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AI coding agents are increasingly acting as autonomous contributors by generating and submitting pull requests (PRs). However, we lack empirical evidence on how these agent-generated PRs differ from human contributions, particularly in how…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-04-07 Daniel Ogenrwot , John Businge

Autonomous coding agents increasingly contribute to software development by submitting pull requests on GitHub; yet, little is known about how these contributions integrate into human-driven review workflows. We present a large empirical…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-02-24 Costain Nachuma , Minhaz Zibran

AI coding agents are now submitting pull requests (PRs) to software projects, acting not just as assistants but as autonomous contributors. As these agentic contributions are rapidly increasing across real repositories, little is known…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-01-22 Ramtin Ehsani , Sakshi Pathak , Shriya Rawal , Abdullah Al Mujahid , Mia Mohammad Imran , Preetha Chatterjee

The automatic generation of pull requests (PRs) using AI agents has become increasingly common. Although AI-generated PRs are fast and easy to create, their merge rates have been reported to be lower than those created by humans. In this…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-01-27 Haruhiko Yoshioka , Takahiro Monno , Haruka Tokumasu , Taiki Wakamatsu , Yuki Ota , Nimmi Weeraddana , Kenichi Matsumoto

Although coding agents have introduced new coordination dynamics in collaborative software development, detailed interactions in practice remain underexplored, especially for the code review process. In this study, we mine agent-authored PR…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-04-07 Islem Khemissi , Moataz Chouchen , Dong Wang , Raula Gaikovina Kula

AI coding agents increasingly submit pull requests (Agentic-PRs) to open-source repositories, yet their performance is commonly assessed using merge and rejection outcomes alone. We hypothesized that these outcome labels do not reliably…

We analyze code review interactions for AI-generated pull requests (PRs) on GitHub using the AIDev dataset and compare them to human-authored PRs within the same repositories. We find that most AI-generated PRs receive no review and, when…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-05-05 Kacper Duma , Patryk Wróblewski , Jagoda Bobińska , Julia Winiarska , Piotr Przymus

Pull request (PR) descriptions generated by AI coding agents are the primary channel for communicating code changes to human reviewers. However, the alignment between these messages and the actual changes remains unexplored, raising…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-01-27 Jingzhi Gong , Giovanni Pinna , Yixin Bian , Jie M. Zhang

AI coding agents can autonomously generate pull requests (PRs), yet little is known about how their contributions compare to those of humans. We analyze 33,596 agent-generated PRs (APRs) and 6,618 human PRs (HPRs) to compare code-change…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-01-27 Dung Pham , Taher A. Ghaleb

Code review is a critical software engineering practice where developers review code changes before integration to ensure code quality, detect defects, and improve maintainability. In recent years, AI agents that can understand code…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-03-18 Suzhen Zhong , Shayan Noei , Ying Zou , Bram Adams

AI-based coding agents are increasingly integrated into software development workflows, collaborating with developers to create pull requests (PRs). Despite their growing adoption, the role of human-agent collaboration in software testing…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-01-30 Roberto Milanese , Francesco Salzano , Angelica Spina , Antonio Vitale , Remo Pareschi , Fausto Fasano , Mattia Fazzini

As software engineering moves toward SE3.0, AI agents are increasingly used to carry out development tasks and contribute changes to software projects. It is therefore important to understand the extent of these contributions and how human…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-01-29 Kazuma Yamasaki , Joseph Ayobami Joshua , Tasha Settewong , Mahmoud Alfadel , Kazumasa Shimari , Kenichi Matsumoto

Autonomous coding agents are reshaping software development by creating pull requests (PRs) on GitHub, referred to as agentic PRs. In parallel, the review process is also becoming autonomous, thereby making reviewer bots key actors in the…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Syeda Kaneez Fatima , Yousuf Abrar , Abdul Rehman Tahir , Amelia Nawaz , Shamsa Abid , Abdul Ali Bangash

Autonomous coding agents are increasingly deployed as AI teammates in modern software engineering, independently authoring pull requests (PRs) that modify production code at scale. This study aims to systematically characterize how…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-01-05 Mohammed Latif Siddiq , Xinye Zhao , Vinicius Carvalho Lopes , Beatrice Casey , Joanna C. S. Santos

The rise of large language models for code has reshaped software development. Autonomous coding agents, able to create branches, open pull requests, and perform code reviews, now actively contribute to real-world projects. Their growing…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-04-02 Razvan Mihai Popescu , David Gros , Andrei Botocan , Rahul Pandita , Prem Devanbu , Maliheh Izadi

Large Language Models (LLMs) increasingly automate software engineering tasks. While recent studies highlight the accelerated adoption of ``AI as a teammate'' in Open Source Software (OSS), developer interaction patterns remain…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Haoyu Gao , Peerachai Banyongrakkul , Hao Guan , Mansooreh Zahedi , Christoph Treude

Testing is a critical practice for ensuring software correctness and long-term maintainability. As agentic coding tools increasingly submit pull requests (PRs), it becomes essential to understand how testing appears in these agent-driven…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-01-08 Sabrina Haque , Sarvesh Ingale , Christoph Csallner

In this paper, we present a comparative study of five autonomous coding agents using AIDev-pop, which is a public dataset containing thousands of AI-generated pull requests (PRs) across popular open-source repositories. We evaluate agents'…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Shojibur Rahman , Md Fazle Rabbi , Minhaz Zibran

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly being integrated into software development processes. The ability to generate code and submit pull requests with minimal human intervention, through the use of autonomous AI agents, is poised to…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Miku Watanabe , Hao Li , Yutaro Kashiwa , Brittany Reid , Hajimu Iida , Ahmed E. Hassan

AI coding agents are reshaping software development through both autonomous and human-mediated pull requests (PRs). When developers use AI agents to generate code under their own accounts, code authorship attribution becomes critical for…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-01-27 Taher A. Ghaleb
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