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X-ray reflection spectroscopy is a powerful tool to probe the strong gravity region around black holes, but the available relativistic reflection models have a number of simplifications that lead to systematic uncertainties (not fully under…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2020-06-16 Alejandro Cardenas-Avendano , Menglei Zhou , Cosimo Bambi

X-ray reflection spectroscopy is a powerful tool to study the strong gravity region of black holes. The next generation of astrophysical X-ray missions promises to provide unprecedented high-quality data, which could permit us to get very…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2024-12-31 Honghui Liu , Askar B. Abdikamalov , Temurbek Mirzaev , Cosimo Bambi , Thomas Dauser , Javier A. Garcia , Zuobin Zhang

Einstein's theory of General Relativity predicts that the spacetime metric around astrophysical black holes is described by the Kerr solution. In this work, we employ state-of-the-art in relativistic reflection modeling to analyze a…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2021-05-31 Ashutosh Tripathi , Yuexin Zhang , Askar B. Abdikamalov , Dimitry Ayzenberg , Cosimo Bambi , Jiachen Jiang , Honghui Liu , Menglei Zhou

Relativistic reflection features are commonly observed in the X-ray spectra of accreting black holes. In the presence of high quality data and with the correct astrophysical model, X-ray reflection spectroscopy can be quite a powerful tool…

General relativity predicts the spacetime metric around an astrophysical black hole to be described by the Kerr solution, which is a massive rotating black hole without any residual charge. In a previous paper, we analyzed the NuSTAR…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2026-01-06 Ashutosh Tripathi , Swarnim Shashank , Gitika Mall , Askar Abdikamalov

The exterior geometry of a neutron star can be approximated by relativistic multipole moments of a parametrized metric using Ernst potential formalism. This spacetime can be tested with electromagnetic wave observation of astrophysical…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2018-02-06 M. Ghasemi-Nodehi

A key obstacle for theory-specific tests of general relativity is the lack of accurate black-hole solutions in beyond-Einstein theories, especially for moderate to high spins. We address this by developing a general framework--based on…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2026-01-19 Kelvin Ka-Ho Lam , Adrian Ka-Wai Chung , Nicolás Yunes

In the past decade, we have seen an unprecedented progress in our ability of testing general relativity in the strong field regime with black hole observations. Most studies have focused on the so-called tests of the Kerr hypothesis: they…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2024-03-21 Shuaitongze Zhao , Shafqat Riaz , Cosimo Bambi

The spacetime geometry around astrophysical black holes is supposed to be well approximated by the Kerr metric, but deviations from the Kerr solution are predicted in a number of scenarios involving new physics. Broad iron K$\alpha$ lines…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2016-09-12 Yueying Ni , Jiachen Jiang , Cosimo Bambi

The presence of spacetime singularities in physically relevant solutions of the Einstein Equations is normally interpreted as a symptom of the breakdown of classical general relativity at very high densities/curvatures. However, despite…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2022-11-08 Shafqat Riaz , Swarnim Shashank , Rittick Roy , Askar B. Abdikamalov , Dimitry Ayzenberg , Cosimo Bambi , Zuobin Zhang , Menglei Zhou

The gravitational field around an astrophysical black hole (BH) is thought to be described by the Kerr spacetime, which is a solution of the Einstein equation. Signatures of binary black hole (BBH) coalescence in gravitational waves (GW)…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2024-12-03 Debtroy Das , Swarnim Shashank , Cosimo Bambi

Recently the non-local gravity theory has come out to be a good candidate for an effective field theory of quantum gravity and also it can provide rich phenomenology to understand late-time accelerating expansion of the universe. For any…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2019-08-23 Utkarsh Kumar , Sukanta Panda , Avani Patel

General relativity has been tested by many experiments, which, however, almost exclusively probe weak spacetime curvatures. In this thesis, I create two frameworks for testing general relativity in the strong-field regime with observations…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2015-06-11 Tim Johannsen

Recently, two of us have found a family of singularity-free rotating black hole solutions in Einstein's conformal gravity. These spacetimes are characterized by three parameters: the black hole mass $M$, the black hole spin angular momentum…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2018-07-06 Menglei Zhou , Zheng Cao , Askar Abdikamalov , Dimitry Ayzenberg , Cosimo Bambi , Leonardo Modesto , Sourabh Nampalliwar

We present the public release version of relxill_nk, an X-ray reflection model for testing the Kerr hypothesis and general relativity. This model extends the relxill model that assumes the black hole spacetime is described by the Kerr…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2019-06-19 Askar B. Abdikamalov , Dimitry Ayzenberg , Cosimo Bambi , Thomas Dauser , Javier A. Garcia , Sourabh Nampalliwar

While Albert Einstein's theory of General Relativity (GR) has been tested extensively in our solar system, it is just beginning to be tested in the strong gravitational fields that surround black holes. As a way to study the behavior of…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2016-07-14 Janie K. Hoormann

The Kerr spacetime of spinning black holes is one of the most intriguing predictions of Einstein's theory of general relativity. The special role this spacetime plays in the theory of gravity is encapsulated in the no-hair theorem, which…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2009-12-02 Dimitrios Psaltis , Tim Johannsen

Astrophysical black hole candidates are thought to be the Kerr black hole predicted by General Relativity. In order to confirm the Kerr-nature of these objects, we need to probe the geometry of the space-time around them and see if the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2012-09-12 Cosimo Bambi

We analyse properties of general stationary and axisymmetric spacetimes, with a particular focus on circularity -- an accidental symmetry enjoyed by the Kerr metric, and therefore widely assumed when searching for rotating black hole…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-10-06 Eugeny Babichev , Jacopo Mazza

Astrophysical black holes are expected to be described by the Kerr metric. This is the only stationary, vacuum, axisymmetric metric, without electromagnetic charge, that satisfies Einstein's equations and does not have pathologies outside…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2023-11-17 The Event Horizon Telescope Collaboration