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Approximate Nearest Neighbor Search (ANNS) plays a critical role in various disciplines spanning data mining and artificial intelligence, from information retrieval and computer vision to natural language processing and recommender systems.…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2024-07-10 Hiroyuki Ootomo , Akira Naruse , Corey Nolet , Ray Wang , Tamas Feher , Yong Wang

Despite filtered nearest neighbor search being a fundamental task in modern vector search systems, the performance of existing algorithms is highly sensitive to query selectivity and filter type. In particular, existing solutions excel…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-02-12 Haike Xu , Guy Blelloch , Laxman Dhulipala , Lars Gottesbüren , Rajesh Jayaram , Jakub Łącki

Approximate K Nearest Neighbor (AKNN) algorithms play a pivotal role in various AI applications, including information retrieval, computer vision, and natural language processing. Although numerous AKNN algorithms and benchmarks have been…

Databases · Computer Science 2024-07-01 Xianzhi Zeng , Zhuoyan Wu , Xinjing Hu , Xuanhua Shi , Shixuan Sun , Shuhao Zhang

Nearest neighbor search (NNS) aims to locate the points in high-dimensional space that is closest to the query point. The brute-force approach for finding the nearest neighbor becomes computationally infeasible when the number of points is…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-10-06 Deepak Gupta , Russell Loane , Soumya Gayen , Dina Demner-Fushman

Developing increasingly efficient and accurate algorithms for approximate nearest neighbor search is a paramount goal in modern information retrieval. A primary approach to addressing this question is clustering, which involves partitioning…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-12-10 Thomas Vecchiato

Nearest-neighbor query processing is a fundamental operation for many image retrieval applications. Often, images are stored and represented by high-dimensional vectors that are generated by feature-extraction algorithms. Since tree-based…

Databases · Computer Science 2019-12-17 Omid Jafari , Khandker Mushfiqul Islam , Parth Nagarkar

The widely used retrieve-and-rerank pipeline faces two critical limitations: they are constrained by the initial retrieval quality of the top-k documents, and the growing computational demands of LLM-based rerankers restrict the number of…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-09-10 Haike Xu , Tong Chen

Similarity-preserving hashing is a widely-used method for nearest neighbour search in large-scale image retrieval tasks. There has been considerable research on generating efficient image representation via the deep-network-based hashing…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2017-10-20 Hanjiang Lai , Yan Pan

Retrieving the most similar objects in a large-scale database for a given query is a fundamental building block in many application domains, ranging from web searches, visual, cross media, and document retrievals. State-of-the-art…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-03-15 Muge Li , Liangyue Li , Feiping Nie

Approximate nearest neighbor search (ANNS) is a key retrieval technique for vector database and many data center applications, such as person re-identification and recommendation systems. It is also fundamental to retrieval augmented…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2024-05-30 Yitu Wang , Shiyu Li , Qilin Zheng , Linghao Song , Zongwang Li , Andrew Chang , Hai "Helen" Li , Yiran Chen

Keyword-based search in text-rich multi-dimensional datasets facilitates many novel applications and tools. In this paper, we consider objects that are tagged with keywords and are embedded in a vector space. For these datasets, we study…

Databases · Computer Science 2014-09-16 Vishwakarma Singh , Ambuj K. Singh

We define and investigate the problem of $\textit{c-approximate window search}$: approximate nearest neighbor search where each point in the dataset has a numeric label, and the goal is to find nearest neighbors to queries within arbitrary…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2024-06-05 Joshua Engels , Benjamin Landrum , Shangdi Yu , Laxman Dhulipala , Julian Shun

In this paper we show how the complexity of performing nearest neighbor (NNS) search on a metric space is related to the expansion of the metric space. Given a metric space we look at the graph obtained by connecting every pair of points…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2010-05-05 Rina Panigrahy , Kunal Talwar , Udi Wieder

We present a set of parallel algorithms for computing exact k-nearest neighbors in low dimensions. Many k-nearest neighbor algorithms use either a kd-tree or the Morton ordering of the point set; our algorithms combine these approaches…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2021-11-09 Magdalen Dobson , Guy Blelloch

k-nearest neighbor (k-NN) search is a fundamental primitive in geometry processing and computer graphics. While spatial partitioning structures such as kd-trees are standard, they are often manifold-blind, failing to exploit the intrinsic…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2026-05-05 Pengfei Wang , Qinghao Guo , Haisen Zhao , Shiqing Xin , Shuangmin Chen , Changhe Tu , Wenping Wang

Approximate nearest neighbor search (ANNS) has emerged as a crucial component of database and AI infrastructure. Ever-increasing vector datasets pose significant challenges in terms of performance, cost, and accuracy for ANNS services. None…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-10-02 Bing Tian , Haikun Liu , Yuhang Tang , Shihai Xiao , Zhuohui Duan , Xiaofei Liao , Xuecang Zhang , Junhua Zhu , Yu Zhang

Similarity search based on a distance function in metric spaces is a fundamental problem for many applications. Queries for similar objects lead to the well-known machine learning task of nearest-neighbours identification. Many data…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2022-08-05 Felipe Ortega , Maria Jesus Algar , Isaac Martín de Diego , Javier M. Moguerza

The fastest indexes for Approximate Nearest Neighbor Search today are also the slowest to build: graph-based methods like HNSW and Vamana achieve state-of-the-art query performance but have large construction times due to relying on…

Databases · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Tobias Rubel , Richard Wen , Laxman Dhulipala , Lars Gottesbüren , Rajesh Jayaram , Jakub Łącki

Graph-based approaches to approximate nearest neighbor search (ANNS) enable fast, high-recall retrieval on billion-scale vector datasets. Among them, the Sparse Neighborhood Graph (SNG) is widely used due to its strong search performance.…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2026-05-06 Xinran Ma , Zhaoqi Zhou , Chuan Zhou , Zaijiu Shang , Guoliang Li , Zhiming Ma

Nearest neighbor search and k-nearest neighbor graph construction are two fundamental issues arise from many disciplines such as multimedia information retrieval, data-mining and machine learning. They become more and more imminent given…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2020-09-18 Wan-Lei Zhao , Hui Wang , Chong-Wah Ngo