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Navigation aids are central to immersive virtual reality (VR) experiences that involve physical locomotion. Their effectiveness depends not only on how much spatial information they provide, but also on how directly that information…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-03-19 Apurv Varshney , Lily M. Turkstra , Jiaxin Su , Mable Zhou , Scott T. Grafton , Barry Giesbrecht , Mary Hegarty , Michael Beyeler

[Context] Engineering Artificial Intelligence (AI) software is a relatively new area with many challenges, unknowns, and limited proven best practices. Big companies such as Google, Microsoft, and Apple have provided a suite of recent…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-01-26 Khlood Ahmad , Mohamed Abdelrazek , Chetan Arora , Muneera Bano , John Grundy

The rapid adoption of generative AI in software development has impacted the industry, yet its effects on developers with visual impairments remain largely unexplored. To address this gap, we used an Activity Theory framework to examine how…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-03-24 Claudia Flores-Saviaga , Benjamin V. Hanrahan , Kashif Imteyaz , Steven Clarke , Saiph Savage

The application of Virtual Reality Environments (VRE) has been gaining momentum as a relatively new tool to assist with mitigating various difficulties including abstractness of concepts, lack of user engagement, perception of disconnection…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-11-26 Ourania Koutzampasopoulou Xanthidou , Nadine Aburumman , Hanêne Ben-Abdallah

Most software applications contain graphics such as charts, diagrams and maps. Currently, these graphics are designed with a ``one size fits all" approach and do not cater to the needs of people with disabilities. Therefore, when using…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-01-12 Anuradha Madugalla , Yutan Huang , John Grundy , Min Hee Cho , Lasith Koswatta Gamage , Tristan Leao , Sam Thiele

Recent commercial off-the-shelf virtual and augmented reality devices have been promoted as tools for knowledge work and research findings show how this kind of work can benefit from the affordances of extended reality (XR). One major…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2023-10-17 Verena Biener , Snehanjali Kalamkar , John J Dudley , Jinghui Hu , Per Ola Kristensson , Jörg Müller , Jens Grubert

The design of intuitive three-dimensional user interfaces is vital for interaction in virtual reality, allowing to effectively close the loop between a human user and the virtual environment. The utilization of 3D gestural input allows for…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-01-17 Nico Reski , Aris Alissandrakis , Andreas Kerren

Although eye-tracking technology is being integrated into more VR and MR headsets, the true potential of eye tracking in enhancing user interactions within XR settings remains relatively untapped. Presently, one of the most prevalent gaze…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-05-24 Naveen Sendhilnathan , Ajoy S. Fernandes , Michael J. Proulx , Tanya R. Jonker

Assistive agents for Blind and Visually Impaired (BVI) users require accessibility alignment as a first-class design objective. Despite rapid progress in agentic AI, most systems are designed and evaluated under assumptions of sighted…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-14 Jie Hu , Changyuan Yan , Yu Zheng , Ziqian Wang , Jiaming Zhang

We introduce ChartA11y, an app developed to enable accessible 2-D visualizations on smartphones for blind users through a participatory and iterative design process involving 13 sessions with two blind partners. We also present a design…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-10-29 Zhuohao Jerry Zhang , John R. Thompson , Aditi Shah , Manish Agrawal , Alper Sarikaya , Jacob O. Wobbrock , Edward Cutrell , Bongshin Lee

Inclusion and accessibility in visualization research have gained increasing attention in recent years. However, many challenges still remain to be solved on the road toward a more inclusive, shared-experience-driven visualization design…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2022-09-13 Katrin Angerbauer , Michael Sedlmair

As AI systems become more prevalent, concerns about their development, operation, and societal impact intensify. Establishing ethical, social, and safety standards amidst evolving AI capabilities poses significant challenges. Global…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-03-24 Yutaka Matsubara , Akihisa Morikawa , Daichi Mizuguchi , Kiyoshi Fujiwara

There are many reasons for utilising 3D animation and virtual reality in sexuality research. Apart from providing a mean with which to (re)experience certain situations there are four main advantages: a) bespoke animated stimuli can be…

The immersive nature of XR introduces a fundamentally different set of security and privacy (S&P) challenges due to the unprecedented user interactions and data collection that traditional paradigms struggle to mitigate. As the primary…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-09-09 Kunlin Cai , Jinghuai Zhang , Ying Li , Zhiyuan Wang , Xun Chen , Tianshi Li , Yuan Tian

Mixed Reality (MR) technologies such as Virtual and Augmented Reality (VR, AR) are well established in medical practice, enhancing diagnostics, treatment, and education. However, there are still some limitations and challenges that may be…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-07-28 Aliaksandr Marozau , Barbara Karpowicz , Tomasz Kowalewski , Pavlo Zinevych , Wiktor Stawski , Adam Kuzdraliński , Wiesław Kopeć

Extensible 3D (X3D) modeling language is one of the leading Web3D technologies. Despite the rich functionality, the language does not currently provide tools for rapid development of conventional graphical user interfaces (GUIs). Every X3D…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2019-03-18 Ivan Sopin , Felix G. Hamza-Lup

Extended Reality (XR) combines dense sensing, real-time rendering, and close-range interaction, making its use in early childhood education both promising and high risk. To investigate this, we conduct a Systematization of Knowledge (SoK)…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-02-16 Supriya Khadka , Sanchari Das

Amid current social distancing measures requiring people to work from home, there has been renewed interest on how to effectively converse and collaborate remotely utilizing currently available technologies. On the surface, VR provides a…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2020-07-07 Anna Bleakley , Vincent Wade , Benjamin R. Cowan

Although empirical research often underpins practical visualization guidelines, it remains unclear how well these research-driven insights are reflected in the guidelines practitioners actually use. In this paper, we investigate the…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-01-05 Nam Wook Kim , Grace Myers , Jinhan Choi , Yoonsuh Cho , Changhoon Oh , Yea-Seul Kim

Building XR-AI research prototypes requires navigating two largely separate ecosystems. Mainstream XR development relies on C#/C++ and game engines, while AI development is centered on Python. This toolchain fragmentation slows down…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-05-22 Arthur Caetano , Radha Kumaran , Kelvin Jou , Tobias Höllerer , Misha Sra