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LLMs have been shown to perform well in machine translation (MT) with the use of in-context learning (ICL), rivaling supervised models when translating into high-resource languages (HRLs). However, they lag behind when translating into…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-13 Armel Zebaze , Benoît Sagot , Rachel Bawden

Large Language Models (LLMs) excel in high-resource languages but struggle with low-resource languages due to limited training data. This paper presents TALL (Trainable Architecture for Enhancing LLM Performance in Low-Resource Languages),…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-06 Moshe Ofer , Orel Zamler , Amos Azaria

In-Context Learning (ICL) is an emergent capability of Large Language Models (LLMs). Only a few demonstrations enable LLMs to be used as blackbox for new tasks. Previous studies have shown that using LLMs' outputs as labels is effective in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-04 Kazuma Hashimoto , Karthik Raman , Michael Bendersky

In this survey, we systematically analyze techniques used to adapt large multimodal models (LMMs) for low-resource (LR) languages, examining approaches ranging from visual enhancement and data creation to cross-modal transfer and fusion…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Marian Lupascu , Ana-Cristina Rogoz , Mihai Sorin Stupariu , Radu Tudor Ionescu

Despite dramatic recent progress in NLP, it is still a major challenge to apply Large Language Models (LLM) to low-resource languages. This is made visible in benchmarks such as Cross-Lingual Natural Language Inference (XNLI), a key task…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-15 Aung Kyaw Htet , Mark Dras

Large Language Models(LLMs) hold promise for improving healthcare access in low-resource settings, but their effectiveness in African primary care remains underexplored. We present a methodology for creating a benchmark dataset and…

In-context machine translation (MT) with large language models (LLMs) is a promising approach for low-resource MT, as it can readily take advantage of linguistic resources such as grammar books and dictionaries. Such resources are usually…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-30 Renhao Pei , Yihong Liu , Peiqin Lin , François Yvon , Hinrich Schütze

Evaluating the performance of Code Language Models (CLMs) for software engineering tasks, especially in multilingual and low-resource programming language settings, poses significant challenges. These challenges are primarily due to the…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-11-26 Rohit Dandamudi , Gema Rodríguez-Pérez

Prevalent supervised learning methods in natural language processing (NLP) are notoriously data-hungry, which demand large amounts of high-quality annotated data. In practice, acquiring such data is a costly endeavor. Recently, the superior…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-11-01 Ruoyu Zhang , Yanzeng Li , Yongliang Ma , Ming Zhou , Lei Zou

The success of large language models (LLMs) depends heavily on large-scale, high-quality instruction-following and reinforcement datasets. However, generating such data through human annotation is prohibitively time-consuming particularly…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-02 Chenhua Shi , Gregor Macdonald , Bhavika Jalli , Wanlu Lei , John Zou , Mridul Jain , Joji Philip

Pretrained multilingual contextual representations have shown great success, but due to the limits of their pretraining data, their benefits do not apply equally to all language varieties. This presents a challenge for language varieties…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-06-22 Ethan C. Chau , Lucy H. Lin , Noah A. Smith

Being modeled as a single-label classification task for a long time, recent work has argued that Arabic Dialect Identification (ADI) should be framed as a multi-label classification task. However, ADI remains constrained by the availability…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-18 Ali Mekky , Mohamed El Zeftawy , Lara Hassan , Amr Keleg , Preslav Nakov

Low-resource languages (LRLs) often lack high-quality, large-scale datasets for training effective text embedding models, hindering their application in tasks like retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) and semantic search. In this work, we…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-25 Zaruhi Navasardyan , Spartak Bughdaryan , Bagrat Minasyan , Hrant Davtyan

Large Language Models (LLMs) offer new potential for automating documentation-to-code traceability, yet their capabilities remain underexplored. We present a comprehensive evaluation of LLMs (Claude 3.5 Sonnet, GPT-4o, and o3-mini) in…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-08-08 Ebube Alor , SayedHassan Khatoonabadi , Emad Shihab

The rising demand for inclusive speech technologies amplifies the need for multilingual datasets for Natural Language Processing (NLP) research. However, limited awareness of existing task-specific resources in low-resource languages…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-02 Swati Sharma , Divya V. Sharma , Anubha Gupta

Large language models (LLMs) have received a lot of attention in natural language processing (NLP) research because of their exceptional performance in understanding and generating human languages. However, low-resource languages are left…

Previous work on cross-lingual sequence labeling tasks either requires parallel data or bridges the two languages through word-byword matching. Such requirements and assumptions are infeasible for most languages, especially for languages…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-10-25 Zuyi Bao , Rui Huang , Chen Li , Kenny Q. Zhu

Relation Extraction (RE) serves as a crucial technology for transforming unstructured text into structured information, especially within the framework of Knowledge Graph development. Its importance is emphasized by its essential role in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-27 Dawulie Jinensibieke , Mieradilijiang Maimaiti , Wentao Xiao , Yuanhang Zheng , Xiaobo Wang

We propose a Cross-lingual Encoder-Decoder model that simultaneously translates and generates sentences with Semantic Role Labeling annotations in a resource-poor target language. Unlike annotation projection techniques, our model does not…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-08-30 Angel Daza , Anette Frank

Software analytics often builds from labeled data. Labeling can be slow, error prone, and expensive. When human expertise is scarce, SE researchers sometimes ask large language models (LLMs) for the missing labels. While this has been…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-03-25 Lohith Senthilkumar , Tim Menzies