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Speech emotion recognition is an important and challenging task in the realm of human-computer interaction. Prior work proposed a variety of models and feature sets for training a system. In this work, we conduct extensive experiments using…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2017-06-05 Michael Neumann , Ngoc Thang Vu

Lack of large, well-annotated emotional speech corpora continues to limit the performance and robustness of speech emotion recognition (SER), particularly as models grow more complex and the demand for multimodal systems increases. While…

Sound · Computer Science 2026-02-13 Chung-Soo Ahn , Rajib Rana , Sunil Sivadas , Carlos Busso , Jagath C. Rajapakse

Automated emotion detection in speech is a challenging task due to the complex interdependence between words and the manner in which they are spoken. It is made more difficult by the available datasets; their small size and incompatible…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-11-16 Amith Ananthram , Kailash Karthik Saravanakumar , Jessica Huynh , Homayoon Beigi

Human emotion understanding is pivotal in making conversational technology mainstream. We view speech emotion understanding as a perception task which is a more realistic setting. With varying contexts (languages, demographics, etc.)…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-09-29 Payal Mohapatra , Akash Pandey , Yueyuan Sui , Qi Zhu

Affective computing - combining sensor technology, machine learning, and psychology - have been studied for over three decades and is employed in AI-powered technologies to enhance emotional awareness in AI systems, and detect symptoms of…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-04-21 Anders Rolighed Larsen , Sneha Das , Nicole Nadine Lønfeldt , Paula Petcu , Line Clemmensen

Speech emotion recognition is a challenging task for three main reasons: 1) human emotion is abstract, which means it is hard to distinguish; 2) in general, human emotion can only be detected in some specific moments during a long…

Sound · Computer Science 2019-05-03 Yuanyuan Zhang , Jun Du , Zirui Wang , Jianshu Zhang

Obtaining large, human labelled speech datasets to train models for emotion recognition is a notoriously challenging task, hindered by annotation cost and label ambiguity. In this work, we consider the task of learning embeddings for speech…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-08-17 Samuel Albanie , Arsha Nagrani , Andrea Vedaldi , Andrew Zisserman

Emotions play an important role in people's life. Understanding and recognising is not only important for interpersonal communication, but also has promising applications in Human-Computer Interaction, automobile safety and medical…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-12-17 Xia Yicheng , Dimitrios Kollias

Emotion recognition in conversations (ERC) is challenging due to the multimodal nature of the emotion expression. In this paper, we propose to pretrain a text-based recognition model from unsupervised speech transcripts with LLM guidance.…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-01-22 Soumya Dutta , Sriram Ganapathy

Advancements in spoken language processing have driven the development of spoken language models (SLMs), designed to achieve universal audio understanding by jointly learning text and audio representations for a wide range of tasks.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-31 Pedro Corrêa , João Lima , Victor Moreno , Lucas Ueda , Paula Dornhofer Paro Costa

Speech emotion recognition (SER) is crucial in speech understanding and generation. Most approaches are based on either classification models or large language models. Different from previous methods, we propose Gen-SER, a novel approach…

Sound · Computer Science 2026-01-29 Taihui Wang , Jinzheng Zhao , Rilin Chen , Tong Lei , Wenwu Wang , Dong Yu

Speech Emotion Captioning (SEC) has emerged as a notable research direction. The inherent complexity of emotional content in human speech makes it challenging for traditional discrete classification methods to provide an adequate…

The mainstream paradigm of speech emotion recognition (SER) is identifying the single emotion label of the entire utterance. This line of works neglect the emotion dynamics at fine temporal granularity and mostly fail to leverage linguistic…

Sound · Computer Science 2024-03-29 Siyuan Shen , Yu Gao , Feng Liu , Hanyang Wang , Aimin Zhou

Symbolic Regression (SR) is a type of regression analysis to automatically find the mathematical expression that best fits the data. Currently, SR still basically relies on various searching strategies so that a sample-specific model is…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-06-16 Jiachen Li , Ye Yuan , Hong-Bin Shen

Multimodal Emotion Recognition (MER) aims to automatically identify and understand human emotional states by integrating information from various modalities. However, the scarcity of annotated multimodal data significantly hinders the…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-09-11 Zhixian Zhao , Haifeng Chen , Xi Li , Dongmei Jiang , Lei Xie

Spontaneous speech emotion data usually contain perceptual grades where graders assign emotion score after listening to the speech files. Such perceptual grades introduce uncertainty in labels due to grader opinion variation. Grader…

Sound · Computer Science 2025-04-01 Vikramjit Mitra , Amrit Romana , Dung T. Tran , Erdrin Azemi

Pre-trained deep learning embeddings have consistently shown superior performance over handcrafted acoustic features in speech emotion recognition (SER). However, unlike acoustic features with clear physical meaning, these embeddings lack…

Sound · Computer Science 2024-09-17 Satvik Dixit , Daniel M. Low , Gasser Elbanna , Fabio Catania , Satrajit S. Ghosh

Humans are emotional creatures. Multiple modalities are often involved when we express emotions, whether we do so explicitly (e.g., facial expression, speech) or implicitly (e.g., text, image). Enabling machines to have emotional…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-11-10 Sicheng Zhao , Guoli Jia , Jufeng Yang , Guiguang Ding , Kurt Keutzer

Although automatic emotion recognition (AER) has recently drawn significant research interest, most current AER studies use manually segmented utterances, which are usually unavailable for dialogue systems. This paper proposes integrating…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-08-15 Wen Wu , Chao Zhang , Philip C. Woodland

Neural text-to-speech (TTS) approaches generally require a huge number of high quality speech data, which makes it difficult to obtain such a dataset with extra emotion labels. In this paper, we propose a novel approach for emotional TTS…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-01-19 Xiong Cai , Dongyang Dai , Zhiyong Wu , Xiang Li , Jingbei Li , Helen Meng