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In this work, we explore constraints on the emergence and longevity of technologically intelligent civilizations in our Galaxy, considering the Fermi paradox. We argue that under optimistic assumptions about the probability of life and…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2026-02-27 Sohrab Rahvar , Shahin Rouhani

The Breakthrough Listen program is, to date, the most extensive search for technological life beyond Earth. As part of this goal, over the past nine years it has surveyed thousands of nearby stars, close to 100 nearby galaxies, and a…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2025-08-07 Caleb Painter , Steve Croft , Matthew Lebofsky , Alex Andersson , Carmen Choza , Vishal Gajjar , Danny Price , Andrew P. V. Siemion

The search for life beyond the Solar System-a major part of the Planetary Systems thematic area of the Astro2020 Decadal process-includes the search for technological life. Although financial support for such searches at the NSF and NASA…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2019-07-19 Jason T. Wright

Almost all SETI searches to date have explicitly targeted stars in the hope of detecting artificial radio or optical transmissions. It is argued that extra-terrestrials (ET) might regard sending physical probes to our own Solar System as a…

Popular Physics · Physics 2021-06-09 John Gertz

Chemical disequilibrium quantified via available free energy has previously been proposed as a potential biosignature. However, exoplanet biosignature remote sensing work has not yet investigated how observational uncertainties impact the…

SETI@home, a search for signals from extraterrestrial intelligence, has been recording data at the Arecibo radio telescope since 1999. These data are sent via the Internet to the personal computers of volunteers who have donated their…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2011-09-09 Eric J. Korpela , Jeff Cobb , Matt Lebofsky , Andrew Siemion , Joshua von Korff , Robert C. Bankay , Dan Werthimer , David Anderson

SETI@home is a radio Search for Extraterrestrial Intelligence (SETI) project, looking for technosignatures in data recorded at multiple observatories from 1998 to 2020. Most radio SETI projects analyze data using dedicated processing…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2025-07-25 Eric J. Korpela , David P. Anderson , Jeff Cobb , Matt Lebofsky , Wei Liu , Dan Werthimer

In support of the Astrobiology Science Strategy, this whitepaper outlines some key technology challenges pertaining to the remote search for life in exoplanetary systems. Finding evidence for life on rocky planets outside of our solar…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2018-02-07 Nicholas Siegler , Matthew Bolcar , Brendan P Crill , Shawn Domagal-Goldman , Eric Mamajek , Karl Stapelfeldt

The Defense Department and NASA are investigating the possibility that aliens are currently surveilling Earth. This aligns with some search-for-extraterrestrial-intelligence (SETI) theorists who have concluded that ET's best strategy for…

Popular Physics · Physics 2023-08-30 John Gertz

This paper aims to review the diverse range of technosignatures that have been proposed in the literature. We organize the review by scales, starting carefully from Earth, then zooming out to Earth's orbit, the solar system, including the…

Cosmology seems extremely remote from everyday human practice and experience. It is usually taken for granted that cosmological data cannot rationally influence our beliefs about the fate of humanity -- and possible other intelligent…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-07 Milan M. Cirkovic

In this work, we assess the potential detectability of solar panels made of silicon on an Earth-like exoplanet as a potential technosignature. Silicon-based photovoltaic cells have high reflectance in the UV-VIS and in the near-IR, within…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2024-05-09 Ravi Kopparapu , Vincent Kofman , Jacob Haqq-Misra , Vivaswan Kopparapu , Manasvi Lingam

In 2025 July, the third-ever interstellar object, 3I/ATLAS, was discovered on its ingress into the Solar System. Similar to the NASA Voyager missions sent in 1977, science probes by extraterrestrial life ("artifact technosignatures") could…

Recent observations of changes in radioactive decay rates associated with the annual variation of the Earth-Sun distance, with solar rotation, and particularly with solar storms, suggest that radioactive decay rates may be responding to…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2017-02-14 Ephraim Fischbach , John T. Gruenwald

Long baseline radio interferometers can provide some interesting opportunities for future SETI searches. Known advantages (compared to single dishes or beam-formed arrays), include the large reduction in false-positives due to the…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2018-10-18 M. A. Garrett

The link between black holes and star formation allows us to draw a connection between black holes and the places and times extraterrestrial intelligences (ETIs) had a greater chance of emerging. Within the context of the gap paradigm for…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2023-05-09 David Garofalo

Earth's future detectability depends upon the trajectory of our civilization over the coming centuries. Human civilization is also the only known example of an energy-intensive civilization, so our history and future trajectories provide…

General Physics · Physics 2019-02-22 Jacob Haqq-Misra

The Astro2020 report outlines numerous recommendations that could significantly advance technosignature science. Technosignatures refer to any observable manifestations of extraterrestrial technology, and the search for technosignatures is…

The search for signatures of life beyond Earth has been a major goal of space research and astrobiology for decades. The combination of expanded knowledge on Solar System bodies from past missions and advancements in in-situ detection…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2026-04-22 Andreas Riedo , Salome Gruchola , Nikita J. Boeren , Peter Keresztes Schmidt , Luca N. Knecht , Youcef Sellam , Marek Tulej , Peter Wurz

Ocean-atmosphere chemistry on Earth has undergone dramatic evolutionary changes through its long history, with potentially significant ramifications for the emergence and long-term stability of atmospheric biosignatures. Though a great deal…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2017-05-03 C. T. Reinhard , S. L. Olson , E. W. Schwieterman , T. W. Lyons