Related papers: AI-Driven Structure Refinement of X-ray Diffractio…

Full waveform inversion (FWI) is a high-resolution subsurface imaging technique, but its effectiveness is limited by challenges such as noise contamination, sparse acquisition, and artifacts from multiparameter coupling. To address these…

Generalizing across disparate physical laws remains a fundamental challenge for artificial intelligence in science. Existing deep-learning solvers are largely confined to single-equation settings, limiting transfer across physical regimes…

Materials identification and structural understanding from powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD) data is a long-standing challenge in materials science, fundamental to discovering and characterizing novel materials. A prerequisite for full…

In recent years there has been a flurry of works on learning Bayesian networks from data. One of the hard problems in this area is how to effectively learn the structure of a belief network from incomplete data- that is, in the presence of…

Imperfections in X-ray imaging systems can limit their performance, especially in High Energy Density (HED) or Inertial Fusion Energy (IFE)-relevant experiments that are typically single shot, by introducing structured, non-stationary…

The Matrix-Element Method (MEM) has long been a cornerstone of data analysis in high-energy physics. It leverages theoretical knowledge of parton-level processes and symmetries to evaluate the likelihood of observed events. In parallel, the…

In this report, we applied expectation and maximization (EM) method described by Philips et al [1] to recover two-dimensional (2D) structure from multiple sparse signal images in random orientation. The detailed derivation of EM algorithm…

Modern deep neural networks achieved remarkable progress in medical image segmentation tasks. However, it has recently been observed that they tend to produce overconfident estimates, even in situations of high uncertainty, leading to…

The reconstruction of sparse signal is an active area of research. Different from a typical i.i.d. assumption, this paper considers a non-independent prior of group structure. For this more practical setup, we propose EM-aided HyGEC, a new…

Depth estimation is an essential component in understanding the 3D geometry of a scene, with numerous applications in urban and indoor settings. These scenes are characterized by a prevalence of human made structures, which in most of the…

We present the Wavelet-based Edge Multiscale Parareal (WEMP) Algorithm, recently proposed in [Li and Hu, {\it J. Comput. Phys.}, 2021], for efficiently solving subdiffusion equations with heterogeneous coefficients in long time. This…

Spin squeezing in atomic ensembles enables atom interferometry with sensitivities below the shot-noise limit, but the associated entanglement is highly susceptible to loss, making imperfections in atom optics a central limitation. Bragg…

The classical method of determining the atomic structure of complex molecules by analyzing diffraction patterns is currently undergoing drastic developments. Modern techniques for producing extremely bright and coherent X-ray lasers allow a…

This study proposes an Artificial Intelligence (AI) driven methodology for predicting a combination of brazed ceramic-metal composite materials. Multiple machine learning (ML) algorithms are compared with the deep learning (DL) model. The…

Focusing on stochastic programming (SP) with covariate information, this paper proposes an empirical risk minimization (ERM) method embedded within a nonconvex piecewise affine decision rule (PADR), which aims to learn the direct mapping…

Incomplete data are a common feature in many domains, from clinical trials to industrial applications. Bayesian networks (BNs) are often used in these domains because of their graphical and causal interpretations. BN parameter learning from…

Accurate description of crystal structures is a prerequisite for predicting the physicochemical properties of materials. However, conventional X-ray diffraction (XRD) characterization often encounters intrinsic bottlenecks when applied to…

Analyzing large X-ray diffraction (XRD) datasets is a key step in high-throughput mapping of the compositional phase diagrams of combinatorial materials libraries. Optimizing and automating this task can help accelerate the process of…

Crystal property prediction, governed by quantum mechanical principles, is computationally prohibitive to solve exactly for large many-body systems using traditional density functional theory. While machine learning models have emerged as…

X-ray diffraction (XRD) is an essential technique to determine a material's crystal structure in high-throughput experimentation, and has recently been incorporated in artificially intelligent agents in autonomous scientific discovery…