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Intersection scenarios provide the most complex traffic situations in Autonomous Driving and Driving Assistance Systems. Knowing where to stop in advance in an intersection is an essential parameter in controlling the longitudinal velocity…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-05-13 Runsheng Xu , Faezeh Tafazzoli , Li Zhang , Timo Rehfeld , Gunther Krehl , Arunava Seal

In this work, a deep learning approach has been developed to carry out road detection by fusing LIDAR point clouds and camera images. An unstructured and sparse point cloud is first projected onto the camera image plane and then upsampled…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-09-24 Luca Caltagirone , Mauro Bellone , Lennart Svensson , Mattias Wahde

Recent advances in sensing and communication have paved the way for collective perception in traffic management, with real-time data sharing among multiple entities. While vehicle-based collective perception has gained traction,…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-09-19 Ao Qu , Xuhuan Huang , Dajiang Suo

Urban-oriented autonomous vehicles require a reliable perception technology to tackle the high amount of uncertainties. The recently introduced compact 3D LIDAR sensor offers a surround spatial information that can be exploited to enhance…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-04-24 Achim Kampker , Mohsen Sefati , Arya Abdul Rachman , Kai Kreisköther , Pascual Campoy

Object detection plays a fundamental role in enabling Cooperative Driving Automation (CDA), which is regarded as the revolutionary solution to addressing safety, mobility, and sustainability issues of contemporary transportation systems.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-03-22 Zhengwei Bai , Guoyuan Wu , Xuewei Qi , Yongkang Liu , Kentaro Oguchi , Matthew J. Barth

Level crossing accidents remain a significant safety concern in modern railway systems, particularly under adverse weather conditions that degrade sensor performance. This review surveys state-of-the-art sensor technologies and fusion…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-02-03 Chenyang Yan , Mats Bengtsson

Fully autonomous driving systems require fast detection and recognition of sensitive objects in the environment. In this context, intelligent vehicles should share their sensor data with computing platforms and/or other vehicles, to detect…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2021-04-27 Valentina Rossi , Paolo Testolina , Marco Giordani , Michele Zorzi

We present a LiDAR-based and real-time capable 3D perception system for automated driving in urban domains. The hierarchical system design is able to model stationary and movable parts of the environment simultaneously and under real-time…

Robotics · Computer Science 2020-05-08 Jens Rieken , Markus Maurer

Motion prediction for intelligent vehicles typically focuses on estimating the most probable future evolutions of a traffic scenario. Estimating the gap acceptance, i.e., whether a vehicle merges or crosses before another vehicle with the…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-09-18 Max Bastian Mertens , Jona Ruof , Jan Strohbeck , Michael Buchholz

LiDAR model selection is a critical issue in roadside sensing systems, as it directly determines both perception capability and deployment cost. However, the lack of empirical benchmarks for comparing perception performance across different…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Shunlai Cui , Peng Cao , Yuan Zhu , Yongjiang He , Jiacheng Yin , Xiao Huo , Gang Cao , Xiaobo Liu

The fusion of multimodal sensor streams, such as camera, lidar, and radar measurements, plays a critical role in object detection for autonomous vehicles, which base their decision making on these inputs. While existing methods exploit…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-07-01 Mario Bijelic , Tobias Gruber , Fahim Mannan , Florian Kraus , Werner Ritter , Klaus Dietmayer , Felix Heide

This work aims to address the challenges in autonomous driving by focusing on the 3D perception of the environment using roadside LiDARs. We design a 3D object detection model that can detect traffic participants in roadside LiDARs in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-07-13 Walter Zimmer , Jialong Wu , Xingcheng Zhou , Alois C. Knoll

Recently, Vehicle-to-Everything(V2X) cooperative perception has attracted increasing attention. Infrastructure sensors play a critical role in this research field; however, how to find the optimal placement of infrastructure sensors is…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-01-15 Xinyu Cai , Wentao Jiang , Runsheng Xu , Wenquan Zhao , Jiaqi Ma , Si Liu , Yikang Li

Perception is a key component of Automated vehicles (AVs). However, sensors mounted to the AVs often encounter blind spots due to obstructions from other vehicles, infrastructure, or objects in the surrounding area. While recent…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-04-14 Nithish Kumar Saravanan , Varun Jammula , Yezhou Yang , Jeffrey Wishart , Junfeng Zhao

Autonomous racing provides a controlled environment for testing the software and hardware of autonomous vehicles operating at their performance limits. Competitive interactions between multiple autonomous racecars however introduce…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-01-27 Marcello Cellina , Matteo Corno , Sergio Matteo Savaresi

Sensor fusion is crucial for a performant and robust Perception system in autonomous vehicles, but sensor staleness, where data from different sensors arrives with varying delays, poses significant challenges. Temporal misalignment between…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-09 Meng Fan , Yifan Zuo , Patrick Blaes , Harley Montgomery , Subhasis Das

We present a robust and precise localization system that achieves centimeter-level localization accuracy in disparate city scenes. Our system adaptively uses information from complementary sensors such as GNSS, LiDAR, and IMU to achieve…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-03-09 Guowei Wan , Xiaolong Yang , Renlan Cai , Hao Li , Hao Wang , Shiyu Song

LiDAR and camera are two important sensors for 3D object detection in autonomous driving. Despite the increasing popularity of sensor fusion in this field, the robustness against inferior image conditions, e.g., bad illumination and sensor…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-03-23 Xuyang Bai , Zeyu Hu , Xinge Zhu , Qingqiu Huang , Yilun Chen , Hongbo Fu , Chiew-Lan Tai

LiDAR point clouds have become the most common data source in autonomous driving. However, due to the sparsity of point clouds, accurate and reliable detection cannot be achieved in specific scenarios. Because of their complementarity with…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-01-23 Leichao Cui , Xiuxian Li , Min Meng , Xiaoyu Mo

Multimodal object detection improves robustness in chal- lenging conditions by leveraging complementary cues from multiple sensor modalities. We introduce Filtered Multi- Modal Cross Attention Fusion (FMCAF), a preprocess- ing architecture…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-21 Jad Berjawi , Yoann Dupas , Christophe C'erin