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Fractional Differential Equations (FDEs) are essential tools for modelling complex systems in science and engineering. They extend the traditional concepts of differentiation and integration to non-integer orders, enabling a more precise…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-27 C. Coelho , M. Fernanda P. Costa , L. L. Ferrás

Partial differential equations (PDEs) govern nearly every physical process in science and engineering, yet solving them at scale remains prohibitively expensive. Generative AI has transformed language, vision, and protein science, but…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-10 Yilong Dai , Shengyu Chen , Xiaowei Jia , Runlong Yu

Coupled partial differential equations (PDEs) are key tasks in modeling the complex dynamics of many physical processes. Recently, neural operators have shown the ability to solve PDEs by learning the integral kernel directly in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-27 Xiongye Xiao , Defu Cao , Ruochen Yang , Gaurav Gupta , Gengshuo Liu , Chenzhong Yin , Radu Balan , Paul Bogdan

A primary challenge in using neural networks to approximate nonlinear dynamical systems governed by partial differential equations (PDEs) lies in recasting these systems into a tractable representation particularly when the dynamics are…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Pengyu Lai , Yixiao Chen , Dewu Yang , Rui Wang , Feng Wang , Hui Xu

Physics-informed neural operators have emerged as a powerful paradigm for solving parametric partial differential equations (PDEs), particularly in the aerospace field, enabling the learning of solution operators that generalize across…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-24 Jing Wang , Biao Chen , Hairun Xie , Rui Wang , Yifan Xia , Jifa Zhang , Hui Xu

Partial differential equations (PDEs) are widely used across the physical and computational sciences. Decades of research and engineering went into designing fast iterative solution methods. Existing solvers are general purpose, but may be…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2024-09-23 Jun-Ting Hsieh , Shengjia Zhao , Stephan Eismann , Lucia Mirabella , Stefano Ermon

The classical development of neural networks has primarily focused on learning mappings between finite dimensional Euclidean spaces or finite sets. We propose a generalization of neural networks to learn operators, termed neural operators,…

Neural operators are a type of deep architecture that learns to solve (i.e. learns the nonlinear solution operator of) partial differential equations (PDEs). The current state of the art for these models does not provide explicit…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-08-03 Emilia Magnani , Nicholas Krämer , Runa Eschenhagen , Lorenzo Rosasco , Philipp Hennig

In recent years, Scientific Machine Learning (SciML) methods for solving partial differential equations (PDEs) have gained increasing popularity. Within such a paradigm, Physics-Informed Neural Networks (PINNs) are novel deep learning…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2024-04-25 Pasquale Ambrosio , Salvatore Cuomo , Mariapia De Rosa

Partial differential equations (PDEs) form the backbone of simulations of many natural phenomena, for example in climate modeling, material science, and even financial markets. The application of physics-informed neural networks to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-17 Nils Klement , Veronika Eyring , Mierk Schwabe

Differential equations are widely used to describe complex dynamical systems with evolving parameters in nature and engineering. Effectively learning a family of maps from the parameter function to the system dynamics is of great…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-12 Xin Li , Chengli Zhao , Xue Zhang , Xiaojun Duan

Inverse problems involving partial differential equations (PDEs) can be seen as discovering a mapping from measurement data to unknown quantities, often framed within an operator learning approach. However, existing methods typically rely…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-02-10 Sung Woong Cho , Hwijae Son

Neural networks, especially the recent proposed neural operator models, are increasingly being used to find the solution operator of differential equations. Compared to traditional numerical solvers, they are much faster and more efficient…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-12-09 Ye Li , Yiwen Pang , Bin Shan

Learning the solution of partial differential equations (PDEs) with a neural network is an attractive alternative to traditional solvers due to its elegance, greater flexibility and the ease of incorporating observed data. However, training…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-18 Katsiaryna Haitsiukevich , Alexander Ilin

The measured spatiotemporal response of various physical processes is utilized to infer the governing partial differential equations (PDEs). We propose SimultaNeous Basis Function Approximation and Parameter Estimation (SNAPE), a technique…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-09-17 Sutanu Bhowmick , Satish Nagarajaiah

Neural networks are one tool for approximating non-linear differential equations used in scientific computing tasks such as surrogate modeling, real-time predictions, and optimal control. PDE foundation models utilize neural networks to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-11 Elisa Negrini , Yuxuan Liu , Liu Yang , Stanley J. Osher , Hayden Schaeffer

Solving partial differential equations (PDEs) on shapes underpins many shape analysis and engineering tasks; yet, prevailing PDE solvers operate on polygonal/triangle meshes while modern 3D assets increasingly live as neural…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-29 Lilian Welschinger , Yilin Liu , Zican Wang , Niloy Mitra

We introduce Neural Parameter Regression (NPR), a novel framework specifically developed for learning solution operators in Partial Differential Equations (PDEs). Tailored for operator learning, this approach surpasses traditional DeepONets…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-20 Konrad Mundinger , Max Zimmer , Sebastian Pokutta

The order/dimension of models derived on the basis of data is commonly restricted by the number of observations, or in the context of monitored systems, sensing nodes. This is particularly true for structural systems (e.g., civil or…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-12-01 Zhilu Lai , Wei Liu , Xudong Jian , Kiran Bacsa , Limin Sun , Eleni Chatzi

Many physical processes such as weather phenomena or fluid mechanics are governed by partial differential equations (PDEs). Modelling such dynamical systems using Neural Networks is an active research field. However, current methods are…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-12 Andrzej Dulny , Andreas Hotho , Anna Krause