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Markowitz laid the foundation of portfolio theory through the mean-variance optimization (MVO) framework. However, the effectiveness of MVO is contingent on the precise estimation of expected returns, variances, and covariances of asset…

Portfolio Management · Quantitative Finance 2025-11-11 Junhyeong Lee , Haeun Jeon , Hyunglip Bae , Yongjae Lee

Deep Reinforcement learning is a branch of unsupervised learning in which an agent learns to act based on environment state in order to maximize its total reward. Deep reinforcement learning provides good opportunity to model the complexity…

Statistical Finance · Quantitative Finance 2021-08-05 Zhaolu Dong , Shan Huang , Simiao Ma , Yining Qian

This research paper delves into the application of Deep Reinforcement Learning (DRL) in asset-class agnostic portfolio optimization, integrating industry-grade methodologies with quantitative finance. At the heart of this integration is our…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-03-14 Philip Ndikum , Serge Ndikum

Resource allocation plays a critical role in minimizing cycle time and improving the efficiency of business processes. Recently, Deep Reinforcement Learning (DRL) has emerged as a powerful technique to optimize resource allocation policies…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-03 Jeroen Middelhuis , Zaharah Bukhsh , Ivo Adan , Remco Dijkman

Deep reinforcement learning (DRL) has been applied in financial portfolio management to improve returns in changing market conditions. However, unlike most fields where DRL is widely used, the stock market is more volatile and dynamic as it…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-12 Fengchen Gu , Angelos Stefanidis , Ángel García-Fernández , Jionglong Su , Huakang Li

The problem of portfolio management represents an important and challenging class of dynamic decision making problems, where rebalancing decisions need to be made over time with the consideration of many factors such as investors…

Portfolio Management · Quantitative Finance 2021-09-29 Saeed Marzban , Erick Delage , Jonathan Yumeng Li , Jeremie Desgagne-Bouchard , Carl Dussault

In distributed optimization, the practical problem-solving performance is essentially sensitive to algorithm selection, parameter setting, problem type and data pattern. Thus, it is often laborious to acquire a highly efficient method for a…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-01-04 Daokuan Zhu , Tianqi Xu , Jie Lu

We develop a portfolio allocation framework that leverages deep learning techniques to address challenges arising from high-dimensional, non-stationary, and low-signal-to-noise market information. Our approach includes a dynamic embedding…

Portfolio Management · Quantitative Finance 2025-01-31 Jinghai He , Cheng Hua , Chunyang Zhou , Zeyu Zheng

Our work focuses on deep learning (DL) portfolio optimization, tackling challenges in long-only, multi-asset strategies across market cycles. We propose training models with limited regime data using pre-training techniques and leveraging…

Portfolio Management · Quantitative Finance 2026-01-14 Brandon Luo , Jim Skufca

Machine Learning (ML) has been embraced as a powerful tool by the financial industry, with notable applications spreading in various domains including investment management. In this work, we propose a full-cycle data-driven investment…

Portfolio Management · Quantitative Finance 2021-05-20 Haoran Wang , Shi Yu

Typical deep reinforcement learning (DRL) agents for dynamic portfolio optimization learn the factors influencing portfolio return and risk by analyzing the output values of the reward function while adjusting portfolio weights within the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-17 Ruoyu Sun , Angelos Stefanidis , Zhengyong Jiang , Jionglong Su

Dynamic hedging is the practice of periodically transacting financial instruments to offset the risk caused by an investment or a liability. Dynamic hedging optimization can be framed as a sequential decision problem; thus, Reinforcement…

Computational Finance · Quantitative Finance 2024-02-26 Andrei Neagu , Frédéric Godin , Clarence Simard , Leila Kosseim

Recent deep reinforcement learning (DRL) methods in finance show promising outcomes. However, there is limited research examining the behavior of these DRL algorithms. This paper aims to investigate their tendencies towards holding or…

Trading and Market Microstructure · Quantitative Finance 2024-07-16 Alireza Mohammadshafie , Akram Mirzaeinia , Haseebullah Jumakhan , Amir Mirzaeinia

Financial portfolio management is one of the problems that are most frequently encountered in the investment industry. Nevertheless, it is not widely recognized that both Kelly Criterion and Risk Parity collapse into Mean Variance under…

Portfolio Management · Quantitative Finance 2019-06-11 Yoshiharu Sato

Portfolio management issues have been extensively studied in the field of artificial intelligence in recent years, but existing deep learning-based quantitative trading methods have some areas where they could be improved. First of all, the…

Computational Finance · Quantitative Finance 2024-02-27 Qishuo Cheng , Le Yang , Jiajian Zheng , Miao Tian , Duan Xin

Asset allocation is an investment strategy that aims to balance risk and reward by constantly redistributing the portfolio's assets according to certain goals, risk tolerance, and investment horizon. Unfortunately, there is no simple…

Portfolio Management · Quantitative Finance 2022-08-16 Ricard Durall

Portfolio management is a fundamental problem in finance. It involves periodic reallocations of assets to maximize the expected returns within an appropriate level of risk exposure. Deep reinforcement learning (RL) has been considered a…

Computational Finance · Quantitative Finance 2022-10-05 Hui Niu , Siyuan Li , Jian Li

This paper investigates the application of Deep Reinforcement Learning (DRL) for Environment, Social, and Governance (ESG) financial portfolio management, with a specific focus on the potential benefits of ESG score-based market regulation.…

Portfolio Management · Quantitative Finance 2023-07-20 Eduardo C. Garrido-Merchán , Sol Mora-Figueroa-Cruz-Guzmán , María Coronado-Vaca

Solving portfolio management problems using deep reinforcement learning has been getting much attention in finance for a few years. We have proposed a new method using experts signals and historical price data to feed into our reinforcement…

Computational Finance · Quantitative Finance 2023-01-02 MohammadAmin Fazli , Mahdi Lashkari , Hamed Taherkhani , Jafar Habibi

The deep reinforcement learning (DRL) based Volt-VAR optimization (VVO) methods have been widely studied for active distribution networks (ADNs). However, most of them lack safety guarantees in terms of power injection uncertainties due to…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-09-30 Zhengrong Chen , Siyao Cai , A. P. Sakis Meliopoulos