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Sequential neural networks models are powerful tools in a variety of Natural Language Processing (NLP) tasks. The sequential nature of these models raises the questions: to what extent can these models implicitly learn hierarchical…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-11-27 Shauli Ravfogel , Francis M. Tyers , Yoav Goldberg

Cognitive BASIC is a minimal, BASIC-style prompting language and in-model interpreter that structures large language model (LLM) reasoning into explicit, stepwise execution traces. Inspired by the simplicity of retro BASIC, we repurpose…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-11-24 Oliver Kramer

Spatio-physical reasoning, a foundation capability for understanding the real physics world, is a critical step towards building robust world models. While recent vision language models (VLMs) have shown remarkable progress in specialized…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-15 Tiancheng Han , Yunfei Gao , Yong Li , Wuzhou Yu , Qiaosheng Zhang , Wenqi Shao

Machine reading is a fundamental task for testing the capability of natural language understanding, which is closely related to human cognition in many aspects. With the rising of deep learning techniques, algorithmic models rival human…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-07-17 Jian Liu , Leyang Cui , Hanmeng Liu , Dandan Huang , Yile Wang , Yue Zhang

Reasoning is a fundamental aspect of human intelligence that plays a crucial role in activities such as problem solving, decision making, and critical thinking. In recent years, large language models (LLMs) have made significant progress in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-29 Jie Huang , Kevin Chen-Chuan Chang

Reasoning over commonsense knowledge bases (CSKB) whose elements are in the form of free-text is an important yet hard task in NLP. While CSKB completion only fills the missing links within the domain of the CSKB, CSKB population is…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-09-17 Tianqing Fang , Weiqi Wang , Sehyun Choi , Shibo Hao , Hongming Zhang , Yangqiu Song , Bin He

Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown impressive capabilities in various applications, but they still face various inconsistency issues. Existing works primarily focus on the inconsistency issues within a single LLM, while we…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-15 Kai Xiong , Xiao Ding , Yixin Cao , Ting Liu , Bing Qin

Logical reasoning consistently plays a fundamental and significant role in the domains of knowledge engineering and artificial intelligence. Recently, Large Language Models (LLMs) have emerged as a noteworthy innovation in natural language…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-09-17 Fangzhi Xu , Qika Lin , Jiawei Han , Tianzhe Zhao , Jun Liu , Erik Cambria

Recent advancements in multimodal large language models (MLLMs) have shown unprecedented capabilities in advancing various vision-language tasks. However, MLLMs face significant challenges with hallucinations, and misleading outputs that do…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-24 Shengqiong Wu , Hao Fei , Liangming Pan , William Yang Wang , Shuicheng Yan , Tat-Seng Chua

To enable Large Language Models (LLMs) to function as conscious agents with generalizable reasoning capabilities, it is crucial that they possess the reasoning ability to comprehend situational changes (transitions) in distribution…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-22 Weiqi Wang , Yangqiu Song

Recent advances have enabled Large Language Models (LLMs) to tackle reasoning tasks by generating chain-of-thought (CoT) rationales, yet these gains have largely applied to high-resource languages, leaving low-resource languages behind. In…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-27 Khanh-Tung Tran , Barry O'Sullivan , Hoang D. Nguyen

Recent advances in large language models (LLMs) and vision-language models (LVLMs) have shown promise across many tasks, yet their scientific reasoning capabilities remain untested, particularly in multimodal settings. We present…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Xinwu Ye , Chengfan Li , Siming Chen , Wei Wei , Xiangru Tang

In recent years, large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated significant success in performing varied natural language tasks such as language translation, question-answering, summarizing, fact-checking, etc. Despite LLMs' impressive…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-03 Bishwamittra Ghosh , Sarah Hasan , Naheed Anjum Arafat , Arijit Khan

Vision-Language Models (VLMs) have achieved remarkable progress across tasks such as visual question answering and image captioning. Yet, the extent to which these models perform visual reasoning as opposed to relying on linguistic priors…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-25 Brigitta Malagurski Törtei , Yasser Dahou , Ngoc Dung Huynh , Wamiq Reyaz Para , Phúc H. Lê Khac , Ankit Singh , Sofian Chaybouti , Sanath Narayan

Commonsense knowledge (CSK) supports a variety of AI applications, from visual understanding to chatbots. Prior works on acquiring CSK, such as ConceptNet, have compiled statements that associate concepts, like everyday objects or…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-05-06 Yohan Chalier , Simon Razniewski , Gerhard Weikum

In order to simulate human language capacity, natural language processing systems must be able to reason about the dynamics of everyday situations, including their possible causes and effects. Moreover, they should be able to generalise the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-10-28 Edoardo Maria Ponti , Goran Glavaš , Olga Majewska , Qianchu Liu , Ivan Vulić , Anna Korhonen

Ambiguous words or underspecified references require interlocutors to resolve them, often by relying on shared context and commonsense knowledge. Therefore, we systematically investigate whether Large Language Models (LLMs) can leverage…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-22 Lukas Ellinger , Georg Groh

Recent advancements in zero-shot commonsense reasoning have empowered Pre-trained Language Models (PLMs) to acquire extensive commonsense knowledge without requiring task-specific fine-tuning. Despite this progress, these models frequently…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-06 Hyuntae Park , Yeachan Kim , SangKeun Lee

In recent years, multilingual Large Language Models (LLMs) have become an inseparable part of daily life, making it crucial for them to master the rules of conversational language in order to communicate effectively with users. While…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-30 Ghazal Kalhor , Behnam Bahrak

Deep learning models perform poorly on tasks that require commonsense reasoning, which often necessitates some form of world-knowledge or reasoning over information not immediately present in the input. We collect human explanations for…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-06-07 Nazneen Fatema Rajani , Bryan McCann , Caiming Xiong , Richard Socher