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The fairness and trustworthiness of Large Language Models (LLMs) are receiving increasing attention. Implicit hate speech, which employs indirect language to convey hateful intentions, occupies a significant portion of practice. However,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-24 Min Zhang , Jianfeng He , Taoran Ji , Chang-Tien Lu

Using Large Language Models (LLMs) for Process Mining (PM) tasks is becoming increasingly essential, and initial approaches yield promising results. However, little attention has been given to developing strategies for evaluating and…

Databases · Computer Science 2024-07-01 Alessandro Berti , Humam Kourani , Hannes Hafke , Chiao-Yun Li , Daniel Schuster

Large Language Models (LLMs) have made significant progress in reasoning, demonstrating their capability to generate human-like responses. This study analyzes the problem-solving capabilities of LLMs in the domain of thermodynamics. A…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2025-12-18 Rebecca Loubet , Pascal Zittlau , Luisa Vollmer , Marco Hoffmann , Sophie Fellenz , Fabian Jirasek , Heike Leitte , Hans Hasse

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated exceptional coding capability. However, as another critical component of programming proficiency, the debugging capability of LLMs remains relatively unexplored. Previous evaluations of LLMs'…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-06-07 Runchu Tian , Yining Ye , Yujia Qin , Xin Cong , Yankai Lin , Yinxu Pan , Yesai Wu , Haotian Hui , Weichuan Liu , Zhiyuan Liu , Maosong Sun

Large Language Models (LLMs) have become powerful tools for automated code generation. However, these models often overlook critical security practices, which can result in the generation of insecure code that contains…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-07-01 Hao Yan , Swapneel Suhas Vaidya , Xiaokuan Zhang , Ziyu Yao

Malicious traffic detection is a pivotal technology for network security to identify abnormal network traffic and detect network attacks. Large Language Models (LLMs) are trained on a vast corpus of text, have amassed remarkable…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2025-06-24 Xinggong Zhang , Haotian Meng , Qingyang Li , Yunpeng Tan , Lei Zhang

LLMs produce harmful and undesirable behavior when trained on datasets containing even a small fraction of poisoned data. We demonstrate that GPT models remain vulnerable to fine-tuning on poisoned data, even when safeguarded by moderation…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-07-18 Dillon Bowen , Brendan Murphy , Will Cai , David Khachaturov , Adam Gleave , Kellin Pelrine

Large language models (LLMs) enhance security through alignment when widely used, but remain susceptible to jailbreak attacks capable of producing inappropriate content. Jailbreak detection methods show promise in mitigating jailbreak…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-01-26 Guorui Chen , Yifan Xia , Xiaojun Jia , Zhijiang Li , Philip Torr , Jindong Gu

Large Language Models (LLMs) such as Gemma-2B have shown strong performance in various natural language processing tasks. However, general-purpose models often lack the domain expertise required for cybersecurity applications. This work…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-01-13 Vasanth Iyer , Leonardo Bobadilla , S. S. Iyengar

The integration of large language models (LLMs) into various pipelines is increasingly widespread, effectively automating many manual tasks and often surpassing human capabilities. Cybersecurity researchers and practitioners have recognised…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-05-01 Constantinos Patsakis , Fran Casino , Nikolaos Lykousas

Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly used in software engineering research, offering new opportunities for automating repository mining tasks. However, despite their growing popularity, the methodological integration of LLMs into…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-08-12 Vincenzo De Martino , Joel Castaño , Fabio Palomba , Xavier Franch , Silverio Martínez-Fernández

The advancement of large language models (LLMs) has led to a greater challenge of having a rigorous and systematic evaluation of complex tasks performed, especially in enterprise applications. Therefore, LLMs need to be able to benchmark…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-18 Bing Zhang , Mikio Takeuchi , Ryo Kawahara , Shubhi Asthana , Md. Maruf Hossain , Guang-Jie Ren , Kate Soule , Yada Zhu

Large Language Models (LLMs), such as ChatGPT and Bard, have revolutionized natural language understanding and generation. They possess deep language comprehension, human-like text generation capabilities, contextual awareness, and robust…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-03-22 Yifan Yao , Jinhao Duan , Kaidi Xu , Yuanfang Cai , Zhibo Sun , Yue Zhang

Large Language Models (LLMs) transform artificial intelligence, driving advancements in natural language understanding, text generation, and autonomous systems. The increasing complexity of their development and deployment introduces…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-02-19 Shenao Wang , Yanjie Zhao , Zhao Liu , Quanchen Zou , Haoyu Wang

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly used to help security analysts manage the surge of cyber threats, automating tasks from vulnerability assessment to incident response. Yet in operational CTI workflows, reliability gaps remain…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-29 Yuqiao Meng , Luoxi Tang , Feiyang Yu , Jinyuan Jia , Guanhua Yan , Ping Yang , Zhaohan Xi

Background and Context: Over the past year, large language models (LLMs) have taken the world by storm. In computing education, like in other walks of life, many opportunities and threats have emerged as a consequence. Objectives: In this…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2023-06-12 Arto Hellas , Juho Leinonen , Sami Sarsa , Charles Koutcheme , Lilja Kujanpää , Juha Sorva

Large Language Models (LLMs) have revolutionised natural language processing tasks, particularly as chat agents. However, their applicability to threat detection problems remains unclear. This paper examines the feasibility of employing…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-04-21 Paul R. B. Houssel , Priyanka Singh , Siamak Layeghy , Marius Portmann

This study investigates whether large language models (LLMs) can function as intelligent collaborators to bridge expertise gaps in cybersecurity decision-making. We examine two representative tasks-phishing email detection and intrusion…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-05-07 Shahroz Tariq , Ronal Singh , Mohan Baruwal Chhetri , Surya Nepal , Cecile Paris

This study presents a comprehensive empirical evaluation of six state-of-the-art large language models (LLMs) for code generation, including both general-purpose and code-specialized models. Using a dataset of 944 real-world LeetCode…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-12-23 Le Zhang , Suresh Kothari

While code review is central to the software development process, it can be tedious and expensive to carry out. In this paper, we investigate whether and how Large Language Models (LLMs) can aid with code reviews. Our investigation focuses…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-03-14 Rasmus Ingemann Tuffveson Jensen , Vali Tawosi , Salwa Alamir