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End-to-end autonomous driving systems based on vision-language-action (VLA) models integrate multimodal sensor inputs and language instructions to generate planning and control signals. While autoregressive large language models and…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-12-17 Mingwang Xu , Jiahao Cui , Feipeng Cai , Hanlin Shang , Zhihao Zhu , Shan Luan , Yifang Xu , Neng Zhang , Yaoyi Li , Jia Cai , Siyu Zhu

While recent Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have attained significant strides in multimodal reasoning, their reasoning processes remain predominantly text-centric, leading to suboptimal performance in complex long-horizon,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-01 Zefeng He , Xiaoye Qu , Yafu Li , Tong Zhu , Siyuan Huang , Yu Cheng

Recent advancements in text-to-image (T2I) generative models have shown remarkable capabilities in producing diverse and imaginative visuals based on text prompts. Despite the advancement, these diffusion models sometimes struggle to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-11-30 Xiaohui Chen , Yongfei Liu , Yingxiang Yang , Jianbo Yuan , Quanzeng You , Li-Ping Liu , Hongxia Yang

Diffusion Language Models (DLMs) provide a promising alternative to autoregressive language models by generating text through iterative denoising and bidirectional refinement. However, this iterative generation paradigm also introduces…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-14 Yejin Lee , Yo-Sub Han

Vision-language modeling (VLM) aims to bridge the information gap between images and natural language. Under the new paradigm of first pre-training on massive image-text pairs and then fine-tuning on task-specific data, VLM in the remote…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-11 Xingxing Weng , Chao Pang , Gui-Song Xia

Although Visual-Language Models (VLMs) have shown impressive capabilities in tasks like visual question answering and image captioning, they still struggle with hallucinations. Analysis of attention distribution in these models shows that…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-09-11 Xiaoyu Liang , Jiayuan Yu , Lianrui Mu , Jiedong Zhuang , Jiaqi Hu , Yuchen Yang , Jiangnan Ye , Lu Lu , Jian Chen , Haoji Hu

Reinforcement learning has become a central paradigm for improving LLM reasoning, but most existing methods optimize policies over discrete token sequences. This creates a mismatch between the optimization space and the structure of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Haoqiang Kang , Yizhe Zhang , Nikki Lijing Kuang , Yi-An Ma , Lianhui Qin

Diffusion models have exhibit exceptional performance in text-to-image generation and editing. However, existing methods often face challenges when handling complex text prompts that involve multiple objects with multiple attributes and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-06-05 Ling Yang , Zhaochen Yu , Chenlin Meng , Minkai Xu , Stefano Ermon , Bin Cui

Diffusion language models (DLMs) have recently emerged as an alternative to autoregressive approaches, offering parallel sequence generation and flexible token orders. However, their inference remains slower than that of autoregressive…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-10 Pengxiang Li , Yefan Zhou , Dilxat Muhtar , Lu Yin , Shilin Yan , Li Shen , Soroush Vosoughi , Shiwei Liu

Solving complex visual tasks such as "Who invented the musical instrument on the right?" involves a composition of skills: understanding space, recognizing instruments, and also retrieving prior knowledge. Recent work shows promise by…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-04-08 Yushi Hu , Otilia Stretcu , Chun-Ta Lu , Krishnamurthy Viswanathan , Kenji Hata , Enming Luo , Ranjay Krishna , Ariel Fuxman

Out-of-distribution (OOD) scenarios in autonomous driving pose critical challenges, as planners often fail to generalize beyond their training experience, leading to unsafe or unexpected behavior. Vision-Language Models (VLMs) have shown…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-08-21 Hayeon Oh

High-quality audio is essential in a wide range of applications, including online communication, virtual assistants, and the multimedia industry. However, degradation caused by noise, compression, and transmission artifacts remains a major…

Continual learning in large language models (LLMs) is prone to catastrophic forgetting, where adapting to new tasks significantly degrades performance on previously learned ones. Existing methods typically rely on low-rank,…

Vision Language Model (VLM) typically assume complete modality input during inference. However, their effectiveness drops sharply when certain modalities are unavailable or incomplete. Current research on missing modality primarily faces…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-07 Wei Dai , Haoyu Wang , Honghao Chang , Lijun He , Fan Li , Jian Sun , Haixia Bi

Autoregressive (AR) language models build representations incrementally via left-to-right prediction, while diffusion language models (dLLMs) are trained through full-sequence denoising. Although recent dLLMs match AR performance, whether…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-11 Raghavv Goel , Risheek Garrepalli , Sudhanshu Agrawal , Chris Lott , Mingu Lee , Fatih Porikli

We introduce the Diffusion Chain of Lateral Thought (DCoLT), a reasoning framework for diffusion language models. DCoLT treats each intermediate step in the reverse diffusion process as a latent "thinking" action and optimizes the entire…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-03 Zemin Huang , Zhiyang Chen , Zijun Wang , Tiancheng Li , Guo-Jun Qi

Reparameterized diffusion models (RDMs) have recently matched autoregressive methods in protein generation, motivating their use for challenging tasks such as designing membrane proteins, which possess interleaved soluble and transmembrane…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2025-09-30 Shrey Goel , Peregrine M. Schray , Yinuo Zhang , Sophia Vincoff , Huong T. Kratochvil , Pranam Chatterjee

Vision-Language Models (VLMs) are powerful tools for processing and understanding text and images. We study the processing of visual tokens in the language model component of LLaVA, a prominent VLM. Our approach focuses on analyzing the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-29 Clement Neo , Luke Ong , Philip Torr , Mor Geva , David Krueger , Fazl Barez

We propose a method to fuse frozen text-only large language models (LLMs) with pre-trained image encoder and decoder models, by mapping between their embedding spaces. Our model demonstrates a wide suite of multimodal capabilities: image…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-16 Jing Yu Koh , Daniel Fried , Ruslan Salakhutdinov

We present a probabilistic language model for time-stamped text data which tracks the semantic evolution of individual words over time. The model represents words and contexts by latent trajectories in an embedding space. At each moment in…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2017-07-19 Robert Bamler , Stephan Mandt
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