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We study the hardness of the problem of finding the distance of quantum error-correcting codes. The analogous problem for classical codes is known to be NP-hard, even in approximate form. For quantum codes, various problems related to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-11-07 Upendra Kapshikar , Srijita Kundu

Quantum error correction is an important ingredient for scalable quantum computing. Stabilizer codes are one of the most promising and straightforward ways to correct quantum errors, are convenient for logical operations, and improve…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-02-07 Ilya. A. Simakov , Ilya. S. Besedin

Graphs are closely related to quantum error-correcting codes: every stabilizer code is locally equivalent to a graph code, and every codeword stabilized code can be described by a graph and a classical code. For the construction of good…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2011-03-31 Salman Beigi , Isaac Chuang , Markus Grassl , Peter Shor , Bei Zeng

Improving the simulation of quantum circuits on classical computers is important for understanding quantum advantage and increasing development speed. In this paper, we explore a new way to express stabilizer states and further improve the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-09-12 Alexander Tianlin Hu , Andrey Boris Khesin

Graph codes play an important role in photonic quantum technologies as they provide significant protection against qubit loss, a dominant noise mechanism. Here, we develop methods to analyse and optimise measurement-based tolerance to qubit…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-12-12 Tom J. Bell , Love A. Pettersson , Stefano Paesani

Stabilizer states form an important class of states in quantum information, and are of central importance in quantum error correction. Here, we provide an algorithm for deciding whether one stabilizer (target) state can be obtained from…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-05-16 Axel Dahlberg , Stephanie Wehner

The color code is remarkable for its ability to perform fault-tolerant logic gates. This motivates the design of practical decoders that minimise the resource cost of color-code quantum computation. Here we propose a decoder for the planar…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-01-20 Kaavya Sahay , Benjamin J. Brown

Color codes are promising quantum error correction (QEC) codes because they have an advantage over surface codes in that all Clifford gates can be implemented transversally. However, thresholds of color codes under circuit-level noise are…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-09-18 Yugo Takada , Keisuke Fujii

Given that quantum error correction processes are unreliable, an efficient error syndrome extraction circuit should use fewer ancillary qubits, quantum gates, and measurements, while maintaining low circuit depth, to minimizing the circuit…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-07-14 Pei-Hao Liou , Ching-Yi Lai

The strongly correlated systems we use to realise quantum error-correcting codes may give rise to high-weight, problematic errors. Encouragingly, we can expect local quantum error-correcting codes with no string-like logical operators $-$…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-07-14 Georgia M. Nixon , Benjamin J. Brown

Graph generation techniques are increasingly being adopted for drug discovery. Previous graph generation approaches have utilized relatively small molecular building blocks such as atoms or simple cycles, limiting their effectiveness to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-04-21 Wengong Jin , Regina Barzilay , Tommi Jaakkola

Given their potential for fault-tolerant operations, topological quantum states are currently the focus of intense activity. Of particular interest are topological quantum error correction codes, such as the surface and planar stabilizer…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-08-04 Pengcheng Liao , David L. Feder

We propose a systematic procedure for the construction of graphs associated with binary quantum stabilizer codes. The procedure is characterized by means of the following three step process. First, the stabilizer code is realized as a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-06-29 Carlo Cafaro

In this paper we investigate the encoding of operator quantum error correcting codes i.e. subsystem codes. We show that encoding of subsystem codes can be reduced to encoding of a related stabilizer code making it possible to use all the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2008-07-01 Pradeep Kiran Sarvepalli , Andreas Klappenecker

High-rate concatenated quantum codes offer a promising pathway toward fault-tolerant quantum computation, yet designing efficient decoders that fully exploit their error-correction capability remains a significant challenge. In this work,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-01-15 Chao Zhang , Zipeng Wu , Jiahui Wu , Shilin Huang

Codes based on sparse matrices have good performance and can be efficiently decoded by belief-propagation (BP). Decoding binary stabilizer codes needs a quaternary BP for (additive) codes over GF(4), which has a higher check-node complexity…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-03-10 Kao-Yueh Kuo , Ching-Yi Lai

Quantum technologies have the potential to solve certain computationally hard problems with polynomial or super-polynomial speedups when compared to classical methods. Unfortunately, the unstable nature of quantum information makes it prone…

Topological codes have many desirable properties that allow fault-tolerant quantum computation with relatively low overhead. A core challenge for these codes, however, is to achieve a low-overhead universal gate set with limited…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-03 Julio C. Magdalena de la Fuente , Noa Feldman , Jens Eisert , Andreas Bauer

We introduce a methodology for generating random multi-qubit stabilizer codes based on solving a constraint satisfaction problem (CSP) on random bipartite graphs. This framework allows us to enforce stabilizer commutation, $X/Z$ balancing,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-04-26 Maxime Tremblay , Guillaume Duclos-Cianci , Stefanos Kourtis

Implementing algorithms on a fault-tolerant quantum computer will require fast decoding throughput and latency times to prevent an exponential increase in buffer times between the applications of gates. In this work we begin by quantifying…