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Standard transformers entangle all computation in a single residual stream, obscuring which components perform which functions. We introduce the Dual-Stream Transformer, which decomposes the residual stream into two functionally distinct…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-10 J. Clayton Kerce , Alexis Fox

Autoregressive models (ARMs) have become the workhorse for sequence generation tasks, since many problems can be modeled as next-token prediction. While there appears to be a natural ordering for text (i.e., left-to-right), for many data…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-15 Zhe Wang , Jiaxin Shi , Nicolas Heess , Arthur Gretton , Michalis K. Titsias

Bidirectional transformers are the foundation of many sequence modeling tasks across natural, biological, and chemical language domains, but they are permutation-invariant without explicit positional embeddings. In contrast, unidirectional…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2026-04-22 Logan Hallee , Jason P. Gleghorn

Recurrent-attention hybrids aim to combine the efficiency of recurrence with the expressivity of attention, but existing approaches typically apply attention uniformly across all positions, even when the recurrent state alone is sufficient…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-14 Haoran Zheng , Chen Shani

The efficacy of Multimodal Transformers in visually-rich document understanding (VrDU) is critically constrained by two inherent limitations: the lack of explicit modeling for logical reading order and the interference of visual tokens that…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-12 Tingwei Xie , Jinxin He , Yonghong Song

Existing rotation-invariant point cloud masked autoencoders (MAE) rely on random masking strategies that overlook geometric structure and semantic coherence. Random masking treats patches independently, failing to capture spatial…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-19 Xuanhua Yin , Dingxin Zhang , Yu Feng , Shunqi Mao , Jianhui Yu , Weidong Cai

Masked diffusion models (MDMs), which leverage bidirectional attention and a denoising process, are narrowing the performance gap with autoregressive models (ARMs). However, their internal attention mechanisms remain under-explored. This…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-13 Pengcheng Huang , Tianming Liu , Zhenghao Liu , Yukun Yan , Shuo Wang , Tong Xiao , Zulong Chen , Maosong Sun

Masked diffusion models (MDMs), which leverage bidirectional attention and a denoising process, are narrowing the performance gap with autoregressive models (ARMs). However, their internal attention mechanisms remain under-explored. This…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-14 Xin Dai , Pengcheng Huang , Zhenghao Liu , Shuo Wang , Yukun Yan , Chaojun Xiao , Yu Gu , Ge Yu , Maosong Sun

Masked autoregressive (MAR) models unify the strengths of masked and autoregressive generation by predicting tokens in a fixed order using bidirectional attention for image generation. While effective, MAR models suffer from significant…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-17 Chaoyi Jiang , Sungwoo Kim , Lei Gao , Hossein Entezari Zarch , Won Woo Ro , Murali Annavaram

Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR) using multiple microphone arrays has achieved great success in the far-field robustness. Taking advantage of all the information that each array shares and contributes is crucial in this task. Motivated by…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-02-20 Xiaofei Wang , Ruizhi Li , Sri Harish Mallid , Takaaki Hori , Shinji Watanabe , Hynek Hermansky

An important aspect subtending language understanding and production is the ability to independently encode positional and symbolic information of the words within a sentence. In Transformers, positional information is typically encoded…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-18 Felipe Urrutia , Jorge Salas , Alexander Kozachinskiy , Cristian Buc Calderon , Hector Pasten , Cristobal Rojas

Selective attention helps us focus on task-relevant aspects in the constant flood of our sensory input. This constraint in our perception allows us to robustly generalize under distractions and to new compositions of perceivable concepts.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-09-17 Ankit Vani , Bac Nguyen , Samuel Lavoie , Ranjay Krishna , Aaron Courville

Rotary Positional Embeddings (RoPE) have become the standard for Large Language Models (LLMs) due to their ability to encode relative positions through geometric rotation. However, we identify a significant limitation we term ''Spectral…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-02 Kanishk Awadhiya

Rotary Positional Encoding (RoPE) is widely used in modern large language models. However, when sequences are extended beyond the range seen during training, rotary phases can enter out-of-distribution regimes, leading to spurious…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Riccardo Ali , Alessio Borgi , Christopher Irwin , Mario Severino , Pietro Liò

In arbitrary-order language models, it is an open question how to sample tokens in parallel from the correct joint distribution. With discrete diffusion models, the more tokens they generate in parallel, the less their predicted…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-30 Gabe Guo , Stefano Ermon

Convolutional neural networks model the transformation of the input sensory data at the bottom of a network hierarchy to the semantic information at the top of the visual hierarchy. Feedforward processing is sufficient for some object…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-02-05 Mahdi Biparva , John Tsotsos

We consider the task of semantic robotic grasping, in which a robot picks up an object of a user-specified class using only monocular images. Inspired by the two-stream hypothesis of visual reasoning, we present a semantic grasping…

Robotics · Computer Science 2017-11-10 Eric Jang , Sudheendra Vijayanarasimhan , Peter Pastor , Julian Ibarz , Sergey Levine

Ranking models have become an important part of modern personalized recommendation systems. However, significant challenges persist in handling high-cardinality, heterogeneous, and sparse feature spaces, particularly regarding model…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-11-25 Yi Xu , Chaofan Fan , Jinxin Hu , Yu Zhang , Zeng Xiaoyi , Jing Zhang

Designing a universal policy architecture that performs well across diverse robots and task configurations remains a key challenge. In this work, we address this by representing robot actions as sequential data and generating actions…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-03-27 Xinyu Zhang , Yuhan Liu , Haonan Chang , Liam Schramm , Abdeslam Boularias

The goal of this paper is to strengthen the reasoning of Omnimodal Large Language Models (Omni-LLMs) at inference time, without additional training. These models jointly process video, audio, and text, and given the large number of tokens…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-08 Suho Yoo , Youngjoon Jang , Joon Son Chung
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