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Quantum computers solve ever more complex tasks using steadily growing system sizes. Characterizing these quantum systems is vital, yet becoming increasingly challenging. The gold-standard is quantum state tomography (QST), capable of fully…

We consider the certification of temporal quantum correlations using the pseudo-density matrix (PDM), an extension of the density matrix to the time domain, where negative eigenvalues are key indicators of temporal correlations.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-04-25 Hongfeng Liu , Zhenhuan Liu , Shu Chen , Xinfang Nie , Xiangjing Liu , Dawei Lu

Efficiently characterizing large quantum states and processes is a central yet notoriously challenging task in quantum information science, as conventional tomography methods typically require resources that grow exponentially with system…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-03 Chenyang Li , Shengxin Zhuang , Yukun Zhang , Jingbo B. Wang , Xiao Yuan , Yusen Wu , Chuan Wang

We provide more sample-efficient versions of some basic routines in quantum data analysis, along with simpler proofs. Particularly, we give a quantum "Threshold Search" algorithm that requires only $O((\log^2 m)/\epsilon^2)$ samples of a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-08-07 Costin Bădescu , Ryan O'Donnell

This paper presents a data-driven approach to learn latent dynamics in superconducting quantum computing hardware. To this end, we augment the dynamical equation of quantum systems described by the Lindblad master equation with a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-02-05 Sohail Reddy , Stefanie Guenther , Yujin Cho

Classical shadows are a versatile tool to probe many-body quantum systems, consisting of a combination of randomised measurements and classical post-processing computations. In a recently introduced version of the protocol, the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-04-14 Riccardo Cioli , Elisa Ercolessi , Matteo Ippoliti , Xhek Turkeshi , Lorenzo Piroli

A key requirement for scalable quantum computing is that elementary quantum gates can be implemented with sufficiently low error. One method for determining the error behavior of a gate implementation is to perform process tomography.…

Quantum process tomography has become increasingly critical as the need grows for robust verification and validation of candidate quantum processors. Here, we present an approach for efficient quantum process tomography that uses a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-03-25 L. C. G. Govia , G. J. Ribeill , D. Ristè , M. Ware , H. Krovi

Quantum effects like entanglement and coherent amplification can be used to drastically enhance the accuracy of quantum parameter estimation beyond classical limits. However, challenges such as decoherence and time-dependent errors hinder…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-02-18 Yulong Dong , Jonathan A. Gross , Murphy Yuezhen Niu

We study single-copy shadow tomography in the adversarial robust setting, where the goal is to learn the expectation values of $M$ observables $O_1, \ldots, O_M$ with $\varepsilon$ accuracy, but $\gamma$-fraction of the outcomes can be…

We present an alternative form of master equation, applicable on the analysis of non-equilibrium dynamics of fermionic open quantum systems. The formalism considers a general scenario, composed by a multipartite quantum system in contact…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-11-15 Fabrício M. Souza , L. Sanz

Quantum computers can efficiently simulate Lindbladian dynamics, enabling powerful applications in open system simulation, thermal and ground-state preparation, autonomous quantum error correction, dissipative engineering, and more. Despite…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-10-20 Wenjun Yu , Xiaogang Li , Qi Zhao , Xiao Yuan

Simulating quantum dynamics is one of the most important applications of quantum computers. Traditional approaches for quantum simulation involve preparing the full evolved state of the system and then measuring some physical quantity.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-02-24 Rolando D. Somma , Robbie King , Robin Kothari , Thomas O'Brien , Ryan Babbush

The Lindblad equation determines the time evolution of the density operator of open quantum systems. While valid for any system size, its use is, in practice, restricted to prototype/surrogate models with the aim of tackling specific…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-07 Benedikt M. Reible , Somayeh Ahmadkhani , Luigi Delle Site

Quantum tomography is an essential method of the photonic technology toolbox and is routinely used for evaluation of experimentally prepared states of light and characterization of devices transforming such states. The tomography procedure…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-12-18 Radim Hošák , Robert Stárek , Miroslav Ježek

We use a constrained convex optimization (CCO) method to experimentally characterize arbitrary quantum states and unknown quantum processes on a two-qubit NMR quantum information processor. Standard protocols for quantum state and quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-10-31 Akshay Gaikwad , Arvind , Kavita Dorai

Shadow estimation is a powerful approach for estimating the expectation values of many observables. Thrifty shadow estimation is a simple variant that is proposed to reduce the experimental overhead by reusing random circuits repeatedly.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-11-01 Datong Chen , Huangjun Zhu

We present quantitative predictions for quantum simulator experiments on Ising models from trapped ions to Rydberg chains and show how the thermalization, and thus decoherence times, can be controlled by considering common, independent, and…

Quantum Gases · Physics 2019-07-30 Daniel Jaschke , Lincoln D. Carr , Ines de Vega

Quantum dynamics is of fundamental interest and has implications in quantum information processing. The four-point out-of-time-ordered correlator (OTOC) is traditionally used to quantify quantum information scrambling under many-body…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-12-06 Roy J. Garcia , You Zhou , Arthur Jaffe

Detecting multipartite entanglement in many qubit systems is measurement-intensive, motivating protocols that estimate only selected observables with provable efficiency. In this work we use the classical shadow protocol to study the sample…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-01-06 Ziran Zhang