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Text-to-SQL models allow users to interact with a database more easily by generating executable SQL statements from natural-language questions. Despite recent successes on simpler databases and questions, current Text-to-SQL methods still…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-09-10 Heng Hao , Wenjun Hu , Oxana Verkholyak , Davoud Ataee Tarzanagh , Baruch Gutow , Sima Didari , Masoud Faraki , Hankyu Moon , Seungjai Min

Text-to-SQL is a task that converts a natural language question into a structured query language (SQL) to retrieve information from a database. Large language models (LLMs) work well in natural language generation tasks, but they are not…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-09-04 Chunxi Guo , Zhiliang Tian , Jintao Tang , Pancheng Wang , Zhihua Wen , Kang Yang , Ting Wang

Text-to-SQL enables non-experts to retrieve data from databases by converting natural language queries into SQL. However, state-of-the-art text-to-SQL studies rely on the BIRD dataset, which assumes that evidence is provided along with…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-10 Janghyeon Yun , Sang-goo Lee

Text-to-SQL translates natural language questions into SQL statements grounded in a target database schema. Ensuring the reliability and executability of such systems requires validating generated SQL, but most existing approaches focus…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-30 Rihong Qiu , Zhibang Yang , Xinke Jiang , Weibin Liao , Xin Gao , Xu Chu , Junfeng Zhao , Yasha Wang

Interacting with relational databases through natural language helps users of any background easily query and analyze a vast amount of data. This requires a system that understands users' questions and converts them to SQL queries…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-04-27 Tao Yu , Zifan Li , Zilin Zhang , Rui Zhang , Dragomir Radev

Text-to-SQL, a pivotal natural language processing (NLP) task that converts textual queries into executable SQL, has seen substantial progress in recent years. However, existing evaluation and reward mechanisms used to train and assess the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-01 Guifeng Wang , Yuanfeng Song , Meng Yang , Tao Zhu , Xiaoming Yin , Xing Chen

Text-to-SQL benchmarks have traditionally only tested simple data access as a translation task of natural language to SQL queries. But in reality, users tend to ask diverse questions that require more complex responses including data-driven…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-15 Yue Li , Ran Tao , Derek Hommel , Yusuf Denizay Dönder , Sungyong Chang , David Mimno , Unso Eun Seo Jo

Text-to-SQL tasks have gained attractive improvements since the release of ChatGPT. Among them, agent-based frameworks have been widely used in this field. However, the impact of data-centric strategies on text-to-SQL tasks has rarely been…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-28 Yuanzhen Xie , Liu Ye , Jiqun Chu , Mochi Gao , Hehuan Liu , Yunzhi Tan , Bo Hu , Zang Li

Recent advancements in large language models (LLMs) have significantly advanced text-to-SQL systems. However, most LLM-based methods often narrowly focus on SQL generation, neglecting the complexities of real-world conversational queries.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-09 Ziming Guo , Chao Ma , Yinggang Sun , Tiancheng Zhao , Guangyao Wang , Hai Huang

Conventional text-to-SQL parsers are not good at synthesizing complex SQL queries that involve multiple tables or columns, due to the challenges inherent in identifying the correct schema items and performing accurate alignment between…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-03-18 Yangjun Wu , Han Wang

SQL-to-Text generation aims at translating structured SQL queries into natural language descriptions, thereby facilitating comprehension of complex database operations for non-technical users. Although large language models (LLMs) have…

Databases · Computer Science 2025-11-19 Sriom Chakrabarti , Chuangtao Ma , Arijit Khan , Sebastian Link

People without a database background usually rely on file systems or tools such as Excel for data management, which often lead to redundancy and data inconsistency. Relational databases possess strong data management capabilities, but…

Schema linking -- the process of aligning natural language questions with database schema elements -- is a critical yet underexplored component of Text-to-SQL systems. While recent methods have focused primarily on improving SQL generation,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-28 Md Mahadi Hasan Nahid , Davood Rafiei , Weiwei Zhang , Yong Zhang

A practical text-to-SQL system should generalize well on a wide variety of natural language questions, unseen database schemas, and novel SQL query structures. To comprehensively evaluate text-to-SQL systems, we introduce a UNIfied…

Text-To-SQL (T2S) conversion based on large language models (LLMs) has found a wide range of applications, by leveraging the capabilities of LLMs in interpreting the query intent expressed in natural language. Existing research focuses on…

Databases · Computer Science 2024-10-30 Ziyang Zheng , Haipeng Jing , Canyu Rui , Askar Hamdulla , Dong Wang

Large language models (LLMs) with in-context learning have significantly improved the performance of text-to-SQL task. Previous works generally focus on using exclusive SQL generation prompt to improve the LLMs' reasoning ability. However,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-15 Zhenhe Wu , Zhongqiu Li , Jie Zhang , Mengxiang Li , Yu Zhao , Ruiyu Fang , Zhongjiang He , Xuelong Li , Zhoujun Li , Shuangyong Song

Large Language models (LLMs) have demonstrated significant potential in text-to-SQL reasoning tasks, yet a substantial performance gap persists between existing open-source models and their closed-source counterparts. In this paper, we…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-23 Yu Guo , Dong Jin , Shenghao Ye , Shuangwu Chen , Jian Yang , Xiaobin Tan

We consider the problem of neural semantic parsing, which translates natural language questions into executable SQL queries. We introduce a new mechanism, execution guidance, to leverage the semantics of SQL. It detects and excludes faulty…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-09-17 Chenglong Wang , Kedar Tatwawadi , Marc Brockschmidt , Po-Sen Huang , Yi Mao , Oleksandr Polozov , Rishabh Singh

The conversion of natural language into SQL language for querying databases (Text-to-SQL) has broad application prospects and has attracted widespread attention. At present, the mainstream Text-to-SQL methods are mainly divided into…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-18 Lei Sheng , Shuai-Shuai Xu , Wei Xie

We perform an empirical evaluation of Text-to-SQL capabilities of the Codex language model. We find that, without any finetuning, Codex is a strong baseline on the Spider benchmark; we also analyze the failure modes of Codex in this…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-04-04 Nitarshan Rajkumar , Raymond Li , Dzmitry Bahdanau