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Accurately estimating human skill levels is crucial for designing effective human-AI interactions so that AI can provide appropriate challenges or guidance. In games where AI players have beaten top human professionals, strength estimation…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-02 Kyota Kuboki , Tatsuyoshi Ogawa , Chu-Hsuan Hsueh , Shi-Jim Yen , Kokolo Ikeda

To balance the load and to discourage the free-riding in peer-to-peer (P2P) networks, many incentive mechanisms and policies have been proposed in recent years. Global peer ranking is one such mechanism. In this mechanism, peers are ranked…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2017-02-28 Sateesh Kumar Awasthi , Yatindra Nath Singh

Online bipartite matching, where agents are known in advance but items arrive sequentially and must be irrevocably assigned, is fundamental to problems ranging from ride-sharing to online advertising. When agents belong to classes such as…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2026-05-25 Sander Borst , Max Springer

The selection of an appropriate competition format is critical for both the success and credibility of any competition, both real and simulated. In this paper, the automated parallelism offered by the RoboCupSoccer 2D simulation league is…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2014-06-27 David Budden , Peter Wang , Oliver Obst , Mikhail Prokopenko

Matching platforms, from ridesharing to food delivery to competitive gaming, face a fundamental operational dilemma: match agents immediately to minimize waiting costs, or delay to exploit the efficiency gains of thicker markets. Yet…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-01-30 Jie Liu , Hailun Zhang , Jiheng Zhang

This paper considers an online multi-player resource-sharing game with bandit feedback. Multiple players choose from a finite collection of resources in a time slotted system. In each time slot, each resource brings a random reward that is…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2025-02-18 Mevan Wijewardena , Michael. J Neely

There is increasing attention to evaluating the fairness of search system ranking decisions. These metrics often consider the membership of items to particular groups, often identified using protected attributes such as gender or ethnicity.…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2021-08-12 Ömer Kırnap , Fernando Diaz , Asia Biega , Michael Ekstrand , Ben Carterette , Emine Yılmaz

Ranking plays a central role in connecting users and providers in Information Retrieval (IR) systems, making provider-side fairness an important challenge. While recent research has begun to address fairness in ranking, most existing…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Yiteng Tu , Weihang Su , Shuguang Han , Yiqun Liu , Qingyao Ai

As one of the most pervasive applications of machine learning, recommender systems are playing an important role on assisting human decision making. The satisfaction of users and the interests of platforms are closely related to the quality…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2023-08-04 Yunqi Li , Hanxiong Chen , Shuyuan Xu , Yingqiang Ge , Juntao Tan , Shuchang Liu , Yongfeng Zhang

The organizer of a machine learning competition faces the problem of maintaining an accurate leaderboard that faithfully represents the quality of the best submission of each competing team. What makes this estimation problem particularly…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2015-02-17 Avrim Blum , Moritz Hardt

From the viewpoint of networks, a ranking system for players or teams in sports is equivalent to a centrality measure for sports networks, whereby a directed link represents the result of a single game. Previously proposed network-based…

Physics and Society · Physics 2012-12-07 Shun Motegi , Naoki Masuda

Large Language Model-enhanced Recommender Systems (LLM-enhanced RSs) have emerged as a powerful approach to improving recommendation quality by leveraging LLMs to generate item representations. Despite these advancements, the integration of…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-07-08 Jiaming Zhang , Yuyuan Li , Yiqun Xu , Li Zhang , Xiaohua Feng , Zhifei Ren , Chaochao Chen

The evaluation of general-purpose artificial agents, particularly those based on LLMs, presents a significant challenge due to the non-transitive nature of their interactions. When agent A defeats B, B defeats C, and C defeats A,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-06 Saad Alqithami

We introduce a new measure to capture fairness of a schedule in a single round robin (SRR) tournament when participants are ranked by strength. To prevent distortion of the outcome of an SRR tournament as well as to guarantee equal…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-02-07 Sten Wessel , Cor Hurkens , Frits Spieksma

We introduce a novel system of matching and scoring players in tournaments, called Multi-Tier Tournaments, illustrated by chess and based on the following rules: 1. Players are divided into skill-based tiers, based on their Elo ratings. 2.…

Theoretical Economics · Economics 2024-07-22 Steven J. Brams , Mehmet S. Ismail

Matchmaking connects multiple players to participate in online player-versus-player games. Current matchmaking systems depend on a single core strategy: create fair games at all times. These systems pair similarly skilled players on the…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2018-06-27 Zhengxing Chen , Su Xue , John Kolen , Navid Aghdaie , Kazi A. Zaman , Yizhou Sun , Magy Seif El-Nasr

Despite recent advancements in AI and NLP, negotiation remains a difficult domain for AI agents. Traditional game theoretic approaches that have worked well for two-player zero-sum games struggle in the context of negotiation due to their…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-09-30 Ryan Shea , Zhou Yu

To regulate a social system comprised of self-interested agents, economic incentives are often required to induce a desirable outcome. This incentive design problem naturally possesses a bilevel structure, in which a designer modifies the…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2022-10-14 Boyi Liu , Jiayang Li , Zhuoran Yang , Hoi-To Wai , Mingyi Hong , Yu Marco Nie , Zhaoran Wang

The effectiveness of machine learning in evaluating the creditworthiness of loan applicants has been demonstrated for a long time. However, there is concern that the use of automated decision-making processes may result in unequal treatment…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-23 Darie Moldovan

In this paper, we focus on how to dynamically allocate a divisible resource fairly among n players who arrive and depart over time. The players may have general heterogeneous valuations over the resource. It is known that the exact…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2018-04-19 Bo Li , Wenyang Li , Yingkai Li