to receive full credit, each step must be not only correct but also…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-16 Shrey Pandit , Austin Xu , Xuan-Phi Nguyen , Yifei Ming , Caiming Xiong , Shafiq Joty

In contrast to their remarkable performance on general knowledge QA, the true abilities of Large Language Models (LLMs) in tasks demanding deep, specialized reasoning, such as in protein biology, have yet to be thoroughly investigated.…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2025-12-30 Dingyi Rong , Zijian Chen , Qi Jia , Kaiwei Zhang , Haotian Lu , Guangtao Zhai , Ning Liu

This paper considers the development of an AI-based provably-correct mathematical proof tutor. While Large Language Models (LLMs) allow seamless communication in natural language, they are error prone. Theorem provers such as Lean allow for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-05 Manooshree Patel , Rayna Bhattacharyya , Thomas Lu , Arnav Mehta , Niels Voss , Narges Norouzi , Gireeja Ranade

This paper considers the development of an AI-based provably-correct mathematical proof tutor. While Large Language Models (LLMs) allow seamless communication in natural language, they are error prone. Theorem provers such as Lean allow for…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-05 Manooshree Patel , Rayna Bhattacharyya , Thomas Lu , Arnav Mehta , Niels Voss , Narges Norouzi , Gireeja Ranade

As automated reasoning systems advance rapidly, there is a growing need for research-level formal mathematical problems to accurately evaluate their capabilities. To address this, we present Formal Conjectures, an evolving benchmark of…

Recent advances in large language models have demonstrated impressive capabilities in mathematical formalization. However, existing benchmarks focus on logical verification of declarative propositions, often neglecting the task of…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Bowen Yang , Yi Yuan , Chenyi Li , Ziyu Wang , Liangqi Li , Bo Zhang , Zhe Li , Zaiwen Wen

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated exceptional coding capability. However, as another critical component of programming proficiency, the debugging capability of LLMs remains relatively unexplored. Previous evaluations of LLMs'…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-06-07 Runchu Tian , Yining Ye , Yujia Qin , Xin Cong , Yankai Lin , Yinxu Pan , Yesai Wu , Haotian Hui , Weichuan Liu , Zhiyuan Liu , Maosong Sun

Formal verification can provably guarantee the correctness of critical system software, but the high proof burden has long hindered its wide adoption. Recently, Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown success in code analysis and synthesis.…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2023-11-27 Jianan Yao , Ziqiao Zhou , Weiteng Chen , Weidong Cui

Safety verification of dynamical systems via barrier certificates is essential for ensuring correctness in autonomous applications. Synthesizing these certificates involves discovering mathematical functions with current methods suffering…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-17 Ali Taheri , Alireza Taban , Sadegh Soudjani , Ashutosh Trivedi

Recent advances have showcased the extraordinary capabilities of Large Language Model (LLM) agents in tackling web-based information-seeking tasks. However, existing efforts mainly focus on single-fact retrieval and rely on outcome-only…

Repository-level code translation refers to translating an entire code repository from one programming language to another while preserving the functionality of the source repository. Many benchmarks have been proposed to evaluate the…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-12-17 Yanli Wang , Yanlin Wang , Suiquan Wang , Daya Guo , Jiachi Chen , John Grundy , Xilin Liu , Yuchi Ma , Mingzhi Mao , Hongyu Zhang , Zibin Zheng

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities in software engineering, yet comprehensive benchmarks covering diverse SE activities remain limited. We present a multi-task evaluation of 11 state-of-the-art LLMs…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Go Frendi Gunawan , Mukhlis Amien