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Interpretable models are designed to make decisions in a human-interpretable manner. Representatively, Concept Bottleneck Models (CBM) follow a two-step process of concept prediction and class prediction based on the predicted concepts. CBM…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-05 Eunji Kim , Dahuin Jung , Sangha Park , Siwon Kim , Sungroh Yoon

Explainable AI (XAI) is an important developing area but remains relatively understudied for clustering. We propose an explainable-by-design clustering approach that not only finds clusters but also exemplars to explain each cluster. The…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-09-21 Ian Davidson , Michael Livanos , Antoine Gourru , Peter Walker , Julien Velcin , S. S. Ravi

Most existing interpretable methods explain a black-box model in a post-hoc manner, which uses simpler models or data analysis techniques to interpret the predictions after the model is learned. However, they (a) may derive contradictory…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-01-22 Mengzhuo Guo , Qingpeng Zhang , Xiuwu Liao , Daniel Dajun Zeng

Conditional Neural Processes~(CNPs) formulate distributions over functions and generate function observations with exact conditional likelihoods. CNPs, however, have limited expressivity for high-dimensional observations, since their…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-03-24 Zesheng Ye , Jing Du , Lina Yao

Causal discovery methods are intrinsically constrained by the set of assumptions needed to ensure structure identifiability. Moreover additional restrictions are often imposed in order to simplify the inference task: this is the case for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-04-07 Francesco Montagna , Nicoletta Noceti , Lorenzo Rosasco , Kun Zhang , Francesco Locatello

Artificial Intelligence (AI) is often an integral part of modern decision support systems. The best-performing predictive models used in AI-based decision support systems lack transparency. Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) aims to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-25 Tuwe Löfström , Helena Löfström , Ulf Johansson , Cecilia Sönströd , Rudy Matela

Neural networks are powerful function approximators with tremendous potential in learning complex distributions. However, they are prone to overfitting on spurious patterns. Bayesian inference provides a principled way to regularize neural…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-02 Yanzhe Bekkemoen , Helge Langseth

The demand for open and trustworthy AI models points towards widespread publishing of model weights. Consumers of these model weights must be able to act accordingly with the information provided. That said, one of the simplest AI…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-21 Danial Dervovic , Freddy Lécué , Nicolás Marchesotti , Daniele Magazzeni

The explainability of machine learning algorithms is crucial, and numerous methods have emerged recently. Local, post-hoc methods assign an attribution score to each feature, indicating its importance for the prediction. However, these…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-08-12 Giorgio Visani , Vincenzo Stanzione , Damien Garreau

Providing explanations about how machine learning algorithms work and/or make particular predictions is one of the main tools that can be used to improve their trusworthiness, fairness and robustness. Among the most intuitive type of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-04-12 Rubén Ruiz-Torrubiano

The widespread application of pre-trained language models (PLMs) in natural language processing (NLP) has led to increasing concerns about their explainability. Selective rationalization is a self-explanatory framework that selects…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-01-07 Libing Yuan , Shuaibo Hu , Kui Yu , Le Wu

Uncovering rationales behind predictions of graph neural networks (GNNs) has received increasing attention over recent years. Instance-level GNN explanation aims to discover critical input elements, like nodes or edges, that the target GNN…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-12-20 Tianxiang Zhao , Dongsheng Luo , Xiang Zhang , Suhang Wang

Enhancing model interpretability can address spurious correlations by revealing how models draw their predictions. Concept Bottleneck Models (CBMs) can provide a principled way of disclosing and guiding model behaviors through…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-15 Jeeyung Kim , Ze Wang , Qiang Qiu

Advancements in mathematical programming have made it possible to efficiently tackle large-scale real-world problems that were deemed intractable just a few decades ago. However, provably optimal solutions may not be accepted due to the…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2023-12-22 Kevin-Martin Aigner , Marc Goerigk , Michael Hartisch , Frauke Liers , Arthur Miehlich

Deep learning models are used in critical applications, in which mistakes can have serious consequences. Therefore, it is crucial to understand how and why models generate predictions. This understanding provides useful information to check…

Generalized additive models (GAMs) are favored in many regression and binary classification problems because they are able to fit complex, nonlinear functions while still remaining interpretable. In the first part of this paper, we…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-06-03 Xuezhou Zhang , Sarah Tan , Paul Koch , Yin Lou , Urszula Chajewska , Rich Caruana

Graph Neural Networks (GNNs), which generalize the deep neural networks to graph-structured data, have achieved great success in modeling graphs. However, as an extension of deep learning for graphs, GNNs lack explainability, which largely…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-08-30 Enyan Dai , Suhang Wang

There has been a growing interest in model-agnostic methods that can make deep learning models more transparent and explainable to a user. Some researchers recently argued that for a machine to achieve a certain degree of human-level…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-06-09 Yu-Liang Chou , Catarina Moreira , Peter Bruza , Chun Ouyang , Joaquim Jorge

The limitations of purely neural learning have sparked an interest in probabilistic neurosymbolic models, which combine neural networks with probabilistic logical reasoning. As these neurosymbolic models are trained with gradient descent,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-10 Jaron Maene , Vincent Derkinderen , Luc De Raedt

Interpretability and explainability of deep neural networks are challenging due to their scale, complexity, and the agreeable notions on which the explaining process rests. Previous work, in particular, has focused on representing internal…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-11-09 Quan Tran , Nhan Dam , Tuan Lai , Franck Dernoncourt , Trung Le , Nham Le , Dinh Phung