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Large language models (LLMs) have shown remarkable capabilities in various tasks. However their huge model size and the consequent demand for computational and memory resources also pose challenges to model deployment. Currently, 4-bit…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-08 Jiayi Pan , Chengcan Wang , Kaifu Zheng , Yangguang Li , Zhenyu Wang , Bin Feng

Quantization has emerged as a promising technique for improving the memory and computational efficiency of large language models (LLMs). Though the trade-off between performance and efficiency is well-known, there is still much to be…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-12 Zhuocheng Gong , Jiahao Liu , Jingang Wang , Xunliang Cai , Dongyan Zhao , Rui Yan

Transformer-based models have gained widespread popularity in both the computer vision (CV) and natural language processing (NLP) fields. However, significant challenges arise during post-training linear quantization, leading to noticeable…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-12 Jiun-Man Chen , Yu-Hsuan Chao , Yu-Jie Wang , Ming-Der Shieh , Chih-Chung Hsu , Wei-Fen Lin

Modern large language models (LLMs) have established state-of-the-art performance through architectural improvements, but still require significant computational cost for inference. In an effort to reduce the inference cost, post-training…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-24 Jaewoo Yang , Hayun Kim , Younghoon Kim

The presence of outliers in Large Language Models (LLMs) weights and activations makes them difficult to quantize. Recent work has leveraged rotations to mitigate these outliers. In this work, we propose methods that learn fusible rotations…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-13 Advait Gadhikar , Riccardo Grazzi , James Hensman

Existing post-training quantization methods for large language models (LLMs) offer remarkable success. However, the increasingly marginal performance gains suggest that existing quantization strategies are insufficient to support the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-28 Jiaqi Zhao , Miao Zhang , Deng Xiang , Ming Li , Weili Guan , Liqiang Nie

Post-training quantization has emerged as a widely adopted technique for compressing and accelerating the inference of Large Language Models (LLMs). The primary challenges in LLMs quantization stem from activation outliers, which…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-20 Xiusheng Huang , Zhe Li , Xuanwu Yin , Lu Wang , Yequan Wang , Dong Li , Emad Barsoum , Kang Liu

Quantization is the key method for reducing inference latency, power and memory footprint of generative AI models. However, accuracy often degrades sharply when activations are quantized below eight bits. Recent work suggests that…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-31 Marco Federici , Riccardo Del Chiaro , Boris van Breugel , Paul Whatmough , Markus Nagel

As Large Language Models (LLMs) demonstrate exceptional performance across various domains, deploying LLMs on edge devices has emerged as a new trend. Quantization techniques, which reduce the size and memory requirements of LLMs, are…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-07 Binrui Zeng , Bin Ji , Xiaodong Liu , Jie Yu , Shasha Li , Jun Ma , Xiaopeng Li , Shangwen Wang , Xinran Hong , Yongtao Tang

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable performance across various natural language processing (NLP) tasks. However, their deployment is challenging due to the substantial computational resources required. Power-of-two…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-17 Xinyu Wang , Vahid Partovi Nia , Peng Lu , Jerry Huang , Xiao-Wen Chang , Boxing Chen , Yufei Cui

To tackle the huge computational demand of large foundation models, activation-aware compression techniques without retraining have been introduced. However, since these methods highly rely on calibration data, domain shift issues may arise…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-25 Toshiaki Koike-Akino , Jing Liu , Ye Wang

Video matting is crucial for applications such as film production and virtual reality, yet deploying its computationally intensive models on resource-constrained devices presents challenges. Quantization is a key technique for model…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-13 Tianrui Zhu , Houyuan Chen , Ruihao Gong , Michele Magno , Haotong Qin , Kai Zhang

Emergent Large Language Models (LLMs) use their extraordinary performance and powerful deduction capacity to discern from traditional language models. However, the expenses of computational resources and storage for these LLMs are stunning,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-25 Yifei Gao , Jie Ou , Lei Wang , Yuting Xiao , Zhiyuan Xiang , Ruiting Dai , Jun Cheng

Post-training quantization (PTQ) is a technique used to optimize and reduce the memory footprint and computational requirements of machine learning models. It has been used primarily for neural networks. For Brain-Computer Interfaces (BCI)…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-10-11 Hubert Cecotti , Dalvir Dhaliwal , Hardip Singh , Yogesh Kumar Meena

Multimodal large language models (MLLMs) have garnered widespread attention due to their ability to understand multimodal input. However, their large parameter sizes and substantial computational demands severely hinder their practical…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-12 JiangYong Yu , Sifan Zhou , Dawei Yang , Shuo Wang , Shuoyu Li , Xing Hu , Chen Xu , Zukang Xu , Changyong Shu , Zhihang Yuan

Post-training quantization (PTQ) offers an efficient approach to compressing large language models (LLMs), significantly reducing memory access and computational costs. Existing compensation-based weight calibration methods often rely on a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-17 Xingyu Zheng , Haotong Qin , Yuye Li , Haoran Chu , Jiakai Wang , Jinyang Guo , Michele Magno , Xianglong Liu

Diffusion models have recently dominated image synthesis tasks. However, the iterative denoising process is expensive in computations at inference time, making diffusion models less practical for low-latency and scalable real-world…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-11-02 Yefei He , Luping Liu , Jing Liu , Weijia Wu , Hong Zhou , Bohan Zhuang

Post-Training Quantization (PTQ) is critical for the efficient deployment of Large Language Models (LLMs). While 4-bit quantization is widely regarded as an optimal trade-off, reducing the precision to 2-bit usually triggers a catastrophic…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-23 Chenxi Zhou , Pengfei Cao , Jiang Li , Bohan Yu , Jinyu Ye , Jun Zhao , Kang Liu

Adaptive Rounding has emerged as an alternative to round-to-nearest (RTN) for post-training quantization by enabling cross-element error cancellation. Yet, dense and element-wise rounding matrices are prohibitively expensive for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Yuli Zhou , Qingxuan Chen , Luca Benini , Guolei Sun , Yawei Li

Post-training quantization is widely employed to reduce the computational demands of neural networks. Typically, individual substructures, such as layers or blocks of layers, are quantized with the objective of minimizing quantization…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-07 Khasmamad Shabanovi , Lukas Wiest , Vladimir Golkov , Daniel Cremers , Thomas Pfeil
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