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The functional equations $ f^2+g^2=1 $ and $ f^2+2\alpha fg+g^2=1 $ are respectively called Fermat-type binomial and trinomial equations. It is of interest to know about the existence and form of the solutions of general quadratic…

Complex Variables · Mathematics 2022-10-25 Molla Basir Ahamed , Sanju Mandal

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the following invariance equation involving two $2$-variable generalized Bajraktarevi\'c means, i.e., we aim to solve the functional equation $$…

Classical Analysis and ODEs · Mathematics 2023-03-21 Richárd Grünwald , Zsolt Páles

In this note, we characterize all functions $f : \mathbb{N} \rightarrow \mathbb{C}$ such that $f(x_1^2+ \cdots + x_k^2)=f(x_1)^2+ \cdots + f(x_k)^2$, where $k \geq 3$ and $x_1, \cdots, x_k$ are positive integers.

Number Theory · Mathematics 2017-04-13 Jungin Lee

In this paper we establish the stability of the functional equation \begin{equation*}f(xy)=f(x)g(y)+g(x)f(y)+h(x)h(y),\;x,y\in G,\end{equation*} where $G$ is an amenable group.

Rings and Algebras · Mathematics 2018-09-20 Ajebbar Omar , Elqorachi Elhoucien

The purpose of the present paper is to solve (under some assumption on the domain) the equation $$ g(x+y)-g(x)-g(y)=xf(y)+yf(x). $$ After determining the general solutions, we will investigate the so--called alien solutions. %More…

Classical Analysis and ODEs · Mathematics 2013-07-03 Włodzimierz Fechner , Eszter Gselmann

Let $S$ be a semigroup. We determine the complex-valued solutions $f,g,h$ of the functional equation \begin{equation*}f(xy)=f(x)g(y)+g(x)f(y)+h(x)h(y), x,y\in S,\end{equation*} in terms of multiplicative functions, solutions of the special…

General Mathematics · Mathematics 2023-06-09 Omar Ajebbar , Elhoucien Elqorachi

Consider a subset $A$ of $\mathbb{F}_p^n$ and a decomposition of its indicator function as the sum of two bounded functions $1_A=f_1+f_2$. For every family of linear forms, we find the smallest degree of uniformity $k$ such that assuming…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2011-03-25 Hamed Hatami , Shachar Lovett

The main purpose of this work is to provide the general solutions of a class of linear functional equations. Let $n\geq 2$ be an arbitrarily fixed integer, let further $X$ and $Y$ be linear spaces over the field $\mathbb{K}$ and let…

Classical Analysis and ODEs · Mathematics 2019-03-20 Eszter Gselmann , Gergely Kiss , Csaba Vincze

The main objective of this study is to investigate the existence and forms of solutions of systems of general quadratic functional equations in $\mathbb{C}^n$. By utilizing Nevanlinna theory in $\mathbb{C}^n$, we explore the existence and…

Complex Variables · Mathematics 2025-11-11 Molla Basir Ahamed , Sanju Mandal

Let R+ = (0,infinity) and let M be the family of all mean values of two numbers in R+ (some examples are the arithmetic, geometric, and harmonic means). Given m1, m2 in M, we say that a function f : R+ to R+ is (m1,m2)-convex if f(m1(x,y))…

Classical Analysis and ODEs · Mathematics 2008-05-11 G. D. Anderson , M. K. Vamanamurthy , M. Vuorinen

Polynomial functions $f : \mathbb{N}_+ \longrightarrow \mathbb{N}_+$ are studied for which sums of arbitrary length $f (1) + f (2) + f (3) + >... + f (n)$, with $n \in \mathbb{N}_+$, can be expressed by polynomial functions $g :…

General Mathematics · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Elemer E Rosinger

Given two functions $f,g:I\to\mathbf{R}$ and a probability measure $\mu$ on the Borel subsets of $[0,1]$, the two-variable mean $M_{f,g;\mu}:I^2\to I$ is defined by $$ M_{f,g;\mu}(x,y) :=\bigg(\frac{f}{g}\bigg)^{-1}\left( \frac{\int_0^1…

Classical Analysis and ODEs · Mathematics 2020-11-23 László Losonczi , Zsolt Páles , Amr Zakaria

Let $S$ be a semigroup. Our main results is that we describe the complex-valued solutions of the following functional equations \[g(x\sigma (y)) = g(x)g(y)+f(x)f(y),\ x,y\in S,\] \[f(x\sigma (y)) = f(x)g(y)+f(y)g(x),\ x,y\in S,\] and…

Functional Analysis · Mathematics 2023-02-22 Youssef Aserrar , Elhoucien Elqorachi

We apply general difference calculus in order to obtain solutions to the functional equations of the second order. We show that factorization method can be successfully applied to the functional case. This method is equivariant under the…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2010-09-01 Tomasz Golinski , Anatol Odzijewicz

In this sequence of work we investigate polynomial equations of additive functions. We consider the solutions of equation \[ \sum_{i=1}^{n}f_{i}(x^{p_{i}})g_{i}(x)^{q_{i}}= 0 \qquad \left(x\in \mathbb{F}\right), \] where $n$ is a positive…

Classical Analysis and ODEs · Mathematics 2023-03-07 Eszter Gselmann , Gergely Kiss

We introduce a fairly general concept of functional equation for $k$-tuples of functions $f_1,\dots,f_k\colon X \to Y$ between arbitrary sets. The homomorphy equations for mappings between groups and other algebraic systems, as well as…

Functional Analysis · Mathematics 2015-10-19 Pavol Zlatoš

In this paper we find the solutions of the functional equation $$f(xy) = g(x)h(y) + \sum_{j=1}^n g_j(x)h_j(y), \;x,y \in M,$$ where $M$ is a monoid, $n\geq 2$, and $g_j$ (for $j=1,...,n$) are linear combinations of at least $2$ distinct…

Classical Analysis and ODEs · Mathematics 2019-07-24 Belfakih Keltouma , Elqorachi Elhoucien

This paper investigates functional equations arising from perturbations of Cauchy differences. We study equations of the form \[ f(x+y)-f(x)-f(y)=B(x,y) \quad \text{or} \quad f(xy)-f(x)f(y) = B(x,y) \] where $B$ is a biadditive mapping, and…

Classical Analysis and ODEs · Mathematics 2026-03-23 Eszter Gselmann , Tomasz Małolepszy , Janusz Matkowski

Given a semigroup $S$ generated by its squares equipped with an involutive automorphism $\sigma$ and a multiplicative function $\mu:S\to\mathbb{C}$ such that $\mu(x\sigma(x))=1$ for all $x\in S$, we determine the complex-valued solutions of…

General Mathematics · Mathematics 2019-09-24 Omar Ajebbar , Elhoucien Elqorachi

In this paper we show that bisymmetry, which is an algebraic property, has a regularity improving feature. More precisely, we prove that every bisymmetric, partially strictly monotonic, reflexive and symmetric function $F:I^2\to I$ is…

Classical Analysis and ODEs · Mathematics 2021-07-16 Pál Burai , Gergely Kiss , Patricia Szokol