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Multimodal learning typically relies on the assumption that all modalities are fully available during both the training and inference phases. However, in real-world scenarios, consistently acquiring complete multimodal data presents…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-18 Donggeun Kim , Taesup Kim

Multimodal learning seeks to combine data from multiple input sources to enhance the performance of different downstream tasks. In real-world scenarios, performance can degrade substantially if some input modalities are missing. Existing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-10 Niki Nezakati , Md Kaykobad Reza , Ameya Patil , Mashhour Solh , M. Salman Asif

The missing modality problem poses a fundamental challenge in multimodal sentiment analysis, significantly degrading model accuracy and generalization in real world scenarios. Existing approaches primarily improve robustness through prompt…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-08 Rongfei Chen , Tingting Zhang , Xiaoyu Shen , Wei Zhang

The integration of multimodal data including pathology images and gene profiles is widely applied in precise survival prediction. Despite recent advances in multimodal survival models, collecting complete modalities for multimodal fusion…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-25 Yingxue Xu , Fengtao Zhou , Chenyu Zhao , Yihui Wang , Can Yang , Hao Chen

A common assumption in multimodal learning is the completeness of training data, i.e., full modalities are available in all training examples. Although there exists research endeavor in developing novel methods to tackle the incompleteness…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-03-11 Mengmeng Ma , Jian Ren , Long Zhao , Sergey Tulyakov , Cathy Wu , Xi Peng

We introduce a new private regression setting we call Private Regression in Multiple Outcomes (PRIMO), inspired by the common situation where a data analyst wants to perform a set of $l$ regressions while preserving privacy, where the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-16 Seth Neel

Large-scale multimodal models have shown excellent performance over a series of tasks powered by the large corpus of paired multimodal training data. Generally, they are always assumed to receive modality-complete inputs. However, this…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-22 Lianyu Hu , Tongkai Shi , Wei Feng , Fanhua Shang , Liang Wan

During multimodal model training and testing, certain data modalities may be absent due to sensor limitations, cost constraints, privacy concerns, or data loss, negatively affecting performance. Multimodal learning techniques designed to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-05 Renjie Wu , Hu Wang , Hsiang-Ting Chen , Gustavo Carneiro

Deep generative models with latent variables have been used lately to learn joint representations and generative processes from multi-modal data. These two learning mechanisms can, however, conflict with each other and representations can…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-01-24 Rogelio A. Mancisidor , Michael Kampffmeyer , Kjersti Aas , Robert Jenssen

Combining multiple modalities carrying complementary information through multimodal learning (MML) has shown considerable benefits for diagnosing multiple pathologies. However, the robustness of multimodal models to missing modalities is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-31 Hava Chaptoukaev , Vincenzo Marcianó , Francesco Galati , Maria A. Zuluaga

Multimodal learning has achieved great successes in many scenarios. Compared with unimodal learning, it can effectively combine the information from different modalities to improve the performance of learning tasks. In reality, the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-08-25 Fei Ma , Xiangxiang Xu , Shao-Lun Huang , Lin Zhang

Recently, prompt learning has garnered considerable attention for its success in various Vision-Language (VL) tasks. However, existing prompt-based models are primarily focused on studying prompt generation and prompt strategies with…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-09-10 Ruiting Dai , Yuqiao Tan , Lisi Mo , Tao He , Ke Qin , Shuang Liang

Multimodal networks have demonstrated remarkable performance improvements over their unimodal counterparts. Existing multimodal networks are designed in a multi-branch fashion that, due to the reliance on fusion strategies, exhibit…

Accurately predicting protein fitness with minimal experimental data is a persistent challenge in protein engineering. We introduce PRIMO (PRotein In-context Mutation Oracle), a transformer-based framework that leverages in-context learning…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2025-12-03 Felix Teufel , Aaron W. Kollasch , Yining Huang , Ole Winther , Kevin K. Yang , Pascal Notin , Debora S. Marks

Existing multimodal sentiment analysis tasks are highly rely on the assumption that the training and test sets are complete multimodal data, while this assumption can be difficult to hold: the multimodal data are often incomplete in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-01-26 Xianbing Zhao , Soujanya Poria , Xuejiao Li , Yixin Chen , Buzhou Tang

Using multiple spatial modalities has been proven helpful in improving semantic segmentation performance. However, there are several real-world challenges that have yet to be addressed: (a) improving label efficiency and (b) enhancing…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-04-24 Harsh Maheshwari , Yen-Cheng Liu , Zsolt Kira

Multimodal learning seeks to utilize data from multiple sources to improve the overall performance of downstream tasks. It is desirable for redundancies in the data to make multimodal systems robust to missing or corrupted observations in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-14 Md Kaykobad Reza , Ashley Prater-Bennette , M. Salman Asif

The development of multimodal models has significantly advanced multimodal sentiment analysis and emotion recognition. However, in real-world applications, the presence of various missing modality cases often leads to a degradation in the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-09 Zirun Guo , Tao Jin , Zhou Zhao

The Internet of Things (IoT) ecosystem generates vast amounts of multimodal data from heterogeneous sources such as sensors, cameras, and microphones. As edge intelligence continues to evolve, IoT devices have progressed from simple data…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-23 Heqiang Wang , Xiang Liu , Xiaoxiong Zhong , Lixing Chen , Fangming Liu , Weizhe Zhang

Multimodal Sentiment Analysis (MSA) seeks to infer human emotions by integrating textual, acoustic, and visual cues. However, existing approaches often rely on all modalities are completeness, whereas real-world applications frequently…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-11 Jindi Bao , Jianjun Qian , Mengkai Yan , Jian Yang
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