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Human oversight of AI is promoted as a safeguard against risks such as inaccurate outputs, system malfunctions, or violations of fundamental rights, and is mandated in regulation like the European AI Act. Yet debates on human oversight have…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-03-06 Jonas C. Ditz , Veronika Lazar , Elmar Lichtmeß , Carola Plesch , Matthias Heck , Kevin Baum , Markus Langer

As LLMs expand from assistance to decision support, a dangerous pattern emerges: fluent agreement without calibrated judgment. Low-friction assistants can become sycophantic, baking in implicit assumptions and pushing verification costs…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-26 Raunak Jain

As large language models (LLMs) become increasingly integrated into society, their alignment with human morals is crucial. To better understand this alignment, we created a large corpus of human- and LLM-generated responses to various moral…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-10-11 Basile Garcia , Crystal Qian , Stefano Palminteri

All of the frontier AI companies have published safety frameworks where they define capability thresholds and risk mitigations that determine how they will safely develop and deploy their models. Adoption of systematic approaches to risk…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Simon Mylius

Creating agents that can interact naturally with humans is a common goal in artificial intelligence (AI) research. However, evaluating these interactions is challenging: collecting online human-agent interactions is slow and expensive, yet…

As AI systems advance in capabilities, measuring their safety and alignment to human values is becoming paramount. A fast-growing field of AI research is devoted to developing such assessments. However, most current advances therein may be…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Max Hellrigel-Holderbaum , Edward James Young

Safety alignment is an essential research topic for real-world AI applications. Despite the multifaceted nature of safety and trustworthiness in AI, current safety alignment methods often focus on a comprehensive notion of safety. By…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-02-05 Thien Q. Tran , Akifumi Wachi , Rei Sato , Takumi Tanabe , Youhei Akimoto

The question of whether artificial entities deserve moral consideration has become one of the defining ethical challenges of AI research. Existing frameworks for moral patiency rely on verified ontological properties, such as sentience,…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Faezeh B. Pasandi , Hannah B. Pasandi

In complex environments, where the human sensory system reaches its limits, our behaviour is strongly driven by our beliefs about the state of the world around us. Accessing others' beliefs, intentions, or mental states in general, could…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-10-19 Francesca Bianco , Dimitri Ognibene

Deep research systems, agentic AI that solve complex, multi-step tasks by coordinating reasoning, search across the open web and user files, and tool use, are moving toward hierarchical deployments with a Planner, Coordinator, and…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-11-06 Wenjun Li , Zhi Chen , Jingru Lin , Hannan Cao , Wei Han , Sheng Liang , Zhi Zhang , Kuicai Dong , Dexun Li , Chen Zhang , Yong Liu

As users increasingly turn to LLMs for practical and personal advice, they become vulnerable to subtle steering toward hidden incentives misaligned with their own interests. While existing NLP research has benchmarked manipulation…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-30 Jocelyn Shen , Amina Luvsanchultem , Jessica Kim , Kynnedy Smith , Valdemar Danry , Kantwon Rogers , Hae Won Park , Maarten Sap , Cynthia Breazeal

Robot learning requires a considerable amount of high-quality data to realize the promise of generalization. However, large data sets are costly to collect in the real world. Physics simulators can cheaply generate vast data sets with broad…

Existing work on the alignment problem has focused mainly on (1) qualitative descriptions of the alignment problem; (2) attempting to align AI actions with human interests by focusing on value specification and learning; and/or (3) focusing…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Aidan Kierans , Avijit Ghosh , Hananel Hazan , Shiri Dori-Hacohen

This paper examines the challenges associated with achieving life-long superalignment in AI systems, particularly large language models (LLMs). Superalignment is a theoretical framework that aspires to ensure that superintelligent AI…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2024-03-25 Gokul Puthumanaillam , Manav Vora , Pranay Thangeda , Melkior Ornik

Robustness of reasoning remains a significant challenge for large language models, and addressing it is essential for the practical applicability of AI-driven reasoning systems. We introduce Semantic Self-Verification (SSV), a novel…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-07-15 Mohammad Raza , Natasa Milic-Frayling

The emergence of pre-trained AI systems with powerful capabilities across a diverse and ever-increasing set of complex domains has raised a critical challenge for AI safety as tasks can become too complicated for humans to judge directly.…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-11-27 Jonah Brown-Cohen , Geoffrey Irving , Georgios Piliouras

The field of artificial intelligence (AI) alignment aims to investigate whether AI technologies align with human interests and values and function in a safe and ethical manner. AI alignment is particularly relevant for large language models…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2023-01-18 Thilo Hagendorff , Sarah Fabi

Practical uses of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in the real world have demonstrated the importance of embedding moral choices into intelligent agents. They have also highlighted that defining top-down ethical constraints on AI according to…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2023-08-31 Elizaveta Tennant , Stephen Hailes , Mirco Musolesi

State resetting is a fundamental but often overlooked capability of simulators. It supports sample-based planning by allowing resets to previously encountered simulation states, and enables calibration of simulators using real data by…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-27 Nan Jiang

Rapid advances in artificial intelligence necessitate a re-examination of the epistemological foundations upon which we attribute consciousness. As AI systems increasingly mimic human behavior and interaction with high fidelity, the concept…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-07 Shurui Li