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Long-term memory is becoming a central bottleneck for language agents. Exsting RAG and GraphRAG systems largely treat memory graphs as static retrieval middleware, which limits their ability to recover complete evidence chains from partial…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-13 Juntong Wang , Haoyue Zhao , guanghui Pan , Xiyuan Wang , Yanbo Wang , Qiyan Deng , Muhan Zhang

Effective mental health counseling is a complex, theory-driven process requiring the simultaneous integration of psychological frameworks, real-time distress signals, and strategic intervention planning. This level of clinical reasoning is…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-30 Eliya Naomi Aharon , Meytal Grimland , Avi Segal , Loona Ben Dayan , Inbar Shenfeld , Yossi Levi Belz , Kobi Gal

Deep search agents, which aim to answer complex questions requiring reasoning across multiple documents, can significantly speed up the information-seeking process. Collecting human annotations for this application is prohibitively…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-27 Fangyuan Xu , Rujun Han , Yanfei Chen , Zifeng Wang , I-Hung Hsu , Jun Yan , Vishy Tirumalashetty , Eunsol Choi , Tomas Pfister , Chen-Yu Lee

A common thread of open-domain question answering (QA) models employs a retriever-reader pipeline that first retrieves a handful of relevant passages from Wikipedia and then peruses the passages to produce an answer. However, even…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-10-11 Mingxuan Ju , Wenhao Yu , Tong Zhao , Chuxu Zhang , Yanfang Ye

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) enhances the factual grounding of Large Language Models by conditioning their outputs on external documents. However, standard embedding-based retrievers treat naturally structured corpora, such as…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-05-11 Giorgia Bolognesi , Claudio Estatico , Ulderico Fugacci , Isabella Mastroianni , Claudio Muselli , Luca Oneto

Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) has demonstrated significant proficiency in conducting question-answering (QA) tasks within a specified corpus. Nonetheless, numerous failure instances of RAG in QA still exist. These failures are not…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-09 Jintao Zhang , Guoliang Li , Jinyang Su

Recent advances in Large Language Models (LLMs) have significantly improved complex reasoning capabilities. Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) has further extended these capabilities by grounding generation in dynamically retrieved…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-23 Jash Rajesh Parekh , Pengcheng Jiang , Jiawei Han

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) enhances recency and factuality in answers. However, existing evaluations rarely test how well these systems cope with real-world noise, conflicting between internal and external retrieved contexts, or…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-29 Yixiao Zeng , Tianyu Cao , Danqing Wang , Xinran Zhao , Zimeng Qiu , Morteza Ziyadi , Tongshuang Wu , Lei Li

Visual Place Recognition (VPR) requires robust retrieval of geotagged images despite large appearance, viewpoint, and environmental variation. Prior methods focus on descriptor fine-tuning or fixed sampling strategies yet neglect the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-24 Shunpeng Chen , Changwei Wang , Rongtao Xu , Xingtian Pei , Yukun Song , Jinzhou Lin , Wenhao Xu , Jingyi Zhang , Li Guo , Shibiao Xu

Traditional knowledge graph (KG) embedding methods aim to represent entities and relations in a low-dimensional space, primarily focusing on static graphs. However, real-world KGs are dynamically evolving with the constant addition of…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-08-18 Yifei Li , Lingling Zhang , Hang Yan , Tianzhe Zhao , Zihan Ma , Muye Huang , Jun Liu

Retrieval-augmented generation over semi-structured sources such as HTML is constrained by a mismatch between document structure and the flat, sequence-based interfaces of today's embedding and generative models. Retrieval pipelines often…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-04-24 Mike Rainey , Umut Acar , Muhammed Sezer

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) has become essential for large-scale code generation, grounding predictions in external code corpora to improve actuality. However, a critical yet underexplored aspect of RAG pipelines is chunking -- the…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-10-06 Yilin Zhang , Xinran Zhao , Zora Zhiruo Wang , Chenyang Yang , Jiayi Wei , Tongshuang Wu

Traditional Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) effectively supports single-hop question answering with large language models but faces significant limitations in multi-hop question answering tasks, which require combining evidence from…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Junli Liang , Pengfei Zhou , Wangqiu Zhou , Wenjie Qing , Qi Zhao , Ziwen Wang , Qi Song , Xiangyang Li

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) has emerged as a framework to address the constraints of Large Language Models (LLMs). Yet, its effectiveness fundamentally hinges on document chunking - an often-overlooked determinant of its quality.…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-03-26 Samuel Taiwo , Mohd Amaluddin Yusoff

Diffusion models manifest evident benefits across diverse domains, yet their high sampling cost, requiring dozens of sequential model evaluations, remains a major limitation. Prior efforts mainly accelerate sampling via optimized solvers or…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-22 Haoran Zhao , Tong Bai , Lei Huang , Xiaoyu Liang

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) enhances language models by grounding responses in external information, yet explainability remains a critical challenge, particularly when retrieval relies on unstructured text. Knowledge graphs (KGs)…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-14 Georgios Balanos , Evangelos Chasanis , Konstantinos Skianis , Evaggelia Pitoura

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) helps large language models (LLMs) answer knowledge-intensive and time-sensitive questions by conditioning generation on external evidence. However, most RAG systems still retrieve unstructured chunks…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-11 Jiashuo Sun , Yixuan Xie , Jimeng Shi , Shaowen Wang , Jiawei Han

Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) enhances large language models with external knowledge, and tree-based RAG organizes documents into hierarchical indexes to support queries at multiple granularities. However, existing Tree-RAG methods…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-04 Ziwen Zhao , Menglin Yang

Query rewriting is pivotal for enhancing dense retrieval, yet current methods demand large-scale supervised data or suffer from inefficient reinforcement learning (RL) exploration. In this work, we first establish that guiding Large…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-07-29 Teng Wang , Hailei Gong , Changwang Zhang , Jun Wang

Graph-based Retrieval-Augmented Generation (GraphRAG) enhances LLMs by structuring corpus into graphs to facilitate multi-hop reasoning. While recent lightweight approaches reduce indexing costs by leveraging Named Entity Recognition (NER),…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-22 Yifan Song , Xingjian Tao , Zhicheng Yang , Yihong Luo , Jing Tang
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