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Time-series forecasting plays a critical role in many real-world applications. Although increasingly powerful models have been developed and achieved superior results on benchmark datasets, through a fine-grained sample-level inspection, we…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Zhining Liu , Ze Yang , Xiao Lin , Ruizhong Qiu , Tianxin Wei , Yada Zhu , Hendrik Hamann , Jingrui He , Hanghang Tong

Recent research on time series foundation models has primarily focused on forecasting, leaving it unclear how generalizable their learned representations are. In this study, we examine whether frozen pre-trained forecasting models can…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-31 Andreas Auer , Daniel Klotz , Sebastinan Böck , Sepp Hochreiter

Transformer-based foundation models have emerged as a dominant paradigm in time series analysis, offering unprecedented capabilities in tasks such as forecasting, anomaly detection, classification, trend analysis and many more time series…

A recent trend in deep learning algorithms has been towards training large scale models, having high parameter count and trained on big dataset. However, robustness of such large scale models towards real-world settings is still a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-09-15 Nishant Jain , Harkirat Behl , Yogesh Singh Rawat , Vibhav Vineet

Foundation models constitute a significant advancement in computer vision: after a single, albeit costly, training phase, they can address a wide array of tasks. In the field of Earth observation, over 75 remote sensing vision foundation…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-07 Pierre Adorni , Minh-Tan Pham , Stéphane May , Sébastien Lefèvre

Behavioral Foundation Models (BFMs) proved successful in producing policies for arbitrary tasks in a zero-shot manner, requiring no test-time training or task-specific fine-tuning. Among the most promising BFMs are the ones that estimate…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-05 Maksim Bobrin , Ilya Zisman , Alexander Nikulin , Vladislav Kurenkov , Dmitry Dylov

The recent boom of linear forecasting models questions the ongoing passion for architectural modifications of Transformer-based forecasters. These forecasters leverage Transformers to model the global dependencies over temporal tokens of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-15 Yong Liu , Tengge Hu , Haoran Zhang , Haixu Wu , Shiyu Wang , Lintao Ma , Mingsheng Long

Large pre-trained models excel in zero/few-shot learning for language and vision tasks but face challenges in multivariate time series (TS) forecasting due to diverse data characteristics. Consequently, recent research efforts have focused…

Zero-shot depth completion has gained attention for its ability to generalize across environments without sensor-specific datasets or retraining. However, most existing approaches rely on diffusion-based test-time optimization, which is…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-06 Minseok Seo , Wonjun Lee , Jaehyuk Jang , Changick Kim

Time series data are inherently functions of time, yet current transformers often learn time series by modeling them as mere concatenations of time periods, overlooking their functional properties. In this work, we propose a novel objective…

Financial time-series forecasting is critical for maintaining economic stability, guiding informed policymaking, and promoting sustainable investment practices. However, it remains challenging due to various underlying pattern shifts. These…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-28 Zhuohang Zhu , Haodong Chen , Qiang Qu , Vera Chung

Modern web applications--from real-time content recommendation and dynamic pricing to CDN optimization--increasingly rely on time-series forecasting to deliver personalized experiences to billions of users. Large-scale Transformer-based…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-25 Pranav Subbaraman , Fang Sun , Yue Yao , Huacong Tang , Xiao Luo , Yizhou Sun

Advances in time-series forecasting are driving a shift from conventional machine learning models to foundation models (FMs) that are trained with generalized knowledge. However, existing FMs still perform poorly in the energy fields, such…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-24 Rui Liang , Yang Deng , Donghua Xie , Fang He , Dan Wang

While numerous forecasters have been proposed using different network architectures, the Transformer-based models have state-of-the-art performance in time series forecasting. However, forecasters based on Transformers are still suffering…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-06 Kun Yi , Jingru Fei , Qi Zhang , Hui He , Shufeng Hao , Defu Lian , Wei Fan

As the potential of foundation models in visual tasks has garnered significant attention, pretraining these models before downstream tasks has become a crucial step. The three key factors in pretraining foundation models are the pretraining…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-08-13 Keumgang Cha , Junghoon Seo , Taekyung Lee

The rise in energy demand highlights the importance of suitable subsurface storage, requiring detailed and accurate subsurface characterization often reliant on high-quality borehole well log data. However, obtaining complete well-log data…

Time Series Forecasting has been an active area of research due to its many applications ranging from network usage prediction, resource allocation, anomaly detection, and predictive maintenance. Numerous publications published in the last…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-11-08 Aryan Jadon , Avinash Patil , Shruti Jadon

The past decade has witnessed significant advances in time series modeling with deep learning. While achieving state-of-the-art results, the best-performing architectures vary highly across applications and domains. Meanwhile, for natural…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-04-03 Defu Cao , Furong Jia , Sercan O Arik , Tomas Pfister , Yixiang Zheng , Wen Ye , Yan Liu

Forward and inverse models are used throughout different engineering fields to predict and understand the behaviour of systems and to find parameters from a set of observations. These models use root-finding and minimisation techniques…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2023-08-08 Preslav Aleksandrov

Unlike natural language processing and computer vision, the development of Foundation Models (FMs) for time series forecasting is blocked due to data scarcity. While recent efforts are focused on building such FMs by unlocking the potential…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-10 Qingxiang Liu , Xu Liu , Chenghao Liu , Qingsong Wen , Yuxuan Liang