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We will demonstrate a conversational products recommendation agent. This system shows how we combine research in personalized recommendation systems with research in dialogue systems to build a virtual sales agent. Based on new deep…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2016-10-06 Yueming Sun , Yi Zhang , Yunfei Chen , Roger Jin

The emergence of Large Language Models (LLMs), has opened exciting possibilities for constructing computational simulations designed to replicate human behavior accurately. Current research suggests that LLM-based agents become increasingly…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-18 Amir Taubenfeld , Yaniv Dover , Roi Reichart , Ariel Goldstein

As AI systems become more advanced, ensuring their alignment with a diverse range of individuals and societal values becomes increasingly critical. But how can we capture fundamental human values and assess the degree to which AI systems…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-11-05 Hua Shen , Tiffany Knearem , Reshmi Ghosh , Yu-Ju Yang , Nicholas Clark , Tanushree Mitra , Yun Huang

As machine learning models evolve, maintaining transparency demands more human-centric explainable AI techniques. Counterfactual explanations, with roots in human reasoning, identify the minimal input changes needed to obtain a given output…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-04-23 Marharyta Domnich , Julius Välja , Rasmus Moorits Veski , Giacomo Magnifico , Kadi Tulver , Eduard Barbu , Raul Vicente

User simulation is a promising approach for automatically training and evaluating conversational information access agents, enabling the generation of synthetic dialogues and facilitating reproducible experiments at scale. However, the…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-06-28 Nolwenn Bernard , Krisztian Balog

Real-world data analysis tasks often come with under-specified goals and unclean data. User interaction is necessary to understand and disambiguate a user's intent, and hence, essential to solving these complex tasks. Existing benchmarks…

In this paper, we show that counterfactual explanations of confidence scores help users better understand and better trust an AI model's prediction in human-subject studies. Showing confidence scores in human-agent interaction systems can…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-06-08 Thao Le , Tim Miller , Ronal Singh , Liz Sonenberg

The rapid advancement of Large Language Models (LLMs) has outpaced the scalability of traditional evaluation benchmarks, which remain heavily dependent on labor-intensive expert curation. We address this bottleneck with Conv-to-Bench, a…

We present SalesSim, a framework and testbed for evaluating the ability of Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) to simulate realistic, persona-driven customer behavior in multi-turn, multi-modal, tool-augmented online retail…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Yada Pruksachatkun , Elaine Wan , Lyanna Chen , Kai-Wei Chang , Chien-Sheng Wu

An important unexplored aspect in previous work on user satisfaction estimation for Task-Oriented Dialogue (TOD) systems is their evaluation in terms of robustness for the identification of user dissatisfaction: current benchmarks for user…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-08-21 Amin Abolghasemi , Zhaochun Ren , Arian Askari , Mohammad Aliannejadi , Maarten de Rijke , Suzan Verberne

Large language models (LLMs) are now widely deployed in user-facing applications, reaching hundreds of millions worldwide. As they become integrated into everyday tasks, growing reliance on their outputs raises significant concerns. In…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-10-16 Robin Staab , Jasper Dekoninck , Maximilian Baader , Martin Vechev

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly used in the social sciences to simulate human behavior, based on the assumption that they can generate realistic, human-like text. Yet this assumption remains largely untested. Existing…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-26 Nicolò Pagan , Petter Törnberg , Christopher A. Bail , Anikó Hannák , Christopher Barrie

Quantitative evaluation metrics have traditionally been pivotal in gauging the advancements of artificial intelligence systems, including large language models (LLMs). However, these metrics have inherent limitations. Given the intricate…

As Large Language Models (LLMs) continue to exhibit increasingly human-like capabilities, aligning them with human values has become critically important. Contemporary advanced techniques, such as prompt learning and reinforcement learning,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-06 Bangde Du , Ziyi Ye , Zhijing Wu , Jankowska Monika , Shuqi Zhu , Qingyao Ai , Yujia Zhou , Yiqun Liu

Reinforcement learning (RL) has gained popularity in the realm of recommender systems due to its ability to optimize long-term rewards and guide users in discovering relevant content. However, the successful implementation of RL in…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-08-21 Nathan Corecco , Giorgio Piatti , Luca A. Lanzendörfer , Flint Xiaofeng Fan , Roger Wattenhofer

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have made remarkable progress in video understanding. However, they suffer from a critical vulnerability: an over-reliance on language priors, which can lead to visual ungrounded hallucinations,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-01 Zhe Huang , Hao Wen , Aiming Hao , Bingze Song , Meiqi Wu , Jiahong Wu , Xiangxiang Chu , Sheng Lu , Haoqian Wang

This research aims to explore various methods for assessing user feedback in mixed-initiative conversational search (CS) systems. While CS systems enjoy profuse advancements across multiple aspects, recent research fails to successfully…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2023-05-09 Paul Owoicho , Ivan Sekulić , Mohammad Aliannejadi , Jeffrey Dalton , Fabio Crestani

User simulators can rapidly generate a large volume of timely user behavior data, providing a testing platform for reinforcement learning-based recommender systems, thus accelerating their iteration and optimization. However, prevalent user…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-12-24 Zijian Zhang , Shuchang Liu , Ziru Liu , Rui Zhong , Qingpeng Cai , Xiangyu Zhao , Chunxu Zhang , Qidong Liu , Peng Jiang

With the rapid advancement of large language models (LLMs), recent years have witnessed many promising studies on leveraging LLM-based agents to simulate human social behavior. While prior work has demonstrated significant potential across…

AI-enhanced personality assessments are increasingly shaping hiring decisions, using affective computing to predict traits from the Big Five (OCEAN) model. However, integrating AI into these assessments raises ethical concerns, especially…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-11-24 Dena F. Mujtaba , Nihar R. Mahapatra