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Large Vision-Language Models (LVLMs) have transformed multi-modal understanding, excelling in tasks like image captioning and visual question answering by integrating visual and textual inputs. However, their robustness against adversarial…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-27 Xiang Fang , Wanlong Fang , Changshuo Wang

The deployment of multimodal large language models (MLLMs) has brought forth a unique vulnerability: susceptibility to malicious attacks through visual inputs. This paper investigates the novel challenge of defending MLLMs against such…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-06-18 Renjie Pi , Tianyang Han , Jianshu Zhang , Yueqi Xie , Rui Pan , Qing Lian , Hanze Dong , Jipeng Zhang , Tong Zhang

A face morphing attack image can be verified to multiple identities, making this attack a major vulnerability to processes based on identity verification, such as border checks. Various methods have been proposed to detect face morphing…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-09-28 Naser Damer , Noemie Spiller , Meiling Fang , Fadi Boutros , Florian Kirchbuchner , Arjan Kuijper

Despite extensive alignment efforts, Large Vision-Language Models (LVLMs) remain vulnerable to jailbreak attacks, posing serious safety risks. To address this, existing detection methods either learn attack-specific parameters, which…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-21 Shuang Liang , Zhihao Xu , Jialing Tao , Hui Xue , Xiting Wang

Visual deep learning (VDL) systems have shown significant success in real-world applications like image recognition, object detection, and autonomous driving. To evaluate the reliability of VDL, a mainstream approach is software testing,…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-12-24 Liwen Wang , Yuanyuan Yuan , Ao Sun , Zongjie Li , Pingchuan Ma , Daoyuan Wu , Shuai Wang

Although multimodal large language models (MLLMs) have achieved promising results on a wide range of vision-language tasks, their ability to perceive and understand human faces is rarely explored. In this work, we comprehensively evaluate…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-29 Haomiao Sun , Mingjie He , Tianheng Lian , Hu Han , Shiguang Shan

Investigating new methods of creating face morphing attacks is essential to foresee novel attacks and help mitigate them. Creating morphing attacks is commonly either performed on the image-level or on the representation-level. The…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-03-14 Naser Damer , Meiling Fang , Patrick Siebke , Jan Niklas Kolf , Marco Huber , Fadi Boutros

Face Recognition Systems (FRS) are critical for security but remain vulnerable to morphing attacks, where synthetic images blend biometric features from multiple individuals. We propose a novel Single-Image Morphing Attack Detection (S-MAD)…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-18 Ria Shekhawat , Sushrut Patwardhan , Raghavendra Ramachandra , Praveen Kumar Chandaliya , Kishor P. Upla

Multimodal large language models (MLLMs) have demonstrated impressive general competence in video understanding, yet their reliability for real-world Video Anomaly Detection (VAD) remains largely unexplored. Unlike conventional pipelines…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Shanle Yao , Armin Danesh Pazho , Narges Rashvand , Hamed Tabkhi

Deepfake detection remains a critical challenge in the era of advanced generative models, particularly as synthetic media becomes more sophisticated. In this study, we explore the potential of state of the art multi-modal (reasoning) large…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-01 Simiao Ren , Yao Yao , Kidus Zewde , Zisheng Liang , Tsang , Ng , Ning-Yau Cheng , Xiaoou Zhan , Qinzhe Liu , Yifei Chen , Hengwei Xu

Face morphing attacks pose a severe security threat to face recognition systems, enabling the morphed face image to be verified against multiple identities. To detect such manipulated images, the development of new face morphing methods…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-11 Marcel Grimmer , Christoph Busch

Document fraud poses a significant threat to industries reliant on secure and verifiable documentation, necessitating robust detection mechanisms. This study investigates the efficacy of state-of-the-art multi-modal large language models…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-18 Zisheng Liang , Kidus Zewde , Rudra Pratap Singh , Disha Patil , Zexi Chen , Jiayu Xue , Yao Yao , Yifei Chen , Qinzhe Liu , Simiao Ren

Multimodal large language models (MLLMs) integrate information from multiple modalities such as text, images, audio, and video, enabling complex capabilities such as visual question answering and audio translation. While powerful, this…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-03-31 Bhavuk Jain , Sercan Ö. Arık , Hardeo K. Thakur

Recently, Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have demonstrated exceptional capabilities in visual understanding and reasoning across various vision-language tasks. However, we found that MLLMs cannot process effectively from…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-26 Bangyan Li , Wenxuan Huang , Zhenkun Gao , Yeqiang Wang , Yunhang Shen , Jingzhong Lin , Ling You , Yuxiang Shen , Shaohui Lin , Wanli Ouyang , Yuling Sun

Face Recognition Systems (FRS) are vulnerable to various attacks performed directly and indirectly. Among these attacks, face morphing attacks are highly potential in deceiving automatic FRS and human observers and indicate a severe…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-10-03 Jag Mohan Singh , Raghavendra Ramachandra

With the rapid advancements in Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs), securing these models against malicious inputs while aligning them with human values has emerged as a critical challenge. In this paper, we investigate an important…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-11-26 Weidi Luo , Siyuan Ma , Xiaogeng Liu , Xiaoyu Guo , Chaowei Xiao

As audio-visual multi-modal large language models (MLLMs) are increasingly deployed in safety-critical applications, understanding their vulnerabilities is crucial. To this end, we introduce Multi-Modal Typography, a systematic study…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-07 Tianle Chen , Deepti Ghadiyaram

Recently, large language models (LLMs) have taken the spotlight in natural language processing. Further, integrating LLMs with vision enables the users to explore more emergent abilities in multimodality. Visual language models (VLMs), such…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-11-14 Minh-Hao Van , Xintao Wu

The integration of multimodal models into Presentation Attack Detection (PAD) for ID Documents represents a significant advancement in biometric security. Traditional PAD systems rely solely on visual features, which often fail to detect…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-01 Marina Villanueva , Juan M. Espin , Juan E. Tapia

Although multimodal large language models (MLLMs) are increasingly deployed in real-world applications, their instruction-following behavior leaves them vulnerable to prompt injection attacks. Existing prompt injection methods predominantly…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-01 Meiwen Ding , Song Xia , Chenqi Kong , Xudong Jiang