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Generalist robots that can perform a range of different tasks in open-world settings must be able to not only reason about the steps needed to accomplish their goals, but also process complex instructions, prompts, and even feedback during…

Humanoid robots have seen significant advancements in both design and control, with a growing emphasis on integrating these aspects to enhance overall performance. Traditionally, robot design has followed a sequential process, where control…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-10-01 Tianyi Jin , Melya Boukheddimi , Rohit Kumar , Gabriele Fadini , Frank Kirchner

Humanoid robots operating in unstructured environments must recover from unexpected disturbances-a capability that remains challenging for end-to-end control policies. We present RECOVERFORMER, a fully end-to-end humanoid recovery policy…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Zihui Liu

Enabling robust whole-body humanoid-object interaction (HOI) remains challenging due to motion data scarcity and the contact-rich nature. We present HDMI (HumanoiD iMitation for Interaction), a simple and general framework that learns…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Haoyang Weng , Yitang Li , Nikhil Sobanbabu , Zihan Wang , Zhengyi Luo , Tairan He , Deva Ramanan , Guanya Shi

The common approach for local navigation on challenging environments with legged robots requires path planning, path following and locomotion, which usually requires a locomotion control policy that accurately tracks a commanded velocity.…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-09-27 Nikita Rudin , David Hoeller , Marko Bjelonic , Marco Hutter

Learning to manipulate 3D objects in an interactive environment has been a challenging problem in Reinforcement Learning (RL). In particular, it is hard to train a policy that can generalize over objects with different semantic categories,…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-09-28 Yiran Geng , Boshi An , Haoran Geng , Yuanpei Chen , Yaodong Yang , Hao Dong

We cast real-world humanoid control as a next token prediction problem, akin to predicting the next word in language. Our model is a causal transformer trained via autoregressive prediction of sensorimotor trajectories. To account for the…

Generalizable humanoid loco-manipulation poses significant challenges, requiring coordinated whole-body control and precise, contact-rich object manipulation. To address this, this paper introduces HOMIE, a semi-autonomous teleoperation…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-04-29 Qingwei Ben , Feiyu Jia , Jia Zeng , Junting Dong , Dahua Lin , Jiangmiao Pang

A major challenge in humanoid robotics is designing a unified interface for commanding diverse whole-body behaviors, from precise footstep sequences to partial-body mimicry and joystick teleoperation. We introduce the Masked Humanoid…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-04-23 Pranay Dugar , Aayam Shrestha , Fangzhou Yu , Bart van Marum , Alan Fern

Long-horizon robotic manipulation requires plans that are both logically coherent and geometrically grounded. Existing Vision-Language-Action policies usually hide planning in latent states or expose only one modality: text-only…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-04 Jinkun Liu , Haohan Chi , Lingfeng Zhang , Yifan Xie , YuAn Wang , Long Chen , Hangjun Ye , Xiaoshuai Hao , Wenbo Ding

Humans and many animals exhibit a robust capability to manipulate diverse objects, often directly with their bodies and sometimes indirectly with tools. Such flexibility is likely enabled by the fundamental consistency in underlying physics…

Robotics · Computer Science 2021-12-02 Yuki Noguchi , Tatsuya Matsushima , Yutaka Matsuo , Shixiang Shane Gu

Vision-language-action (VLA) models have demonstrated strong semantic understanding and zero-shot generalization, yet most existing systems assume an accurate low-level controller with hand-crafted action "vocabulary" such as end-effector…

Memory capacity is a critical factor determining the performance of Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models in long-horizon manipulation tasks. Existing memory-augmented architectures primarily rely on linear or flat storage, lacking structural…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-05-13 Yanbin Hu , Jin Cui , Jiayi Lu , Ruixuan Yang , Jun Ye , Boran Zhao , Xingyu Chen , Xuguang Lan , Pengju Ren

Humanoid robots are machines built with an anthropomorphic shape. Despite decades of research into the subject, it is still challenging to tackle the robot locomotion problem from an algorithmic point of view. For example, these machines…

Robotics · Computer Science 2020-04-28 Stefano Dafarra

We introduce a novel system for human-to-robot trajectory transfer that enables robots to manipulate objects by learning from human demonstration videos. The system consists of four modules. The first module is a data collection module that…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-10-27 Sai Haneesh Allu , Jishnu Jaykumar P , Ninad Khargonkar , Tyler Summers , Jian Yao , Yu Xiang

Deep networks trained on demonstrations of human driving have learned to follow roads and avoid obstacles. However, driving policies trained via imitation learning cannot be controlled at test time. A vehicle trained end-to-end to imitate…

Robotics · Computer Science 2018-03-05 Felipe Codevilla , Matthias Müller , Antonio López , Vladlen Koltun , Alexey Dosovitskiy

It is doubtful that animals have perfect inverse models of their limbs (e.g., what muscle contraction must be applied to every joint to reach a particular location in space). However, in robot control, moving an arm's end-effector to a…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-09-19 Justus Huebotter , Serge Thill , Marcel van Gerven , Pablo Lanillos

Current end-to-end deep Reinforcement Learning (RL) approaches require jointly learning perception, decision-making and low-level control from very sparse reward signals and high-dimensional inputs, with little capability of incorporating…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-10-10 Vibhavari Dasagi , Robert Lee , Serena Mou , Jake Bruce , Niko Sünderhauf , Jürgen Leitner

Developing robust autonomous loco-manipulation skills for humanoids remains an open problem in robotics. While RL has been applied successfully to legged locomotion, applying it to complex, interaction-rich manipulation tasks is harder…

Humanoid robots are expected to operate in human-centered environments where safe and natural physical interaction is essential. However, most recent reinforcement learning (RL) policies emphasize rigid tracking and suppress external…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-11-07 Qingzhou Lu , Yao Feng , Baiyu Shi , Michael Piseno , Zhenan Bao , C. Karen Liu