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Addressing missing modalities presents a critical challenge in multimodal learning. Current approaches focus on developing models that can handle modality-incomplete inputs during inference, assuming that the full set of modalities are…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-06-05 Yunpeng Zhao , Cheng Chen , Qing You Pang , Quanzheng Li , Carol Tang , Beng-Ti Ang , Yueming Jin

Multimodal recommendation systems are increasingly popular for their potential to improve performance by integrating diverse data types. However, the actual benefits of this integration remain unclear, raising questions about when and how…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-08-08 Hongyu Zhou , Yinan Zhang , Aixin Sun , Zhiqi Shen

Current multimodal recommendation models have extensively explored the effective utilization of multimodal information; however, their reliance on ID embeddings remains a performance bottleneck. Even with the assistance of multimodal…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-10-28 Kangning Zhang , Jiarui Jin , Yingjie Qin , Ruilong Su , Jianghao Lin , Yong Yu , Weinan Zhang

Multimodal learning leverages the integration of diverse data modalities to enhance performance in complex tasks. Yet, it frequently encounters incomplete or redundant modality data in real-world scenarios. This paper presents a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-05 Richeng Zhou , Xuelin Zhang , Liyuan Liu

Multimodal recommender systems (MRS) improve recommendation performance by integrating complementary semantic information from multiple modalities. However, the assumption of complete multimodality rarely holds in practice due to missing…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-10-16 Huilin Chen , Miaomiao Cai , Fan Liu , Zhiyong Cheng , Richang Hong , Meng Wang

Automated food intake gesture detection plays a vital role in dietary monitoring, enabling objective and continuous tracking of eating behaviors to support better health outcomes. Wrist-worn inertial measurement units (IMUs) have been…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-11 Chunzhuo Wang , Hans Hallez , Bart Vanrumste

Generative recommendation (GR) has become a powerful paradigm in recommendation systems that implicitly links modality and semantics to item representation, in contrast to previous methods that relied on non-semantic item identifiers in…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-04-01 Jing Zhu , Mingxuan Ju , Yozen Liu , Danai Koutra , Neil Shah , Tong Zhao

This paper presents an open-source toolbox, MMRec for multimodal recommendation. MMRec simplifies and canonicalizes the process of implementing and comparing multimodal recommendation models. The objective of MMRec is to provide a unified…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-02-09 Xin Zhou

Side information is being used extensively to improve the effectiveness of sequential recommendation models. It is said to help capture the transition patterns among items. Most previous work on sequential recommendation that uses side…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2023-02-22 Yujie Lin , Zhumin Chen , Zhaochun Ren , Chenyang Wang , Qiang Yan , Maarten de Rijke , Xiuzhen Cheng , Pengjie Ren

Multimodal representation learning harmonizes distinct modalities by aligning them into a unified latent space. Recent research generalizes traditional cross-modal alignment to produce enhanced multimodal synergy but requires all modalities…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-13 Xiaohao Liu , Xiaobo Xia , Jiaheng Wei , Shuo Yang , Xiu Su , See-Kiong Ng , Tat-Seng Chua

Instruction-tuned large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated promising zero-shot generalization capabilities across various downstream tasks. Recent research has introduced multimodal capabilities to LLMs by integrating independently…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-11-29 Utsav Garg , Erhan Bas

Modern Sequential Recommendation (SR) models commonly utilize modality features to represent items, motivated in large part by recent advancements in language and vision modeling. To do so, several works completely replace ID embeddings…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-06 Liam Collins , Bhuvesh Kumar , Clark Mingxuan Ju , Tong Zhao , Donald Loveland , Leonardo Neves , Neil Shah

Multi-modal recommender system focuses on utilizing rich modal information ( i.e., images and textual descriptions) of items to improve recommendation performance. The current methods have achieved remarkable success with the powerful…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-08-20 Shouxing Ma , Yawen Zeng , Shiqing Wu , Guandong Xu

Multimodal recommender systems (MRS) integrate heterogeneous user and item data, such as text, images, and structured information, to enhance recommendation performance. The emergence of large language models (LLMs) introduces new…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-05-16 Alejo Lopez-Avila , Jinhua Du

In real-world clinical settings, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) frequently suffers from missing modalities due to equipment variability or patient cooperation issues, which can significantly affect model performance. To address this…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-23 Zhejia Zhang , Junjie Wang , Le Zhang

Exploring missing data in attributed graphs introduces unique challenges beyond those found in tabular datasets. In this work, we extend the taxonomy for missing data mechanisms to attributed graphs by proposing GAMM (Graph Attributes…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Richard Serrano , Baptiste Jeudy , Charlotte Laclau , Christine Largeron

Graph neural networks (GNNs) have become crucial in multimodal recommendation tasks because of their powerful ability to capture complex relationships between neighboring nodes. However, increasing the number of propagation layers in GNNs…

Multimedia · Computer Science 2024-11-05 Feng Mo , Lin Xiao , Qiya Song , Xieping Gao , Eryao Liang

Existing multimodal tasks mostly target at the complete input modality setting, i.e., each modality is either complete or completely missing in both training and test sets. However, the randomly missing situations have still been…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-10-25 Wei Han , Hui Chen , Min-Yen Kan , Soujanya Poria

Multimodal federated learning (MFL) has emerged as a decentralized machine learning paradigm, allowing multiple clients with different modalities to collaborate on training a global model across diverse data sources without sharing their…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-07 Huy Q. Le , Chu Myaet Thwal , Yu Qiao , Ye Lin Tun , Minh N. H. Nguyen , Eui-Nam Huh , Choong Seon Hong

Recommendation systems have become popular and effective tools to help users discover their interesting items by modeling the user preference and item property based on implicit interactions (e.g., purchasing and clicking). Humans perceive…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2023-02-10 Hongyu Zhou , Xin Zhou , Zhiwei Zeng , Lingzi Zhang , Zhiqi Shen